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This book examines the rapid spread of uniformed police forces throughout late nineteenth-century urban America. It suggests that, initially, the new kind of police in industrial cities served primarily as agents of class control, dispensing and administering welfare services as an unintentioned consequence of their uniformed presence on the streets.
The authors combine research & practical experience to explain how to balance the dual role--enforcer & protector--performed by police in an ever-changing society.
This landmark exposé of the dark history of repressive police operations in American cities offers a richly detailed account of police misconduct and violations of protected freedoms over the past century. In an incisive examination of undercover work in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and Philadelphia as well as Washington, D.C., Detroit, New Haven, Baltimore, and Birmingham, Donner reveals the underside of American law enforcement.
In Brownsville’s twenty-one housing projects, the young cops and the teenagers who stand solemnly on the street corners are bitter and familiar enemies. The Ville, as the Brownsville–East New York section of Brooklyn is called by the locals, is one of the most dangerous places on earth—a place where homicide is a daily occurrence. Now, Greg Donaldson, a veteran urban reporter and a longtime teacher in Brooklyn’s toughest schools, evokes this landscape with stunning and frightening accuracy. The Ville follows a year in the life of two urban black males from opposite sides of the street. Gary Lemite, an enthusiastic young Housing police officer, charges recklessly into gunfire in pursuit of respect and promotion. Sharron Corley, a member of a gang called the LoLifes and the star of the Thomas Jefferson High School play, is also looking for respect as he tries to survive these streets. Brilliantly capturing the firestorm of violence that is destroying a generation, waged by teenagers who know at thirty yards the difference between a MAC-10 machine pistol and a .357 Magnum, The Ville is the story of our inner cities and the lives of the young men who remain trapped there. In the tradition of There Are No Children Here, Clockers, and Random Family, The Ville is a vivid and unforgettable contribution to our understanding of race and violence in America today.
"Clear, concise, and filled with new materials, the book sets a high standard . . . Scholars in African American, police, and urban history will all be grateful for what is certain to become a fundamental work in their fields." —The Alabama Review "A balanced, perceptive, and readable study." —Kirkus Reviews " . . . easily read and interesting text . . . " —The Post and Courier (Charleston, SC) "[This] readable book is bound to explode plenty of myths. . . . This is an important book that is long overdue." —Our Texas, The Spirit of African-American Heritage "There is no better time than now for this electrifying, clear, and much needed volume." —Robert B. Ingram, President, National Conference of Black Mayors "Black Police in America is the most comprehensive and best documented study that I have read on African Americans in law enforcement." —Nudie Eugene Williams, University of Arkansas "Full of fascinating stories and accounts of racism and heroism, as well as photos and charts, this volume fills a void in the study of the African-American experience." —South Carolina Historical Magazine ". . . a fresh and original study and an important contribution to the fields of African American and urban history and criminal justice." —The Journal of American History " . . . an accomplished and wide-ranging comparative analysis of the role of race in the development and operation of police departments in America's nineteenth- and twentieth-century cities." —The Journal of Southern History African Americans demanded "colored police for colored people" for over two centuries. Black Police in America traces the history of African Americans in policing, from the appointment of the first "free men of color" as slave patrollers in 19th-century New Orleans to the advent of black police chiefs in urban centers—and explains the impact of black police officers on race relations, law enforcement, and crime.
Using data from 42 sizable American cities on their environments and police organizational structures, the book documents the importance of organizational structure on police action by predicting arrest rates for 2 types of serious criminal offenses. It applies this research perspective to neighborhoods in analyses of policing styles in three cities: Elyria, Ohio; Columbia, S.C.; and Newark, N.J. The study examines the kinds of data on police action available from a police dispatch log, as well as particular information recording processes used in the three sites. Two key indicators of police style are the rate of police aggressiveness and the degree to which local police work is legalistic, watchmanlike, or service-oriented. These measures are used to analyze variations in policing styles across both neighborhoods and cities, providing support to the theory that organization rather than environment determines local policing styles. This view receives additional support from indepth analyses of social, demographic, and economic characteristics of the three sites. Tables, references, and index.
This book examines how criminals shaped police behavior in the nineteenth century. It is an attempt to understand how the theory of crime prevention worked in practice. In general, we will see that the theory was not a particularly effective guide to crime control because its advocates assumed an overly simplistic view of the relationship between policemen and criminals. More specifically, I will argue that various types of criminals had, and have, the ability to negate the theory's promises because of the underworld's complexity and growth in an urban setting. The primary focus of this book therefore is on the interaction between policemen and criminals rather than on reformers and policemen. We must consider the experience of the police in dealing with criminals if we are to obtain a full understanding of the reasons why our police behave as they do. - p. vii.