[PDF] The Var Implementation Handbook Chapter 23 How Investors Face Financial Risk Loss Aversion And Wealth Allocation With Two Dimensional Individual Utility A Var Application eBook
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The following is a chapter from The VaR Implementation Handbook, which examines the latest strategies for measuring, managing, and modeling risk across a variety of applications. Packed with the insights, methods, and models that make experienced professionals competitive all over the world, this comprehensive guide features cutting-edge research and findings from some of the industry's most respected academics, practitioners, and consultants.
[flap] For investors, risk is about the odds of losing money, and Value at Risk (VaR) is grounded in that common-sense fact. VAR modeling answers, “What is my worst-case scenario?” and “How much could I lose in a really bad month?” However, there has not been an effective guidebook available to help investors and financial managers make their own VaR calculations--until now. The VaR Implementation Handbook is a hands-on road map for professionals who have a solid background in VaR but need the critical strategies, models, and insights to apply their knowledge in the real world. Heralded as “the new science of risk management,” VaR has emerged as the dominant methodology used by financial institutions and corporate treasuries worldwide for estimating precisely how much money is at risk each day in the financial markets. The VaR Implementation Handbook picks up where other books on the subject leave off and demonstrates how, with proper implementation, VaR can be a valuable tool for assessing risk in a variety of areas-from equity to structured and operational products. This complete guide thoroughly covers the three major areas of VaR implementation--measuring, modeling risk, and managing--in three convenient sections. Savvy professionals will keep this handbook at their fingertips for its: Reliable advice from 40 recognized experts working in universities and financial institutions around the world Effective methods and measures to ensure that implemented VaR models maintain optimal performance Up-to-date coverage on newly exposed areas of volatility, including derivatives Real-world prosperity requires making informed financial decisions. The VaR Implementation Handbook is a step-by-step playbook to getting the most out of VaR modeling so you can successfully manage financial risk.
Academic finance has had a remarkable impact on many financial services. Yet long-term investors have received curiously little guidance from academic financial economists. Mean-variance analysis, developed almost fifty years ago, has provided a basic paradigm for portfolio choice. This approach usefully emphasizes the ability of diversification to reduce risk, but it ignores several critically important factors. Most notably, the analysis is static; it assumes that investors care only about risks to wealth one period ahead. However, many investors—-both individuals and institutions such as charitable foundations or universities—-seek to finance a stream of consumption over a long lifetime. In addition, mean-variance analysis treats financial wealth in isolation from income. Long-term investors typically receive a stream of income and use it, along with financial wealth, to support their consumption. At the theoretical level, it is well understood that the solution to a long-term portfolio choice problem can be very different from the solution to a short-term problem. Long-term investors care about intertemporal shocks to investment opportunities and labor income as well as shocks to wealth itself, and they may use financial assets to hedge their intertemporal risks. This should be important in practice because there is a great deal of empirical evidence that investment opportunities—-both interest rates and risk premia on bonds and stocks—-vary through time. Yet this insight has had little influence on investment practice because it is hard to solve for optimal portfolios in intertemporal models. This book seeks to develop the intertemporal approach into an empirical paradigm that can compete with the standard mean-variance analysis. The book shows that long-term inflation-indexed bonds are the riskless asset for long-term investors, it explains the conditions under which stocks are safer assets for long-term than for short-term investors, and it shows how labor income influences portfolio choice. These results shed new light on the rules of thumb used by financial planners. The book explains recent advances in both analytical and numerical methods, and shows how they can be used to understand the portfolio choice problems of long-term investors.
The following is a chapter from The VaR Implementation Handbook, which examines the latest strategies for measuring, managing, and modeling risk across a variety of applications. Packed with the insights, methods, and models that make experienced professionals competitive all over the world, this comprehensive guide features cutting-edge research and findings from some of the industry's most respected academics, practitioners, and consultants.
The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report, published by the U.S. Government and the Financial Crisis Inquiry Commission in early 2011, is the official government report on the United States financial collapse and the review of major financial institutions that bankrupted and failed, or would have without help from the government. The commission and the report were implemented after Congress passed an act in 2009 to review and prevent fraudulent activity. The report details, among other things, the periods before, during, and after the crisis, what led up to it, and analyses of subprime mortgage lending, credit expansion and banking policies, the collapse of companies like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, and the federal bailouts of Lehman and AIG. It also discusses the aftermath of the fallout and our current state. This report should be of interest to anyone concerned about the financial situation in the U.S. and around the world.THE FINANCIAL CRISIS INQUIRY COMMISSION is an independent, bi-partisan, government-appointed panel of 10 people that was created to "examine the causes, domestic and global, of the current financial and economic crisis in the United States." It was established as part of the Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009. The commission consisted of private citizens with expertise in economics and finance, banking, housing, market regulation, and consumer protection. They examined and reported on "the collapse of major financial institutions that failed or would have failed if not for exceptional assistance from the government."News Dissector DANNY SCHECHTER is a journalist, blogger and filmmaker. He has been reporting on economic crises since the 1980's when he was with ABC News. His film In Debt We Trust warned of the economic meltdown in 2006. He has since written three books on the subject including Plunder: Investigating Our Economic Calamity (Cosimo Books, 2008), and The Crime Of Our Time: Why Wall Street Is Not Too Big to Jail (Disinfo Books, 2011), a companion to his latest film Plunder The Crime Of Our Time. He can be reached online at www.newsdissector.com.
We study how the wealth-allocation decisions and the loss aversion of non-professional investors change subject to behavioral factors. The optimal wealth assignment between risky and risk-free assets results within a VaR portfolio model, where risk is individually assessed according to an extended prospect-theory framework. We show how the past performance and the portfolio evaluation frequency impact investor behavior. Myopic loss aversion holds at different evaluation frequencies. One year is the optimal frequency at which, under practical constraints, risky holdings are maximized. Previous research using standard VaR-significance levels may underestimate the loss aversion of individual investors.
The following is a chapter from The VaR Implementation Handbook, which examines the latest strategies for measuring, managing, and modeling risk across a variety of applications. Packed with the insights, methods, and models that make experienced professionals competitive all over the world, this comprehensive guide features cutting-edge research and findings from some of the industry's most respected academics, practitioners, and consultants.
The following is a chapter from The VaR Implementation Handbook, which examines the latest strategies for measuring, managing, and modeling risk across a variety of applications. Packed with the insights, methods, and models that make experienced professionals competitive all over the world, this comprehensive guide features cutting-edge research and findings from some of the industry's most respected academics, practitioners, and consultants.
The following is a chapter from The VaR Implementation Handbook, which examines the latest strategies for measuring, managing, and modeling risk across a variety of applications. Packed with the insights, methods, and models that make experienced professionals competitive all over the world, this comprehensive guide features cutting-edge research and findings from some of the industry's most respected academics, practitioners, and consultants.
The following is a chapter from The VaR Implementation Handbook, which examines the latest strategies for measuring, managing, and modeling risk across a variety of applications. Packed with the insights, methods, and models that make experienced professionals competitive all over the world, this comprehensive guide features cutting-edge research and findings from some of the industry's most respected academics, practitioners, and consultants.