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Even though firms play a key role in shaping wages, wage inequality and the gender wage gap, firms have so far only featured to a limited extent in the policy debates around these issues. The evidence in this volume shows that around one third of overall wage inequality can be explained by gaps in pay between firms rather than differences in the level and returns to workers’ skills.
The review analyses gender differences in job mobility and the earnings consequences of career breaks following childbirth to shed light on the evolution of the gender wage gap across the working life. To put results for Germany in context, they are systematically benchmarked to those of four nearby countries (i.e. Denmark, France, the Netherlands and Sweden). The policy discussion extends the empirical analysis by putting forward a comprehensive policy package with an emphasis on policies targeted at firms.
Two years into the pandemic, economic activity has recovered faster than expected. However, the labour market recovery is still uneven across sectors and is threatened by the economic fallout from Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, which has generated the fastest growing humanitarian crisis in Europe since World War II, sending shockwaves throughout the world economy. The 2022 edition of the OECD Employment Outlook reviews the key labour market and social challenges for a more inclusive post-COVID‐19 recovery.
OECD countries continue to face persistent gender inequalities in social and economic life. Young women often reach higher levels of education than young men, but remain under-represented in fields with the most lucrative careers.
Pay transparency policies are gaining momentum throughout the OECD. Over half of OECD countries require private sector firms to report their gender pay gap statistics regularly to stakeholders like employees, employee representatives, the government, and/or the public. Gender pay gap reporting, equal pay audits and other pay transparency policies help advance gender equality at the workplace.
The Israeli economy has rebounded strongly from the COVID-19 pandemic and has proven resilient to the repercussions of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine. Inflation has risen above the central bank’s target range amid strong demand and a tight labour market.
Gender equality is not just about fairness and equity; it is also about economic empowerment and economic growth. Estonia has made great strides towards gender equality. Girls today outperform boys in educational attainment, but they are less likely than boys to study mathematics or information and communication technology.
This report presents evidence on recent trends in career mobility and the consequences for individual workers in terms of pay and other job characteristics.
Following multiple global crises, there is an urgent need to review our economic and financial paradigms to improve outcomes for the three pillars of sustainable development: economic, social, and environmental. In response, various strands of new economic thinking have emerged such as degrowth, the collaborative economy, solidarity economy, sharing economy and social entrepreneurship. This book explores the various economic and financial dimensions of sustainable development drawing on new and existing theories. This comprehensive book is divided into four sections, each presenting the results of a team of international researchers, tackling the issue from a global, macroeconomic, and microeconomic approach. The first part examines the determinants of sustainable development in the global economy, while the second looks at enterprise in a sustainable world. The third section analyses the financial markets and the fourth addresses economic policy and sustainable development. A wide array of sustainability concerns are discussed in-depth, from analysing changes in environmental social, and governance reporting and assessing their impact on the information systems and reporting of economic entities; exploring the transition to 'Industry 5.0', and how technological innovation can be deployed to support a better fit and 'win-win' interaction between industry and society, shifting focus from economic and technological factors to important environmental and social dimensions. The monograph is an invaluable resource for scholars, researchers, and students of applied, development, growth, resource, and welfare economics. The policy recommendations will be of benefit to policymakers concerned with issues of sustainable development generally and the Sustainable Development Goals specifically.