[PDF] The Welfare Effects Of Quantity Constrained Price Subsidies eBook

Author : Marc Nerlove
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 32,69 MB
Release : 2014-05-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1483274683

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Household and Economy: Welfare Economics of Endogenous Fertility deals with welfare economics and the socially optimal population size, as well as the social consequences of individual choice with respect to family size within each generation. The general equilibrium implications of endogenous fertility for a number of issues of population policy are discussed. In addition to their own consumption, the number of children and the utility of each child is assumed to enter the utility function of the parents. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with a review of social welfare criteria for optimal population size and the static theory of optimal population size, optimal population growth with exogenous fertility, and the theory of endogenous fertility. The reader is then introduced to the basic principles of welfare economics and the economics of externalities, followed by a summary of the traditional theory of household behavior. Subsequent chapters focus on optimal population size according to various social welfare criteria; real and potential externalities generated by the endogeneity of fertility; and the principal alternative reason for having children: to transfer resources from the present to support the future consumption of parents in old age. The book concludes by assessing the implications of endogenous fertility for within-generation income distribution policies and reflecting on the directions in which future research may be fruitful. This monograph will be of value to economists, social scientists, students of welfare economics, and those who wish to understand the contribution of economic analysis to an improved understanding of population policy.

Author : Steven N. S. Cheung
Publisher : Hobart Papers (Paperback)
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 47,47 MB
Release : 1978
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN :

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For over 50 years economists have argued that where private costs or benefits differ from social costs or benefits - in noise, smells, congestion, pollution of the environment - there is a 'clear case' for government intervention to correct the divergence. This argument has been used to justify almost endless intervention. However, the original analysts of social costs/benefits were led into error by failing to test their propositions against the evidence of real life. Painstaking empirical studies clearly demonstrate these errors. A divergence between private and social cost is no decisive justification for government action to correct it. The costs of intervention often outweigh the social benefits. Moreover, the alleged 'externalities' are merely uncontracted effects. Under private property rights, the use of contracts to transact what have been regarded as 'external' effects is far more common than has been commonly recognised.

Author : Wolfgang Eichhorn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1021 pages
File Size : 49,72 MB
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 3642790372

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The literature on economic problems connected with measuring and modelling of welfare and inequality has grown rapidly within the last decade. Since this literature is scattered throughout a great number of journals on economics, economic theory, econometrics, and statisties, it is difficult to get an adequate picture of the present state of the art. Therefore books should appear from time to time, which offer a representative cross-section of the latest results of research on: the subject. This book offers such material. It contains 54 articles by 84 authors from four of the five continents. Each paper has been reviewed by two referees. As a conse quence, the contributions of this book are revised versions, or, in many cases, revised revisions of the original papers. The book is divided into four parts. Part I: Measurement of Inequality and Poverty This part contains eleven papers on theory and empirical applications of inequa lity and/or poverty measures. Two contributions deal with, among other things, experimental findings on questions concerning the acceptance of distributional axioms. Part II: Taxation and Redistribution Distributional or, rather, redistributional aspects play an important role in Part II. The topics of the 14 papers included in this part range from tax progressivity and redistribution, allocative consequences of splitting under income taxation, and connections between income tax and cost-of-living indices to merit goods and welfarism as well as to welfare aspects of tax reforms.

Author : Baoping Shang
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 37,38 MB
Release : 2021-06-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 151357339X

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Addressing the poverty and distributional impacts of carbon pricing reforms is critical for the success of ambitious actions in the fight against climate change. This paper uses a simple framework to systematically review the channels through which carbon pricing can potentially affect poverty and inequality. It finds that the channels differ in important ways along several dimensions. The paper also identifies several key gaps in the current literature and discusses some considerations on how policy designs could take into account the attributes of the channels in mitigating the impacts of carbon pricing reforms on households.

Author : Ian Parry
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 45,53 MB
Release : 1999
Category : Communication and traffic
ISBN :

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"The presence of preexisting tax distortions, and the form of revenue recycling, can crucially affect the size -- and possibly even the sign -- of the welfare effect of road pricing schemes. The efficiency gains from recycling congestion tax revenues in other tax reductions can amount to several times the Pigouvian welfare gains from congestion reduction"--Cover.

Author : Ian W. H. Parry
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,3 MB
Release : 2002
Category :
ISBN :

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This paper explores the interactions between taxes on work-related traffic congestion and pre-existing distortionary taxes in the labor market. A congestion tax raises the overall costs of commuting to work and discourages labor force participation. The resulting welfare loss in the labor market can easily exceed the Pigouvian welfare gain from internalizing the congestion externality! However if congestion tax revenues are used to reduce labor taxes the net impact on labor supply is positive, and this can raise the overall welfare gain from the congestion tax by around 100 percent. Nonetheless the optimal congestion tax still equals the Pigouvian tax.

Author : Roger Fouquet
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 33,54 MB
Release : 2018
Category : Environmental policy
ISBN : 9781786437365

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This major reference work brings together for the first time key articles on the economics of renewable energy. From a modest role as a backstop technology in the 1970s to a central role in low carbon transitions today, this collection reveals the emergence and growing importance of this sub-field of economics. Topics covered in this timely volume include the costs of renewable power (taking account of issues related to technological development, intermittency and interconnection), policies that promote renewable energy development, its public and private demand, and its impact on the environment and the economy. This indispensable collection is complemented by a comprehensive introduction that will serve as an essential source of reference for students and researchers.