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Clyde Weed recovers and analyzes the largely lost history of the Republican party in the first half of the twentieth century. Exploring the internal dynamics of the GOP during those decades, Weed draws one a wide range of previously neglected sources to explore the fundamental transformation that the party experienced¿and in the process to shed new light, as well, on the ideology and positions of Republican politics today.
The period from 1850 to 1876 was the most transformative era in American history. During the course of this tumultuous quarter century Americans fought a bloody civil war, tried to settle the issue of state versus central government power, recognized the dominance of the new industrial economy over the older agricultural one, and ended slavery, long the shame of the nation. At the same time, a major political realignment occurred with the collapse of the "second American party system" and the emergence of a new party, the Republicans. But the defeat of slavery—the chief catalyst for the birth of the Republican party—was at best a limited success. The Constitution had been rewritten to abolish slavery and guarantee equal protection under the law, but social equality for African Americans and expanding freedom for others remained elusive throughout the nation. For these triumphs and enduring tragedy, the Republican party, which became in time and memory the party of Abraham Lincoln, bore primary responsibility. This collection of six original essays by some of America's most distinguished historians of the Civil War era examines the origins and evolution of the Republican party over the course of its first generation. The essays consider the party in terms of its identity, interests, ideology, images, and individuals, always with an eye to the ways the Republican party influenced midnineteenth-century concerns over national character, political power, race, and civil rights. The authors collectively extend their inquiries from the 1850s through the 1870s to understand the processes whereby the second American party system broke down, a new party and politics emerged, the Civil War came, and a new political and social order developed. They especially consider how ideas about freedom in the 1850s coalesced during war and Reconstruction to produce both an expanded call for political and civil rights for the ex-slaves and a concern over expanded federal involvement in the protection of those rights. By observing the transformation of a sectional party born in the 1850s into the "Grand Old Party" by the 1870s, the authors demonstrate that no modern political party, even the one that claims descent from Lincoln, has surpassed the accomplishments of the first generation of Republicans. Contributors— Jean H. Baker, Professor of History at Goucher College, Maryland, is author of Mary Todd Lincoln: A Biography. Eric Foner, DeWitt Clinton Professor of History at Columbia University, is author of Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863-1877, winner of the Bancroft Prize. Michael F. Holt, Langbourne M. Williams Professor of American History at the University of Virginia, is author of The Rise and Fall of the American Whig Party: Jacksonian Politics and the Onset of the Civil War. James M. McPherson, Professor of History at Princeton University, is author of Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era, winner of the Pulitzer Prize in history. Mark E. Neely, Jr., McCabe-Greer Professor in the American Civil War Era at Pennsylvania State University, is author of The Fate of Liberty: Abraham Lincoln and Civil Liberties, winner of the Pulitzer Prize in history. Phillip Shaw Paludan, Naomi Lynn Professor of Lincoln Studies at the University of Illinois at Springfield, is author of The Presidency of Abraham Lincoln, winner of the Lincoln Prize. Brooks D. Simpson, Professor of History at Arizona State University, is author of Ulysses S. Grant: Triumph over Adversity, 1822-1865.
*Includes pictures *Includes quotes by Republican leaders over the years *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading *Includes a table of contents 2016 has been one of the most unusual election years, and nothing represents the unprecedented nature more than the race for the Republican Party's presidential nomination, which featured over 15 candidates. As with most years, several candidates with various political experience, from former and current governors to Congressmen and Senators, ran, but the race also featured a number of political novices, one of whom is poised to be the party's nominee. In a sense, all of that is fitting given the winding nature of the Republican Party's history. Now dominant in the American South, the party was anathema in the South for more than a century. Likewise, if someone asked a man on the street in the early 1900s to describe the Republican Party, he might point to Teddy Roosevelt's efforts on behalf of progressive politics and conservation, whereas a few years later, the Party was known as a protector of big business, and later law and order. During the Reagan Era, the words "small government" came to characterize the party, even as its leaders took one hit after another for wanting to limit social spending. Republicans were in office at the start of the Depression and the end of the Vietnam War. Ultimately, the direction that the Republican Party has taken at any given time has been determined, for the most part, by the party leadership, which has traditionally made its voice most heard at the Republican National Convention, which convenes once every 4 years to nominate candidates for the presidency and vice-presidency. During its more than 150 years of existence, it has nominated saints and scoundrels, seen some men make it to the White House and others not. Its first successful candidate was assassinated, as was one of his successors a few decades later. It has survived through war and economic downturns, as well as the just as dangerous prosperity that seems to have been created by someone else. It remains one-half of the two party system that has almost always dominated American politics, even as many question its future. Of course, given the party's history, those who wonder how it will survive and move forward should probably take a look at what the party has already endured. The Grand Old Party: The History of the Republican Party examines the formation of the GOP and the twists and turns the party has taken during its history. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the GOP like never before.
It is undisputed that the Republican Party has changed dramatically since the 1940s and '50s. But the exact nature of that change - and how it came to be - remain subject to debate. Jeffrey Stonecash meticulously assesses the cumulative effect of a range of contentious issues in US politics to shed light on the decisions that party leaders have made to attract voters, the essence of today's party, and what this all means in terms of the current political climate.