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"This volume explores transportation technologies that enable congestion pricing. This document contains the following: the functional processes for tolling and congestion pricing; what technologies there are to consider; how the technologies are applied; examples of how technologies have been applied; what technologies may make it work better in the future"--p. 2.
States and local jurisdictions are increasingly discussing congestion pricing as a strategy for improving transportation system performance. This book provides an overview on congestion pricing; non-toll pricing; technologies that enable congestion pricing; technologies that complement congestion pricing; transit and congestion pricing; and income-based equity impacts of congestion pricing.
States and local jurisdictions are increasingly discussing congestion pricing as a strategy for improving transportation system performance. This book provides an overview on congestion pricing; non-toll pricing; technologies that enable congestion pricing; technologies that complement congestion pricing; transit and congestion pricing; and income-based equity impacts of congestion pricing.
This thesis makes three related contributions to the broad literature on congestion pricing. First, it examines three policy dimensions that underlie pricing: the economic arguments that motivate it, the technological options that enable it, and the equity concerns raised by its implementation. The thesis unites these dimensions and shows that not only can they be in tension with each other, but they also collectively affect pricing's public acceptance. Second, a new framework is proposed that roots the public rejection of congestion pricing along the dimensions of inequity and uncertainty, influenced by societal views and institutional issues. Using this framework, a number of political problems including collective action, credible commitment, free riding and loss aversion are posed as specific combinations of perceived inequity and uncertainty about congestion pricing's benefits and costs. Societal views are then shown to moderate the public's sentiment about this policy. Afterwards, this framework is linked to institutional issues, particularly the political process that could constrain and block the approval of a congestion pricing program. Finally, the thesis evaluates the effectiveness of pricing as a policy tool. The impacts of congestion pricing-both positive and negative-are first considered. Afterwards, the thesis compares pricing to a small subset of other congestion mitigation options, including taxing vehicle miles traveled, regulating automobile ownership, and regulating and taxing parking supply. The revenue generating potential of these tools is also reviewed. Throughout the thesis, evidence is drawn from both successful (e.g., London, Stockholm and Singapore) and failed (e.g., New York City, Edinburgh, Manchester and Hong Kong) attempts to introduce congestion pricing. The research concludes by delineating a number of important considerations when exploring pricing as an option to mitigate traffic congestion.
"To raise awareness of land use and frame the issues for future research and discussion, the ULI Infrastructure Initiative convened a group of experts, including leaders representing transportation and land development, to participate in workshops and interviews conducted in the summer of 2012. Study participants explored scenarios constructed as part of a thought experiment on how land development in metropolitan areas would be affected by the spread of congestion pricing, the expansion of tolled highways, or the adoption of taxes on vehicle-miles travelled (VMT). The ULI Infrastructure Initiative also developed five brief case studies of tolling in Florida, Texas, California, Colorado and Maryland. The case studies illustrate the different policy options for managing travel reliability, traffic volume, travel speeds, and revenue targets and for integrating tolling and transit service. They also explore how these new tolled facilities are being coordinated with land use and development."--Executive summary, P. 1.
TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 686: Road Pricing: Public Perceptions and Program Development explores road pricing concepts and their potential effectiveness and applicability. The report includes guidelines for project planning and integrating pricing into regional and state planning processes, and for communicating strategies and engaging affected parties.
The automotive industry appears close to substantial change engendered by “self-driving” technologies. This technology offers the possibility of significant benefits to social welfare—saving lives; reducing crashes, congestion, fuel consumption, and pollution; increasing mobility for the disabled; and ultimately improving land use. This report is intended as a guide for state and federal policymakers on the many issues that this technology raises.