[PDF] The Advanced Geometry Of Plane Curves And Their Applications eBook

Author : C. Zwikker
Publisher : Courier Corporation
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 41,55 MB
Release : 2011-11-30
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0486153436

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"Of chief interest to mathematicians, but physicists and others will be fascinated ... and intrigued by the fruitful use of non-Cartesian methods. Students ... should find the book stimulating." — British Journal of Applied Physics This study of many important curves, their geometrical properties, and their applications features material not customarily treated in texts on synthetic or analytic Euclidean geometry. Its wide coverage, which includes both algebraic and transcendental curves, extends to unusual properties of familiar curves along with the nature of lesser known curves. Informative discussions of the line, circle, parabola, ellipse, and hyperbola presuppose only the most elementary facts. The less common curves — cissoid, strophoid, spirals, the leminscate, cycloid, epicycloid, cardioid, and many others — receive introductions that explain both their basic and advanced properties. Derived curves-the involute, evolute, pedal curve, envelope, and orthogonal trajectories-are also examined, with definitions of their important applications. These range through the fields of optics, electric circuit design, hydraulics, hydrodynamics, classical mechanics, electromagnetism, crystallography, gear design, road engineering, orbits of subatomic particles, and similar areas in physics and engineering. The author represents the points of the curves by complex numbers, rather than the real Cartesian coordinates, an approach that permits simple, direct, and elegant proofs.

Author : J.W. Rutter
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 20,68 MB
Release : 2018-10-03
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 1482285673

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Interest in the study of geometry is currently enjoying a resurgence-understandably so, as the study of curves was once the playground of some very great mathematicians. However, many of the subject's more exciting aspects require a somewhat advanced mathematics background. For the "fun stuff" to be accessible, we need to offer students an introduction with modest prerequisites, one that stimulates their interest and focuses on problem solving. Integrating parametric, algebraic, and projective curves into a single text, Geometry of Curves offers students a unique approach that provides a mathematical structure for solving problems, not just a catalog of theorems. The author begins with the basics, then takes students on a fascinating journey from conics, higher algebraic and transcendental curves, through the properties of parametric curves, the classification of limaçons, envelopes, and finally to projective curves, their relationship to algebraic curves, and their application to asymptotes and boundedness. The uniqueness of this treatment lies in its integration of the different types of curves, its use of analytic methods, and its generous number of examples, exercises, and illustrations. The result is a practical text, almost entirely self-contained, that not only imparts a deeper understanding of the theory, but inspires a heightened appreciation of geometry and interest in more advanced studies.

Author : Vladimir Igorevich Arnolʹd
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 70 pages
File Size : 49,36 MB
Release : 1994
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0821803085

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This book describes recent progress in the topological study of plane curves. The theory of plane curves is much richer than knot theory, which may be considered the commutative version of the theory of plane curves. This study is based on singularity theory: the infinite-dimensional space of curves is subdivided by the discriminant hypersurfaces into parts consisting of generic curves of the same type. The invariants distinguishing the types are defined by their jumps at the crossings of these hypersurfaces. Arnold describes applications to the geometry of caustics and of wavefronts in symplectic and contact geometry. These applications extend the classical four-vertex theorem of elementary plane geometry to estimates on the minimal number of cusps necessary for the reversion of a wavefront and to generalizations of the last geometrical theorem of Jacobi on conjugated points on convex surfaces. These estimates open a new chapter in symplectic and contact topology: the theory of Lagrangian and Legendrian collapses, providing an unusual and far-reaching higher-dimensional extension of Sturm theory of the oscillations of linear combinations of eigenfunctions.

Author : T. H. Eagles
Publisher : Forgotten Books
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 40,55 MB
Release : 2017-09-11
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781528544832

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Excerpt from Constructive Geometry of Plane Curves: With Numerous Examples I can say from experience that the practice of sketching a curve freehand through a series of previously found points is a most valuable element in teaching mechanical drawing, while the finding the points furnishes abundant exercise in handling square and compasses, and impresses on the student in a very striking manner the necessity for neatness and accuracy in their use. Each problem may of course be drawn on paper without reference to the proof of the principle on which its con struction depends, but I consider that for the advanced student at any rate it must be much more satisfactory to work with as complete an insight as possible into the methods he is using instead of groping along by mere rule of thumb, so that in nearly all cases notes in proof of the property made use of have been added, although such proofs may be found in numerous published works, and are indeed so completely common property that I have not thought it necessary to give direct references to the pages from which they have been taken. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author : Gerd Fischer
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 46,30 MB
Release : 2001
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0821821229

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This is an excellent introduction to algebraic geometry, which assumes only standard undergraduate mathematical topics: complex analysis, rings and fields, and topology. Reading this book will help establish the geometric intuition that lies behind the more advanced ideas and techniques used in the study of higher-dimensional varieties.