[PDF] Water Associated Infectious Diseases eBook

Author : Shailendra K. Saxena
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 17,5 MB
Release : 2019-11-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9811391971

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This book provides a comprehensive overview of the different water-associated infectious diseases and their linked pathogens with plausible strategies for their mitigation. Although, we are in the era of 21st century having most of the advanced technologies at hand, yet water-associated infectious diseases are the major contributors towards the worldwide morbidity and mortality. The book also focuses on the various implementation strategies of sustainable hygienic conditions, discusses the robust, and reliable policies and strategies on a global aspect to provide unprivileged people access to the basic sanitation, hygiene and water. In addition, the book discusses the possible indirect effect of global warming on the spread of infectious diseases through the distribution of associated vectors.

Author : Shailendra K. Saxena
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 36,98 MB
Release : 2020-12-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811391996

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This book provides a comprehensive overview of the different water-associated infectious diseases and their linked pathogens with plausible strategies for their mitigation. Although, we are in the era of 21st century having most of the advanced technologies at hand, yet water-associated infectious diseases are the major contributors towards the worldwide morbidity and mortality. The book also focuses on the various implementation strategies of sustainable hygienic conditions, discusses the robust, and reliable policies and strategies on a global aspect to provide unprivileged people access to the basic sanitation, hygiene and water. In addition, the book discusses the possible indirect effect of global warming on the spread of infectious diseases through the distribution of associated vectors.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 33,21 MB
Release : 2020-02-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 030949382X

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Legionnaires' disease, a pneumonia caused by the Legionella bacterium, is the leading cause of reported waterborne disease outbreaks in the United States. Legionella occur naturally in water from many different environmental sources, but grow rapidly in the warm, stagnant conditions that can be found in engineered water systems such as cooling towers, building plumbing, and hot tubs. Humans are primarily exposed to Legionella through inhalation of contaminated aerosols into the respiratory system. Legionnaires' disease can be fatal, with between 3 and 33 percent of Legionella infections leading to death, and studies show the incidence of Legionnaires' disease in the United States increased five-fold from 2000 to 2017. Management of Legionella in Water Systems reviews the state of science on Legionella contamination of water systems, specifically the ecology and diagnosis. This report explores the process of transmission via water systems, quantification, prevention and control, and policy and training issues that affect the incidence of Legionnaires' disease. It also analyzes existing knowledge gaps and recommends research priorities moving forward.

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 719 pages
File Size : 42,91 MB
Release : 2013-11-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 0124159761

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The second edition of Microbiology of Waterborne Diseases describes the diseases associated with water, their causative agents and the ways in which they gain access to water systems. The book is divided into sections covering bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Other sections detail methods for detecting and identifying waterborne microorganisms, and the ways in which they are removed from water, including chlorine, ozone, and ultraviolet disinfection. The second edition of this handbook has been updated with information on biofilms and antimicrobial resistance. The impact of global warming and climate change phenomena on waterborne illnesses are also discussed. This book serves as an indispensable reference for public health microbiologists, water utility scientists, research water pollution microbiologists environmental health officers, consultants in communicable disease control and microbial water pollution students. Focuses on the microorganisms of most significance to public health, including E. coli, cryptosporidium, and enterovirus Highlights the basic microbiology, clinical features, survival in the environment, and gives a risk assessment for each pathogen Contains new material on antimicrobial resistance and biofilms Covers drinking water and both marine and freshwater recreational bathing waters

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 11,48 MB
Release : 2004-06-19
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0309091225

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Recent and forecasted advances in microbiology, molecular biology, and analytical chemistry have made it timely to reassess the current paradigm of relying predominantly or exclusively on traditional bacterial indicators for all types of waterborne pathogens. Nonetheless, indicator approaches will still be required for the foreseeable future because it is not practical or feasible to monitor for the complete spectrum of microorganisms that may occur in water, and many known pathogens are difficult to detect directly and reliably in water samples. This comprehensive report recommends the development and use of a "tool box" approach by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency and others for assessing microbial water quality in which available indicator organisms (and/or pathogens in some cases) and detection method(s) are matched to the requirements of a particular application. The report further recommends the use of a phased, three-level monitoring framework to support the selection of indicators and indicator approaches.Â

Author : Lorna Fewtrell
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 27,12 MB
Release : 2001-09-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781900222280

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The quality of water, whether it is used for drinking, irrigation or recreational purposes, is significant for health in both developing and developed countries worldwide. In responding to this challenge, countries develop standards intended to protect public health. Recognising this, the World Health Organization (WHO) develops 'guidelines' that present an authoritative assessment of the health risks associated with hazards through water and of the effectiveness of approaches to their control. To date, the various WHO guidelines concerned with water (Guidelines for drinking-water quality; Guidelines for the safe use of wastewater and excreta in agriculture and aquaculture; Guidelines for safe recreational water environments) have been developed in isolation from one another. However, their common primary concern is for health hazards derived from excreta. Addressing their specific areas of concern together will tend to support better health protection and highlight the value of interventions closer to sources of pollution, which may otherwise be under-valued. The potential to increase consistency in approaches to assessment and management of water-related microbial hazards was discussed by an international group of experts between 1999 and 2001. These discussions led to the development of a harmonised framework, which was intended to inform the process of development of guidelines and standards. Subsequently, a series of reviews was developed and refined, which addressed the principle issues of concern linking water and health to the establishment and implementation of effective, affordable and efficient guidelines and standards. The book is based on these reviews and the harmonised framework. This book will prove invaluable to all those concerned with issues relating to microbial water quality and health, including environmental and public health scientists, water scientists, policy makers and those responsible for developing standards and regulations.

Author : Kathy Pond
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 32,97 MB
Release : 2005
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789241563055

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This publication gives a comprehensive review and analysis of potential diseases associated with recreational water activities in marine, freshwater, spas/whirlpools and swimming pools, drawing on information on the ecology and health aspects of a variety of pathogens. Issues discussed include: the factors related to infection and disease severity, susceptible sub-populations, the credibility of association with recreational water use, a severity rating system for prioritising public health protection measures, and pathogen summaries. It will be useful to all those concerned with recreational water quality, including environmental and public health professionals, local authorities and user groups.

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 34,22 MB
Release : 2009-10-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309138728

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As the human population grows-tripling in the past century while, simultaneously, quadrupling its demand for water-Earth's finite freshwater supplies are increasingly strained, and also increasingly contaminated by domestic, agricultural, and industrial wastes. Today, approximately one-third of the world's population lives in areas with scarce water resources. Nearly one billion people currently lack access to an adequate water supply, and more than twice as many lack access to basic sanitation services. It is projected that by 2025 water scarcity will affect nearly two-thirds of all people on the planet. Recognizing that water availability, water quality, and sanitation are fundamental issues underlying infectious disease emergence and spread, the Institute of Medicine held a two-day public workshop, summarized in this volume. Through invited presentations and discussions, participants explored global and local connections between water, sanitation, and health; the spectrum of water-related disease transmission processes as they inform intervention design; lessons learned from water-related disease outbreaks; vulnerabilities in water and sanitation infrastructure in both industrialized and developing countries; and opportunities to improve water and sanitation infrastructure so as to reduce the risk of water-related infectious disease.

Author : Paul Raymond Hunter
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 37,95 MB
Release : 2002-07-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1420040529

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In many countries, considerable uncertainty still exists about the contribution of drinking water to sporadic cases of disease. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), in cooperation with the World Health Organization (WHO), led the Workshop on Molecular Technologies for Safe Drinking Water in 1998 to address the role of w

Author : Gunther F. Craun
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 39,89 MB
Release : 2018-01-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 1351094564

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This book examines, in both a current and historical context, water-related illness in the U.S. Emphasis is placed upon the transmission of infectious diseases through contaminated drinking water supplies and those deficiencies in water supply systems which allow waterborne outbreaks to occur. Chapters have been included on the important etiologic agents responsible for waterborne outbreaks in the U.S., surveillance activities, regulations, water treatment to prevent the occurrence of waterborne outbreaks and procedures for investigating waterborne outbreaks. For completeness, discussion have been included on illnesses contracted by ingestion of contact with waters for bathing , swimming, or wading and chronic ingestion of low levels of chemical contaminants in drinking water; however, because of space limitations there are necessarily brief, and the reader is directed toward the provided references, which discuss these subjects in more depth.