[PDF] Spationtemporal Population Genomics Of Marine Species eBook

Author : Eleanor Kathleen Bors
Publisher :
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 35,46 MB
Release : 2017
Category : DNA.
ISBN :

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Every genome tells a story. This dissertation contains four such stories, focused on shared themes of marine population dynamics and rapid change, with an emphasis on invasive marine species. Biological invasions are often characterized by a range expansion, during which strong genetic drift is hypothesized to result in decreased genetic diversity with increased distance from the center of the historic range, or the point of invasion. In this dissertation, population genetic and genomic tools are used to approach complex and previously intractable fundamental questions pertaining to the non-equilibrium dynamics of species invasions and rapid range expansions in two invasive marine species: the lionfish, Pterois volitans; and the shrimp, Palaemon macrodactylus. Using thousands of loci sequenced with restriction enzyme associated DNA sequencing in these two systems, this research tests theoretical predictions of the genomic signatures of range expansions. Additionally, the first chapter elucidates patterns of population genetic connectivity for deep-sea invertebrates in the New Zealand region demonstrating intimate relationships between genetics, oceanographic currents, and life history traits. Invasive shrimp results extend our understanding of marine population connectivity to suggest that human-mediated dispersal may be as important-- if not more important--than oceanographic and life history considerations in determining genetic connectivity during specific phases of marine invasions. In invasive populations of lionfish, measures of genomic diversity, including a difference between observed and expected heterozygosity, were found to correlate with distance from the point of introduction, even in the absence of spatial metapopulation genetic structure. These results indicate a signal of rapid range expansion. The final study in this dissertation uses an innovative temporal approach to explore observed genomic patterns in the lionfish. In all, this dissertation provides a broad perspective through the study of multiple species undergoing superficially parallel processes that, under more intense scrutiny, are found to be mechanistically unique. It is only through comparative approaches that predictable patterns of population dynamics will emerge.

Author : Marjorie F. Oleksiak
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 23,86 MB
Release : 2019-12-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 3030379361

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Population genomics has provided unprecedented opportunities to unravel the mysteries of marine organisms in the oceans' depths. The world's oceans, which make up 70% of our planet, encompass diverse habitats and host numerous unexplored populations and species. Population genomics studies of marine organisms are rapidly emerging and have the potential to transform our understanding of marine populations, species, and ecosystems, providing insights into how these organisms are evolving and how they respond to different stimuli and environments. This knowledge is critical for understanding the fundamental aspects of marine life, how marine organisms will respond to environmental changes, and how we can better protect and preserve marine biodiversity and resources. This book brings together leading experts in the field to address critical aspects of fundamental and applied research in marine species and share their research and insights crucial for understanding marine ecosystem diversity and function. It also discusses the challenges, opportunities and future perspectives of marine population genomics.

Author : Eleanor Kathleen Bors
Publisher :
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 10,87 MB
Release : 2017
Category : DNA.
ISBN :

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Every genome tells a story. This dissertation contains four such stories, focused on shared themes of marine population dynamics and rapid change, with an emphasis on invasive marine species. Biological invasions are often characterized by a range expansion, during which strong genetic drift is hypothesized to result in decreased genetic diversity with increased distance from the center of the historic range, or the point of invasion. In this dissertation, population genetic and genomic tools are used to approach complex and previously intractable fundamental questions pertaining to the non-equilibrium dynamics of species invasions and rapid range expansions in two invasive marine species: the lionfish, Pterois volitans; and the shrimp, Palaemon macrodactylus. Using thousands of loci sequenced with restriction enzyme associated DNA sequencing in these two systems, this research tests theoretical predictions of the genomic signatures of range expansions. Additionally, the first chapter elucidates patterns of population genetic connectivity for deep-sea invertebrates in the New Zealand region demonstrating intimate relationships between genetics, oceanographic currents, and life history traits. Invasive shrimp results extend our understanding of marine population connectivity to suggest that human-mediated dispersal may be as important - if not more important - than oceanographic and life history considerations in determining genetic connectivity during specific phases of marine invasions. In invasive populations of lionfish, measures of genomic diversity, including a difference between observed and expected heterozygosity, were found to correlate with distance from the point of introduction, even in the absence of spatial metapopulation genetic structure. These results indicate a signal of rapid range expansion. The final study in this dissertation uses an innovative temporal approach to explore observed genomic patterns in the lionfish. In all, this dissertation provides a broad perspective through the study of multiple species undergoing superficially parallel processes that, under more intense scrutiny, are found to be mechanistically unique. It is only through comparative approaches that predictable patterns of population dynamics will emerge.

Author : Antonio M. Solé-Cava
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 50,11 MB
Release : 2000-05-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780792361473

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International Workshop on Marine Genetics - Rio 98

Author : Abigail Jean Fusaro
Publisher :
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 47,90 MB
Release : 2008
Category : Hydrothermal vent ecology
ISBN :

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(Cont.) Temporal population genetic consideration at the Tica site on the East Pacific Rise suggests that the 2005-2006 seafloor eruption had little to no discernable effect on local population genetic composition. Yet local populations appear to exhibit a small degree of genetic patchiness, with a high degree of relatedness (half-sibs) among subsets of individuals within both colonist and resident cohorts. This thesis broadens the application of recently developed molecular techniques to study the effect of ridge-crest processes and offers new perspectives into marine dispersal, gene flow, and population differentiation.

Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 23,55 MB
Release : 2024-04-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0850140579

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This book examines the importance of DNA molecules as fundamental genomic elements in different types of organisms. In recent years, a wide range of tools and techniques have become available to investigate the versatility of genomic variabilities, exchanges, and differentiations. This book presents data and information from population genetics and evolutionary biology, making it a useful resource for scientists worldwide.

Author : Yuri Kartavtsev
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 10,94 MB
Release : 2015-08-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 1498701612

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Research in modern experimental and theoretical population genetics has been strengthened by advances in molecular techniques for the analysis of genetic variability. The evolutionary relationships of organisms may be investigated by comparing DNA sequences. This book covers chapters on population genetics, DNA polymorphism, genetic homeostasis, an

Author : Brendan Hill Cornwell
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 26,26 MB
Release : 2018
Category :
ISBN : 9780438289383

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Marine species living in the intertidal zone face a wide range of environmental conditions that vary across spatial scales ranging from centimeters to thousands of kilometers. Environmental variation at these spatial scales can impact biotic interactions including symbiotic partnerships that form the foundations of many marine ecosystems; one of the best known is the interaction between cnidarians and the dinoflagellate Symbiodinium spp. The success of this interaction is environmentally dependent, and in extreme cases can break down, often leading to the death of the host. Here, I take a population genomic approach to examine the spatial scales over which the host and symbiont might be able to match a set of local environmental conditions using a group of temperate anemones in the genus Anthopleura and their symbiont partners S. muscatinei. I show that host and symbiont populations are genetically structured at vastly different spatial scales. Genetic structure between host populations is only apparent between host populations separated by 100’s or 1000’s of kilometers and suggests that these populations can only match environmental conditions that vary across spatial scales of the same magnitude. Conversely, symbiont populations exhibit population genetic structure between geographic locations separated by 100s of km, but also within the intertidal zone, suggesting that environmental conditions varying over centimeters to meters select for genetically distinct symbiont strains. Finally, I describe patterns of introgression between three of the host species, and begin to identify regions of the genomes where gene flow between species is likely.

Author : David Tilman
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 47,89 MB
Release : 2018-06-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 069118836X

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Spatial Ecology addresses the fundamental effects of space on the dynamics of individual species and on the structure, dynamics, diversity, and stability of multispecies communities. Although the ecological world is unavoidably spatial, there have been few attempts to determine how explicit considerations of space may alter the predictions of ecological models, or what insights it may give into the causes of broad-scale ecological patterns. As this book demonstrates, the spatial structure of a habitat can fundamentally alter both the qualitative and quantitative dynamics and outcomes of ecological processes. Spatial Ecology highlights the importance of space to five topical areas: stability, patterns of diversity, invasions, coexistence, and pattern generation. It illustrates both the diversity of approaches used to study spatial ecology and the underlying similarities of these approaches. Over twenty contributors address issues ranging from the persistence of endangered species, to the maintenance of biodiversity, to the dynamics of hosts and their parasitoids, to disease dynamics, multispecies competition, population genetics, and fundamental processes relevant to all these cases. There have been many recent advances in our understanding of the influence of spatially explicit processes on individual species and on multispecies communities. This book synthesizes these advances, shows the limitations of traditional, non-spatial approaches, and offers a variety of new approaches to spatial ecology that should stimulate ecological research.

Author :
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 45,12 MB
Release : 2008
Category :
ISBN :

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Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution September 2008.