[PDF] Using Microsatellite Dna To Analyze Population Structure In Clemmys Guttata eBook

Author : Maeghan L. Ciampa
Publisher :
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 35,97 MB
Release : 2011
Category : Clemmys guttata
ISBN :

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The spotted turtle (Clemmys guttata) is a small, semiaquatic species that has been listed as a species of special concern in Massachusetts. Populations of the species on Nantucket Island exist in fragmented and possibly isolated populations, although the effect of this fragmentation on current population structure is unknown. This study attempted to look at the population structure of two populations, one from the Medouie Creek Wetland Complex on Nantucket Island and a mainland population from Halifax, MA. Microsatellite loci were examined to analyze the population genetics and compare two populations. Seven microsatellite loci were analyzed in 40 spotted turtles sampled from Nantucket Island and 10 turtles from Halifax. The seven microsatellite loci were found to be highly polymorphic. A total number of 92 alleles were found across all loci, with the number of alleles per locus ranging from seven to sixteen. Using various statistical tests, the multilocus genotypes of individuals in both populations were analyzed to determine population structure. Both populations were found to be i Hardy-Weinberg and linkage equilibrium and highly significant genetic variation was found within and between the Nantucket and Halifax populations. Private alleles were found in both populations across all microsatellite loci and analysis of these alleles indicates some loss of genetic diversity in the Nantucket Island population. Overall, the results of this study were used to classify the Nantucket Island and Halifax, MA populations as genetically distinct from each other and that all individuals sampled belong to two genetic clusters that correlate to geographic population assignment. These data suggest that the two populations should be regarded as distinct management units.

Author : Reintroduction and invasive species specialist groups' taskforce on moving plants and animals for conservation purposes
Publisher : IUCN
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 29,21 MB
Release : 2013
Category : Animal ecology
ISBN : 2831716098

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"As the world's biodiversity faces the incessant threats of habitat loss, invasive species and climate change, there is an increasing need to consider more direct conservation interventions. Humans have moved organisms between sites for their own purposes for millennia, and this has yielded benefits for human kind, but in some cases has led to disastrous impacts. In response to this complex aspect of conservation management, the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) Reintroduction Specialist Group (RSG) and Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) have revised and published the IUCN 'Guidelines for Reintroductions and Other Conservation Translocations'"--Website.

Author : Richard Frankham
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 12,94 MB
Release : 2017
Category : Biodiversity
ISBN : 0198783396

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One of the greatest unmet challenges in conservation biology is the genetic management of fragmented populations of threatened animal and plant species. More than a million small, isolated, population fragments of threatened species are likely suffering inbreeding depression and loss of evolutionary potential, resulting in elevated extinction risks. Although these effects can often be reversed by re-establishing gene flow between population fragments, managers very rarely do this. On the contrary, genetic methods are used mainly to document genetic differentiation among populations, with most studies concluding that genetically differentiated populations should be managed separately, thereby isolating them yet further and dooming many to eventual extinction Many small population fragments are going extinct principally for genetic reasons. Although the rapidly advancing field of molecular genetics is continually providing new tools to measure the extent of population fragmentation and its genetic consequences, adequate guidance on how to use these data for effective conservation is still lacking. This accessible, authoritative text is aimed at senior undergraduate and graduate students interested in conservation biology, conservation genetics, and wildlife management. It will also be of particular relevance to conservation practitioners and natural resource managers, as well as a broader academic audience of conservation biologists and evolutionary ecologists.

Author : Luís Borda-de-Água
Publisher : Springer
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 25,36 MB
Release : 2017-09-18
Category : Nature
ISBN : 3319574965

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This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book provides a unique overview of the impacts of railways on biodiversity, integrating the existing knowledge on the ecological effects of railways on wildlife, identifying major knowledge gaps and research directions and presenting the emerging field of railway ecology. The book is divided into two major parts: Part one offers a general review of the major conceptual and theoretical principles of railway ecology. The chapters consider the impacts of railways on wildlife populations and concentrate on four major topics: mortality, barrier effects, species invasions and disturbances (ranging from noise to chemical pollution). Part two focuses on a number of case studies from Europe, Asia and North America written by an international group of experts.

Author : C. Kenneth Dodd
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 27,20 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780806135014

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Once a familiar backyard visitor in many parts of the United States and Mexico, the box turtle is losing the battle against extinction. In North American Box Turtles, C. Kenneth Dodd, Jr., has written the first book-length natural history of the twelve species and subspecies of this endangered animal. This volume includes comprehensive information on the species’ evolution, behavior, courtship and reproduction, habitat use, diet, population structure, systematics, and disease. Special features include color photos of all species, subspecies, and their habitats; a simple identification guide to both living and fossil species; and a summary of information on fossil Terrapene and Native uses of box turtles. End-of-chapter sections highlight future research directions, including the need for long-term monitoring and observation of box turtles within their natural habitat and conservation applications. A glossary and a bibliography of literature on box turtles accompany the text. All royalties from the sales of this volume will go to the Chelonian Research Foundation, a nonprofit foundation for the conservation of turtles.

Author : Stephen J. Mullin
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 31,68 MB
Release : 2011-08-15
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0801457858

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Destruction of habitat due to urban sprawl, pollution, and deforestation has caused population declines or even extinction of many of the world's approximately 2,600 snake species. Furthermore, misconceptions about snakes have made them among the most persecuted of all animals, despite the fact that less than a quarter of all species are venomous and most species are beneficial because they control rodent pests. It has become increasingly urgent, therefore, to develop viable conservation strategies for snakes and to investigate their importance as monitors of ecosystem health and indicators of habitat sustainability. In the first book on snakes written with a focus on conservation, editors Stephen J. Mullin and Richard A. Seigel bring together leading herpetologists to review and synthesize the ecology, conservation, and management of snakes worldwide. These experts report on advances in current research and summarize the primary literature, presenting the most important concepts and techniques in snake ecology and conservation. The common thread of conservation unites the twelve chapters, each of which addresses a major subdiscipline within snake ecology. Applied topics such as methods and modeling and strategies such as captive rearing and translocation are also covered. Each chapter provides an essential framework and indicates specific directions for future research, making this a critical reference for anyone interested in vertebrate conservation generally or for anyone implementing conservation and management policies concerning snake populations. Contributors: Omar Attum, Indiana University Southeast; Steven J. Beaupre, University of Arkansas; Xavier Bonnet, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; Frank T. Burbrink, College of Staten Island-The City University of New York; Gordon M. Burghardt, University of Tennessee; Todd A. Castoe, University of Colorado; David Chiszar, University of Colorado; Michael E. Dorcas, Davidson College; Lara E. Douglas, University of Arkansas; Christopher L. Jenkins, Project Orianne, Ltd.; Glenn Johnson, State University of New York at Potsdam; Michael Hutchins, The Wildlife Society; Richard B. King, Northern Illinois University; Bruce A. Kingsbury, Indiana University-Purdue University Fort Wayne; Thomas Madsen, University of Wollongong; Stephen J. Mullin, Eastern Illinois University; James B. Murphy, National Zoological Park; Charles R. Peterson, Idaho State University; Kent A. Prior, Parks Canada; Richard A. Seigel, Towson University; Richard Shine, University of Sydney; Kevin T. Shoemaker, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York; Patrick J. Weatherhead, University of Illinois; John D. Willson, University of Georgia