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Author : Xiaoming Kang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 23,9 MB
Release : 2023-04-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 2832521703
Author : William J. Mitsch
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 28,40 MB
Release : 2009-04-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 047028630X
New focused text introduces readers to wetland ecosystems and systems approaches to studying wetlands With its comprehensive coverage of wetland science, management, and restoration, Mitsch and Gosselink's Wetlands has been the premier reference on wetlands for more than two decades. Now, the coverage of specific wetland ecosystem types from earlier editions of this acclaimed work has been updated, revised, and supplemented with additional content in order to create this new text focusing exclusively on wetland ecosystems. This book now complements Wetlands, Fourth Edition. Following an introduction to ecosystems in general and wetland ecosystems in particular, Wetland Ecosystems examines the major types of wetlands found throughout the world: coastal wetlands, freshwater marshes and forested swamps, and peatlands. The final chapter reviews three fundamental systems approaches to studying wetlands: mesocosms, full-scale experimental ecosystems, and mathematical modeling. This new text features: Updated descriptions of the hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biology of the main types of wetlands found in the world New content introducing general ecosystems, wetland ecosystems, whole ecosystem and mesocosm experiments with wetlands, and systems ecology and modeling A detailed description of the ecosystem services provided by wetlands A broad international scope, including many examples of wetlands located outside North America Two new coauthors offering new perspectives and additional insights into the latest ecosystem and modeling techniques An abundance of illustrations helps readers understand how different biological communities and the abiotic environment in wetland ecosystems interact and function. Tables and text boxes provide at-a-glance summaries of key information. Lastly, each chapter concludes with a list of recommended readings. This text has been designed as an introduction for students and professionals in wetland ecology and management, general ecology, environmental science, and natural resource management.
Author : Bill Freedman
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 14,81 MB
Release : 2014-08-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400757837
The handbook Global Environmental Change is intended to serve as a reliable and comprehensive resource to attend the needs of researchers, teachers, students, and professionals working in science and policy aspects relevant to environment and sustainability. Entries in the handbook are arranged by major section, and are extensively cross-referenced to allow users to find related titles in a user-friendly way. The handbook is available as a printed volume and as an on-line reference work.
Author : Sudip Mitra
Publisher :
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 40,91 MB
Release : 2003
Category : Carbon cycle (Biogeochemistry)
ISBN :
Wetlands are among the most important natural resources on earth, as sources of biological, cultural and economic diversity. Conservation and management of wetlands have been identified as priority tasks for action in international conventions and regional policies, but extensive wetland area has been degraded in many developing countries. These continuing destruction demands to be restricted or at least slowed down. The primary objectives of this study were (i) assessing ecological functions and concepts for sustainable use of wetlands and (ii) compiling relevant information sources on geographic distribution of wetlands as well as their role in the global carbon budget. Wetlands comprise a pivotal global carbon reservoir and can moreover sequester additional carbon from the atmosphere in form of soil organic matter. Pristine wetland soils are a source of the greenhouse gas methane, but -- under improper management -- these soils emit even larger quantities of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide. The discussion on wetland protection measures is thwarted by uncertainties in the estimated carbon pool sizes and flux rates. On the global scale, the estimates on the carbon pool size vary from 200 to 530 Gt C while our own assessment (by incorporating global soil maps) clearly points towards the lower end of this range. Likewise, estimates of the carbon sequestration potential of wetlands vary between 80 to 230 Tg C/ yr. These discrepancies may in part be due to inherent problems in global land cover surveys, but diverging definitions of the ecosystem 'wetlands' (especially in dealing with peatlands) are further confounding an appraisal of global wetland resources. Similar uncertainties as for the global estimates arise for the geographic distribution of wetlands as described in different data sources. The three published world maps on wetland resources only coincide in 20-30 % of the identified wetland area. Our compilation of data on quantity and distribution of the wetland carbon pool allows an identification of potential 'hot spots' of future emissions and could feed into development of research and conservation projects. There are many reasons in favor of protection or a 'wise use' of wetlands that maintains the basic features of the ecosystem. The significance of wetlands for the global carbon budget and thus, for climate change, is a crucial pro-conservation argument that has been substantiated in this study through findings from current research.
Author : Pavel Kabat
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 565 pages
File Size : 49,48 MB
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 3642189482
A state-of-the-art overview of the influence of terrestrial vegetation and soils within the Earth system. The text deals especially with interactions between the terrestrial biosphere and the atmosphere via the hydrological cycle and their interlinkage with anthropogenic activities. Measurements gathered in integrated field experiments in the Sahel, the Amazon, North America and South-east Asia confirm the importance of these interactions. Observations are complemented by modelling studies, including regional models that simulate flows and transport in river catchments, coupled land-cover and regional climate systems, and Earth-system and global circulation models. Water, nutrient and sediment fluxes in river basins are also discussed and are shown to be highly impacted and regulated by humans through land use, pollution and river engineering. Finally, the book discusses environmental vulnerability and methodologies for assessing the risks associated with regional and global climatic and environmental variability and change. The results reported in this book are based on the research work of many individual scientists and teams around the world associated with the objectives of the IGBP-BAHC and WCRP-GEWEX international research programmes.
Author : Ken W. Krauss
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 35,62 MB
Release : 2021-10-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 1119639336
Explores how the management of wetlands can influence carbon storage and fluxes. Wetlands are vital natural assets, including their ability to take-up atmospheric carbon and restrict subsequent carbon loss to facilitate long-term storage. They can be deliberately managed to provide a natural solution to mitigate climate change, as well as to help offset direct losses of wetlands from various land-use changes and natural drivers. Wetland Carbon and Environmental Management presents a collection of wetland research studies from around the world to demonstrate how environmental management can improve carbon sequestration while enhancing wetland health and function. Volume highlights include: Overview of carbon storage in the landscape Introduction to wetland management practices Comparisons of natural, managed, and converted wetlands Impact of wetland management on carbon storage or loss Techniques for scientific assessment of wetland carbon processes Case studies covering tropical, coastal, inland, and northern wetlands Primer for carbon offset trading programs and how wetlands might contribute The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Author : Gerardo Perillo
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 1130 pages
File Size : 21,79 MB
Release : 2018-11-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 0444638946
Coastal Wetlands, Second Edition: An Integrated and Ecosystem Approach provides an understanding of the functioning of coastal ecosystems and the ecological services that they provide. As coastal wetlands are under a great deal of pressure from the dual forces of rising sea levels and the intervention of human populations, both along the estuary and in the river catchment, this book covers important issues, such as the destruction or degradation of wetlands from land reclamation and infrastructures, impacts from the discharge of pollutants, changes in river flows and sediment supplies, land clearing, and dam operations. Covers climate change and its influence on coastal wetland form and function Provides a fully updated and expanded resource, including new chapters on modeling, management and the impact of climate change Contains full-color figures of wetlands and estuaries in different parts of the world
Author : Allen M. Solomon
Publisher : Springer
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 34,17 MB
Release : 1993-01-31
Category : Gardening
ISBN :
The response of forests to global climate change is one of the most hotly contested issues in the greenhouse effect debate. This volume introduces ecologists, environmental scientists, foresters and earth scientists to the models which describe the function of forests and their rate of change.
Author : Mary Jane Carmichael
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 26,30 MB
Release : 2017
Category :
ISBN :
From a climate change perspective, one of the most important ecosystem services that wetlands provide is carbon sequestration, a regulating service that helps moderate the impact of increased anthropogenic and natural emissions of greenhouse gases like CO2 and CH4. Carbon dynamics in wetlands are influenced by processes that promote the accumulation of carbon in sinks and those that govern the release of carbon (e.g. act as carbon sources). The research described here evaluates the role of vegetation in carbon source/sink dynamics in a restored coastal freshwater forested wetland. Taxodium distichum (L.) Rich (bad cypress) represent a foundational species in coastal freshwater wetlands. These long-lived canopy dominants are well-adapted to flooded freshwater conditions, but particularly sensitive to changes in water chemistry associated with salinity incursion, an increasingly common situation in coastal regions of the southeastern United States. Chapters II and III investigate the impact of salinity incursion events on the ability of bald cypress to sequester carbon. I apply traditional techniques within the discipline of physiological plant ecology to a restoration setting to develop a baseline data set for the long-term evaluation and monitoring of restoration efforts at the Timberlake Observatory for Wetland Restoration. These data indicate that salinity incursion represents a long-term threat to the species ecophysiology, hence the success of the restoration effort currently underway. In addition to functioning as an important carbon sink, wetlands also represent the largest source of the annual flux of methane to the atmosphere. Vegetated wetland ecosystems in particular are hot spots of methane emissions. In Chapter IV, I provide the first comprehensive assessment of the importance of vegetation to the annual flux of methane to the atmosphere. In Chapters V and VI, I work towards identifying standing dead trees as a novel pathway in the annual flux of methane to the atmosphere from wetland ecosystems. Because of the substantial role that carbon gases play in greenhouse effects on global climate change, a greater resolution of the anthropogenic and biologic forces that control the source/sink dynamics of carbon in wetlands is important as society works towards mitigating current and future global warming.
Author : Shuqing An
Publisher : Springer
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 12,62 MB
Release : 2019-07-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 3030148610
This volume explores major wetland ecosystem services, such as climate cooling and water quality improvement, and discusses the recent wetland conservation and restoration activities in China and neighboring countries. The role of wetlands in either cooling or warming the climate is analyzed as the net balance between carbon sequestration and emissions of methane and nitrous oxide. Wetlands start off having a net warming effect on the climate but in time switch to net cooling. Further, they remove 40% of the N and P from run-off and groundwater flow in agricultural areas, but wetlands need to amount to 10% of the total catchment area to make a difference. Reflecting on the recent large investment in wetland ecological studies in China and neighboring countries, the book addresses invasive species in coastal wetlands as well as the protection and wise use of tidal flats around the Yellow Sea. It also presents promising regional case studies on wetland restoration. The book is intended for academics, students and practitioners in the field of wetland ecology, management and restoration, as well as consultants and professionals working in conservation, wise use and environmental policy.