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Comprises a collection of articles analysing Zimbabwe's social policy from the pre-independence period to 1995. Highlights problems experienced in policy making and implementation.
Social Policy And Human Development In Zambia discusses social policy and human development endeavours in Zambia, including the various societal forces that converged on the country in both the pre-colonial and colonial periods and which later influenced post-colonial social policy initiatives. The pre-colonial era epitomised indigenous forms of social protection that safeguarded the well-being of Africans. Colonial rule, which was foreign in orientation, was geared towards meeting the needs of a small European settler population through social policy programmes. Most of the discussions in the book unfold in the setting of a post-colonial society. The central thesis of the book is that social policy and human development in Zambia are inextricably bound up with the political and economic forces in the country and that they constantly reinforce each other. Politics is taken as an important variable that legitimises the role of politicians and policy-makers in determining the development path of the country. Thus, their efficacy, lack of depth or ineptitude will be translated into the way public policies, including social policy, are formulated and implemented. Given the normative nature of social policy, it is argued that ideology plays a critical role in both its formulation and execution. This argument is brought home by showing how the socialist government in Zambia during the 1960s and 1970s relied upon ideology to marshal social policy towards the goal of national development. Based on the analyses of different political eras in the country the book also argues that the economy is the central pillar in the implementation of social policy and the provision of social services.
The book represents a contribution to policy formulation and design in an increasingly knowledge economy in Zimbabwe. It challenges scholars to think about the role of education, its funding and the egalitarian approach to widening access to education. The nexus between education, democracy and policy change is a complex one. The book provides an illuminating account of the constantly evolving notions of national identity, language and citizenship from the Zimbabwean experience.The book discusses educational successes and challenges by examining the ideological effects of social, political and economic considerations on Zimbabwe's colonial and postcolonial education. Currently, literature on current educational challenges in Zimbabwe is lacking and there is very little published material on these ideological effects on educational development in Zimbabwe. This book is likely to be one of the first on the impact of social, political and economic meltdown on education.Notwithstanding, the book is a valuable resource to policy makers, educational administrators and researchers and the wider community.
Since independence in 1980, Zimbabwe's radical socialist government has struggled to steer the nation into development and prosperity. The engine for that drive has been public administration - but one inherited from a distinctly different, and antagonistic, colonial past. How can the interests of the "keepers of the past" ever coincide with those of the "engineers of change?" Drawing on the specifically Zimbabwean experience of researchers, academics, policy makers and administrators, the book explores the contradictions, constraints and difficulties in pursuing policies for change within a rusting and out-of-date administration system. The work is divided into four parts: Public Administration; Economic Development; Planning and Management; The State and Social Movements and Local Government and non Governmental Organisations.
This paper examines social policy in the first three decades of Zimbabwe's independence. The analysis provides answers to four sets of questions: What is the historical background of social policies in Zimbabwe and how has social spending evolved over time? What are the key institutions providing social services and what reforms have been implemented since independence? What are the outcomes in terms of service delivery, coverage rates and adequacy, as well as quality of benefits and services? How is the provision of services/social protection programmes financed? The paper concludes with reflections on lessons for social policy spending and planning. Social policy allows for the redistribution of resources, and when done fairly and transparently, social policy deepens democracy. However, Zimbabwe's experience shows that mustering national resources through prudent financial management and economic policies are important for sustainable social spending. Without resources and economic strategies, Zimbabwe's political leaders became increasingly defensive and repressive and shunned popular calls for policy change, leading the country into a developmental quagmire.
Over the past years, few African countries have been the focus of discussions and analyses generating a vast array of literature as much as Zimbabwe. The socioeconomic and political crises since the turn of the century have deeply transformed the country from the ideals of a vibrant freshly independent nation just two decades earlier. These transformations have necessitated the call for the restructuring of Zimbabwean society, polity, and economy. But this literature remains exclusively within the realm of academic thinking and theorising, with no concerted effort to move beyond this by explicitly drawing out the policy implications. Beyond the Crises: Zimbabwe's Prospects for Transformation is a welcome addition to the academic and policy literature with a much broader and all-embracing focus in terms of policy interventions. By focusing on different aspects of social and economic justice, Murisa and Chikweche go beyond initiating a broad discussion on these two key pillars of human development with a view to suggesting possible future directions of practical solutions and policy development for the attainment of inclusive social and economic justice for Zimbabweans.