[PDF] The Martyrdom Of The Franciscans eBook

Author : Christopher MacEvitt
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 23,66 MB
Release : 2020-03-06
Category : History
ISBN : 0812251938

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While hagiographies tell of Christian martyrs who have died in an astonishing number of ways and places, slain by members of many different groups, martyrdom in a Franciscan context generally meant death at Muslim hands; indeed, in Franciscan discourse, "death by Saracen" came to rival or even surpass other definitions of what made a martyr. The centrality of Islam to Franciscan conceptions of martyrdom becomes even more apparent—and problematic—when we realize that many of the martyr narratives were largely invented. Franciscan authors were free to choose the antagonist they wanted, Christopher MacEvitt observes, and they almost always chose Muslims. However, martyrdom in Franciscan accounts rarely leads to conversion of the infidel, nor is it accompanied, as is so often the case in earlier hagiographical accounts, by any miraculous manifestation. If the importance of preaching to infidels was written into the official Franciscan Rule of Order, the Order did not demonstrate much interest in conversion, and the primary efforts of friars in Muslim lands were devoted to preaching not to the native populations but to the Latin Christians—mercenaries, merchants, and captives—living there. Franciscan attitudes toward conversion and martyrdom changed dramatically in the beginning of the fourteenth century, however, when accounts of the martyrdom of four Franciscans said to have died while preaching in India were written. The speed with which the accounts of their martyrdom spread had less to do with the world beyond Christendom than with ecclesiastical affairs within, MacEvitt contends. The Martyrdom of the Franciscans shows how, for Franciscans, martyrdom accounts could at once offer veiled critique of papal policies toward the Order, a substitute for the rigorous pursuit of poverty, and a symbolic way to overcome Islam by denying Muslims the solace of conversion.

Author : Christopher MacEvitt
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 17,86 MB
Release : 2020-03-06
Category : History
ISBN : 081229677X

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A study of three hundred years of medieval Franciscan history that focuses on martyrdom While hagiographies tell of Christian martyrs who have died in an astonishing number of ways and places, slain by members of many different groups, martyrdom in a Franciscan context generally meant death at Muslim hands; indeed, in Franciscan discourse, "death by Saracen" came to rival or even surpass other definitions of what made a martyr. The centrality of Islam to Franciscan conceptions of martyrdom becomes even more apparent—and problematic—when we realize that many of the martyr narratives were largely invented. Franciscan authors were free to choose the antagonist they wanted, Christopher MacEvitt observes, and they almost always chose Muslims. However, martyrdom in Franciscan accounts rarely leads to conversion of the infidel, nor is it accompanied, as is so often the case in earlier hagiographical accounts, by any miraculous manifestation. If the importance of preaching to infidels was written into the official Franciscan Rule of Order, the Order did not demonstrate much interest in conversion, and the primary efforts of friars in Muslim lands were devoted to preaching not to the native populations but to the Latin Christians—mercenaries, merchants, and captives—living there. Franciscan attitudes toward conversion and martyrdom changed dramatically in the beginning of the fourteenth century, however, when accounts of the martyrdom of four Franciscans said to have died while preaching in India were written. The speed with which the accounts of their martyrdom spread had less to do with the world beyond Christendom than with ecclesiastical affairs within, MacEvitt contends. The Martyrdom of the Franciscans shows how, for Franciscans, martyrdom accounts could at once offer veiled critique of papal policies toward the Order, a substitute for the rigorous pursuit of poverty, and a symbolic way to overcome Islam by denying Muslims the solace of conversion.

Author : Mrs. Hope
Publisher : Forgotten Books
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 10,59 MB
Release : 2018-02
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9780267457571

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Excerpt from Franciscan Martyrs in England Sieur de Mareys was a gentleman attached to the French Embassy in London in the time of Charles I. His narrative of the martyrdoms of which he was an eye witness is very graphic. The present writer is indebted to F. Law's kindness for the use of a transcript of this scarce book, a full account of which will be found in F. Law's preface to Challoner's Memoirs, ed. J ack, 1878. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author : Anne Fulton Hope
Publisher : Hardpress Publishing
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 16,49 MB
Release : 2012-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9781290663656

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Unlike some other reproductions of classic texts (1) We have not used OCR(Optical Character Recognition), as this leads to bad quality books with introduced typos. (2) In books where there are images such as portraits, maps, sketches etc We have endeavoured to keep the quality of these images, so they represent accurately the original artefact. Although occasionally there may be certain imperfections with these old texts, we feel they deserve to be made available for future generations to enjoy.

Author :
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 541 pages
File Size : 39,6 MB
Release : 2012-12-10
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9004231307

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Francis of Assisi, whose Gospel performance captured the imagination of his day, fostered a movement of men and women who were fascinated by the transformative power of the embodied Word. Learned or unlettered, theologian or penitent, their shared conviction took form in various gestures, languages, and literary genres. For their part, medieval artisans and craftsmen reflected this Franciscan predilection to preach in architecture, frescoes, and reliquaries. In Franciscans and Preaching, scholars from Europe and North Amercia offer the first extensive English language study of medieval Franciscan preaching. Contributors are C. Colt Anderson, Joshua C. Benson, Michael W. Blastic, Jay M. Hammond, J.A. Wayne Hellmann, Timothy J. Johnson, Beverly M. Kienzle, Francesco Lucchini, Steven J. McMichael, Alison More, Stephen Mossman, Patrick Nold, Darleen Pryds, Amanda Quantz, Bert Roest, Michael Robson, Francisco Javier Rojo Alique, and Nicholas W. Youmans.

Author : Norman Scott Johnson
Publisher :
Page : 576 pages
File Size : 39,27 MB
Release : 2010
Category : Christian martyrs
ISBN : 9781124197654

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"I begin with an analysis of the missionary ideals of Francis of Assisi in the context of earlier Christian missionary traditions and encounters with Islam. In my second chapter I examine the ways in which Franciscan hagiographers, including Thomas of Celano and Bonaventure, elaborated upon Francis's missionary experience, linking his mission and exposure to martyrdom with his reception of the wounds of the stigmata, establishing an enduring motif linking Francis with martyrdom. I then look at the missions of the early Franciscans martyred in North Africa in the 1220s, tracing the legacy of the Franciscan 'Protomartys' through the figure of St. Anthony of Padua, who converted to the order through their example. I show how thirteenth-century Franciscan martyrology intersected with crusading interests. Next I examine missions across Mongol Asia, c. 1290-1340. Focusing on the martyrdom of four Franciscans at Thana, India, I show how Franciscans translated this experience from India to Italy, noting the important role of the famous travelogue of Odorico da Pordenone, while distinguishing the different ways that the disputing factions of Spiritual and Conventual Franciscans appropriated these ideas at this time. In my last chapter I discuss missionary activities in Mamluk Egypt, Syria and the Holy Land, c. 1350-1440, charting the formation of a more aggressive promotion of voluntary martyrdom as demonstrated in the martyrdom of Nikola Taveliae and companions at Jerusalem in 1391, and in later reiterations of this approach by figures such as Alberto da Sarteano and those behind an anonymous Tractatus de martyrio, c. 1437. In an epilogue I trace out implications of this Franciscan martyrial tradition in two formal canonizations of Franciscan martyrs in 1481 and in 1970"--Pages ix-x.

Author : David Burr
Publisher : Penn State Press
Page : 425 pages
File Size : 15,49 MB
Release : 2015-09-30
Category : Religion
ISBN : 0271074728

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Winner of the 2002 John Gilmary Shea Prize and the 2002 Howard R. Marraro Prize of the American Catholic Historical Association. When Saint Francis of Assisi died in 1226, he left behind an order already struggling to maintain its identity. As the Church called upon Franciscans to be bishops, professors, and inquisitors, their style of life began to change. Some in the order lamented this change and insisted on observing the strict poverty practiced by Francis himself. Others were more open to compromise. Over time, this division evolved into a genuine rift, as those who argued for strict poverty were marginalized within the order. In this book, David Burr offers the first comprehensive history of the so-called Spiritual Franciscans, a protest movement within the Franciscan order. Burr shows that the movement existed more or less as a loyal opposition in the late thirteenth century, but by 1318 Pope John XXII and leaders of the order had combined to force it beyond the boundaries of legitimacy. At that point the loyal opposition turned into a heretical movement and recalcitrant friars were sent to the stake. Although much has been written about individual Spiritual Franciscan leaders, there has been no general history of the movement since 1932. Few people are equipped to tackle the voluminous documentary record and digest the sheer mass of research generated by Franciscan scholars in the last century. Burr, one of the world's leading authorities on the Franciscans, has given us a book that will define the field for years to come.