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The Mandarin VP deals with a number of constructions in Mandarin Chinese which involve the main verb and the material following it, like the object NPs, resultative phrases, durative expressions and other elements. The basis claim defended in this book is that all elements that follow the main verb in a Mandarin sentence form one single constituent which functions as the complement of the verb. The Mandarin VP offers new and original analyses of such hot issues as resultative constructions, the ba-construction and verb-le. In addition, the conclusions drawn from the research into Mandarin syntax are discussed in more general theoretic terms, which leads to original proposals regarding the internal make-up of accomplishments and the status of Theta Theory. The research reported on in this book was concluded within the bounds of mainstream generative theorizing. The Mandarin VP is of interest to all syntacticians, especially those interested in Chinese.
This thesis investigates a newly developed construction, "you + VP," in Mandarin Chinese. The semantic function, syntactic distribution, as well as the co-occurrence restrictions of you and verbs are examined in this work. Given that "you + VP" construction is fairly new in Mandarin Chinese, a rating system on the scale of 1 - 4 is used throughout the work to ensure the acceptability of example sentences. First, by showing the compatibility of you and viewpoint aspects in Mandarin Chinese and by examining the differences between you and the perfective suffix -le, I argue that the pre-predicate you in "you + VP" construction is not an alternative of perfective -le, as proposed in previous literature (e.g., Tsai, 2012; Shi, 2004; Jing, 2005; Chen and Wang, 2010; among others). In fact, the pre-predicate you does not itself express aspectual information. Semantically, the pre-predicate you asserts the existence of a certain event. When the situation denoted by the VP following you is non-specific, you asserts at least one occurrence of the situation. When the situation is specific, on the other hand, you asserts the existence of the bounded situation (c.f. Lee, 2018). In other words, the pre-predicate you must select a bounded situation that has an initial endpoint and a final endpoint. Chapter three, four, and five investigate the syntactic distributions of "you + VP." By inspecting the co-occurrence conditions of "you + VP" and Chinese modals, I propose that you is above vP and under deontic modals. The full hierarchy is as follows: Epistemic modals> TP> AspP> Deontic modals> YouP> vP> Dynamic modals. In addition, the structure accounts for the ill-formed "you + VP + le" sequence, which results from the failure of covertly moving "V-le" from v to Asp. Moreover, the fact that multiple aspect markers can co-occur suggest that there are multiple aspect projections in MC, following the sequence: TP> Asp perfective> MP deontic> YouP> Asp perfect> Asp progressive> Asp durative> vP. The inspection of verbs in "you + VP" construction suggests that you selects verbs with an external argument (Chapter 4). Still, more tests are required to determine the generalizability of "you + VP" construction serving as a test to distinguish between different types of verbs. Further examination of "you + VP" in embedded clauses reveals that you is sensitive to the complement and adjunct distinction (Chapter 5). However, the more acceptable adverbial clauses of reason and condition call for future research in this direction
Hongyin Tao provides a new way of studying grammar based on the prosodic or intonation unit in spontaneous speech, rather than focusing on the unit of the artificially constructed sentence. Some notions developed from sentence-level data often do not account well for speech data. Contrary to the notion that the basic syntactic structure of a sentence comprises of both an NP and a VP, the author shows that a Mandarin sentence in spoken discourse can consist of a lone NP or a transitive verbal expression without any explicit argument (not anaphora). The author proposes the speech unit as one with which the grammar of Mandarin can better be understood. The book is of interest to scholars of discourse analysis, syntax, prosody, typology as well as of the Mandarin language.
This collection of papers celebrates the work of Jeanette K. Gundel, who has contributed to the field of the grammar-pragmatics interface through her publications on the syntactic realization of topic and comment and the cognitive status of referring expressions, as well as by inspiring colleagues to make contributions to the overall field of pragmatics. This volume collects together papers from colleagues and former students on pragmatics and syntax, pragmatics and reference, and pragmatics and social variables. The volume includes papers devoted to explicating the grammar-pragmatics interface, with the focus of the papers ranging from Gricean and post-Gricean pragmatics, construction grammar, and genre theory to formal semantics, as well as papers devoted to expanding on Gundel's own original approach to factors such as the cognitive status decisions underlying speakers' choice of referring expression and the topic and focus decisions underlying speakers' choice of syntactic construction.
This book contains 51 chapters based on papers presented at the GALA (Generative Approaches to Language Acquisition) conference held in Thessaloniki, Greece, in 2011. It thus reflects the GALA 2011 scientific presentations and discussions and raises issues that are currently at the centre of language acquisition research. Such issues examined in this volume include first and second language acquisition and processing by children and adults; language acquisition by individuals with linguistic and/or cognitive impairment; and cross-linguistic comparisons in (a)typical language acquisition. As such, Advances in Language Acquisition constitutes a valuable reference guide for current work on the interdisciplinary research field of language acquisition.
Author : Tibor Kiss Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG Page : 938 pages File Size : 15,67 MB Release : 2015-11-13 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines ISBN : 3110393158
This Handbook represents the development of research and the current level of knowledge in the fields of syntactic theory and syntax analysis. Syntax can look back to a long tradition. Especially in the last 50 years, however, the interaction between syntactic theory and syntactic analysis has led to a rapid increase in analyses and theoretical suggestions. This second edition of the Handbook on Syntax adopts a unifying perspective and therefore does not place the division of syntactic theory into several schools to the fore, but the increase in knowledge resulting from the fruitful argumentations between syntactic analysis and syntactic theory. It uses selected phenomena of individual languages and their cross-linguistic realizations to explain what syntactic analyses can do and at the same time to show in what respects syntactic theories differ from each other. It investigates how syntax is related to neighbouring disciplines and investigate the role of the interfaces especially the relationship between syntax and phonology, morphology, compositional semantics, pragmatics, and the lexicon. The phenomena chosen bring together renowned experts in syntax, and represent the consensus reached as to what has to be considered as an important as well as illustrative syntactic phenomenon. The phenomena discuss do not only serve to show syntactic analyses, but also to compare theoretical approaches with each other.
This volume brings together 19 cutting edge studies written by some of the most prominent linguists working on Chinese formal syntax, as a Festschrift volume dedicated to Yen-Hui Audrey Li. The contributions to the volume address a wide range of issues currently developing in the field of Chinese syntax, grouped into five thematic sections on the structure of lexical and functional projections, modal verb syntax, syntax-semantics interactions, the syntax and interpretation of particles, and the acquisition of syntactic structures. With its rich descriptive content sourced from different varieties of Chinese, and its theoretical orientation and analyses, the book provides an important new resource both for researchers with a primary interest in Chinese and other linguists interested in discovering how properties of Chinese can inform the analysis of other languages.
Author : C. T. James Huang Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 694 pages File Size : 49,21 MB Release : 2018-03-20 Category : Foreign Language Study ISBN : 1119457076
The Handbook of Chinese Linguistics is the first comprehensive introduction to Chinese linguistics from the perspective of modern theoretical and formal linguistics. Containing twenty-five chapters, the book offers a balanced, accessible and thoughtfully organized introduction to some of the most important results of research into Chinese linguistics carried out by theoretical linguists during the last thirty years. Presenting critical overviews of a wide range of major topics, it is the first to meet the great demand for an overview volume on core areas of Chinese linguistics. Authoritative contributions describe and assess the major achievements and controversies of research undertaken in each area, and provide bibliographies for further reading. The contributors refer both to their own work in relevant fields, and objectively present a range of competitor theories and analyses, resulting in a volume that is fully comprehensive in its coverage of theoretical research into Chinese linguistics in recent years. This unique Handbook is suitable both as a primary reader for structured, taught courses on Chinese linguistics at university level, and for individual study by graduates and other professional linguists.