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This book identifies chances and barriers women face in their transition to adulthood in Egypt, Iran, Jordan, and Syria. Adopting a life course perspective, it provides a new integrative micro-macro-theoretical framework and innovative analyses of individual life courses based on longitudinal data.
This book identifies chances and barriers women face in their transition to adulthood in Egypt, Iran, Jordan, and Syria. Adopting a life course perspective, it provides a new integrative micro-macro-theoretical framework and innovative analyses of individual life courses based on longitudinal data.
In its recent history, the Middle East and North Africa region has made a remarkable progress in expanding access to basic health services for its citizens, and the Region can be justifiably proud of having achieved one of the fastest rates of decline in child mortality among all the developing regions of the world. These accomplishments are particularly noteworthy in that the Region maintained a steady mortality decline despite of the periods of stagnation in economic growth that have affected different parts of the Region over this period. They reflect the benefits of past investments in basic health services and the beneficiary effects of the broader social and economic development, such as improved access to safe drinking water and hygiene as well as the higher educational attainment of girls - all of which are known to have a positive impact on child and maternal health. These past achievements form an important basis for addressing future challenges. At the same time, the benefits of economic development are bringing new risks and health issues that will require substantial realignment of the existing policies and programs. Middle East and North Africa region has one of the youngest populations in the world; this provides a window of demographic opportunity to prepare the next generation of children and youth for a healthy and productive adulthood, and avoid the unnecessary suffering and heavy cost of modern diseases. The healthcare system will also need to be prepared to provide adequate financial protection and quality healthcare as the ageing population will require increasing support to avoid premature deaths and minimize the suffering from disabilities associated with chronic diseases and injuries.
Marriage is a central stage in the transition to adulthood in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This paper builds on the existing literature on the effect of marriage on women's employment in MENA. Besides examining how different types of work are affected by early marriage (defined as marriage by the median age of marriage) in a multivariate setting, the contribution of this paper is to endogenize the marriage decision using an instrumental variable approach. We find that marriage by the median age reduces the probability of working for women by 47 percent in Jordan, 33 percent in Tunisia and 16 percent in Egypt. Much of the effect is due to a reduction in the probability of private wage work, which is reduced by 76 percent in Jordan, 57 percent in Tunisia and 40 percent in Egypt. Differences emerge across the three countries in the extent to which self-employment after marriage is available to women to compensate for the reduction in wage employment opportunities.
Author : National Research Council Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 507 pages File Size : 27,10 MB Release : 2006-01-08 Category : Social Science ISBN : 0309096804
Serving as a companion to Growing Up Global, this book from the National Research Council explores how the transition to adulthood is changing in developing countries in light of globalization and what the implications of these changes might be for those responsible for designing youth policies and programs. Presenting a detailed series of studies, this volume both complements its precursor and makes for a useful contribution in its own right. It should be of significant interest to scholars, leaders of civil society, and those charged with designing youth policies and programs.
This book examines the position of women in the contemporary Middle East and North Africa. It provides both theoretical angles and case studies from countries as diverse as Egypt, Iran, Turkey, Morocco and Israel, discussing the role of women as agents of change, with particular reference to the spheres of politics, civil society, religion, the law, society and culture.
Middle East and North Africa Investment Policy Perspectives highlights the considerable progress in investment policies made by the region’s governments over the past decade. Yet, the reform momentum needs to be sustained and deepened for the benefits of investment to be shared with society at large and for growth to be sustainable, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting global economic upheaval.
Author : Institute of Medicine Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 721 pages File Size : 14,32 MB Release : 2005-06-25 Category : Social Science ISBN : 030909528X
The challenges for young people making the transition to adulthood are greater today than ever before. Globalization, with its power to reach across national boundaries and into the smallest communities, carries with it the transformative power of new markets and new technology. At the same time, globalization brings with it new ideas and lifestyles that can conflict with traditional norms and values. And while the economic benefits are potentially enormous, the actual course of globalization has not been without its critics who charge that, to date, the gains have been very unevenly distributed, generating a new set of problems associated with rising inequality and social polarization. Regardless of how the globalization debate is resolved, it is clear that as broad global forces transform the world in which the next generation will live and work, the choices that today's young people make or others make on their behalf will facilitate or constrain their success as adults. Traditional expectations regarding future employment prospects and life experiences are no longer valid. Growing Up Global examines how the transition to adulthood is changing in developing countries, and what the implications of these changes might be for those responsible for designing youth policies and programs, in particular, those affecting adolescent reproductive health. The report sets forth a framework that identifies criteria for successful transitions in the context of contemporary global changes for five key adult roles: adult worker, citizen and community participant, spouse, parent, and household manager.
Describes changes in women's lives from ancient times to the last two centuries, and discusses how an expanding Islam both changed and was influenced by local customs.