[PDF] The Efficacy Of The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Npdes Permit As A Management Tool Under The Clean Water Act Cwa eBook

Author : Wade H. Shafer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 48,64 MB
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 1461528321

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Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS) * at Purdue University in 1 957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all con cerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an interna tional publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Cor poration of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 36 (thesis year 1991) a total of 11,024 thesis titles from 23 Canadian and 161 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. While Volume 36 reports theses submitted in 1991, on occasion, certain univer sities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.

Author : U S Government Accountability Office (G
Publisher : BiblioGov
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 46,9 MB
Release : 2013-07
Category :
ISBN : 9781289155414

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GAO reviewed compliance with and the effectiveness of the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES). NPDES was established by the Clean Water Act to limit the type and amount of pollution that a municipal or industrial facility may legally discharge into the nation's waterways. Under NPDES, discharge permits are issued, and GAO found that noncompliance with permit limits was widespread, frequent, and significant. Specifically, GAO estimated that 82 percent of the major dischargers sampled in six states exceeded their monthly average pollution permit limits at least once during an 18-month period and that 31 percent of those dischargers exceeding their limits were in significant noncompliance during that period. GAO stated that current enforcement practices allow noncompliance to continue for long periods and that thousands of dischargers have not been issued permits or hold expired permits. GAO noted that federal funding of water quality programs has significantly declined in recent years.

Author :
Publisher :
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 40,72 MB
Release : 1993
Category : Coastal zone management
ISBN :

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"Thie document developed by NOAA and EPA, contains guidance for states in developing and implementing their coastal nonpoint programs. It describes the requirements that must be met, including: the geographic scope of the pgoram; the pollutant sources to be addressed; the types of management measures used; the administrative coordination; and, the process for program submission and Federal approval. The document also contains the criteria by which NOAA and EPA will review the states' submissions. This document should be used in conjunction with the Guidance specifying management measures for sources of nonpoint pollution in coastal waters published by EPA in January 1993"--Foreword

Author : United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher :
Page : 190 pages
File Size : 28,59 MB
Release : 1976
Category : Environmental permits
ISBN :

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"In a December 10, 1974, letter, the Chairman, Subcommittee on Investigations and Review, House Committee on Public Works and Transportation, asked us to review the status and reasonablieness of permits issued by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the States under the National Pullutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) established by the Federal Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 (33 U.S.C. 1251)... Our review of the NPDES permit program was conducted at EPA headquarters and in regions III and V. We reviewed 120 municipal permits and 50 industrial permits issued to dischargers in four States -- Delaware, Pennsylvania, Illinois, and Wisconsin. We interviewed officials at EPA headquarters in Washington, D.C.; EPA regional offices in Chicago (region V) and Philadelphia (region III); and State water pollution control agencies or departments in Dover, Delaware; Springfield, Illinois; Harrisburg, Pennsylvania; and Madison, Wisconsin. We also contacted and obtained information from 29 municipalities of their consulting engineers and 17 industrial dischargers and examined pertinent Federal and State agencies' documents, records, and other literature."--p.1, 3.

Author : U. S. Environmental Agency
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 27,79 MB
Release : 2015-06-17
Category :
ISBN : 9781514380543

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EPA has developed the Voluntary National Guidelines for Management of Onsite and Clustered (Decentralized) Wastewater Treatment Systems to raise the level of performance of onsite and clustered wastewater treatment systems through improved management programs. Decentralized wastewater treatment systems are defined here as individual onsite or clustered wastewater systems (commonly referred to as septic systems, private sewage systems, individual sewage treatment systems, onsite sewage disposal systems, or "package" plants) used to collect, treat, and disperse or reclaim wastewater from individual dwellings, businesses, or small communities and service areas. Such systems may provide an alternative to conventional centralized wastewater systems. However, any onsite or clustered wastewater treatment system that discharges pollutants from a point source to waters of the United States is subject to the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) program under the Clean Water Act (CWA). Such discharge is illegal and subject to enforcement action unless it is authorized by an NPDES permit issued by an authorized state or tribe or by EPA. Onsite and clustered systems can be protective of public health and water quality if they are properly planned, sited, designed, constructed, installed, operated, and maintained. EPA is issuing this guidance to raise the quality of management programs, suggest minimum levels of activity, and encourage institutionalizing the concept of management. Implementation of the Management Guidelines can help communities meet water quality and public health goals, provide a greater range of options for cost-effectively meeting wastewater needs, and protect consumers' investment in home and business ownership. In a number of instances, decentralized wastewater treatment systems without proper management programs have failed in the long term because of lack of proper operation and/or maintenance and have had to be replaced by centralized systems. If centralized collection systems are feasible, decentralized systems are recommended only where there is assurance of an enforceable management system consistent with this strategy, including long-term financial and technical capacity for operation and maintenance.