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This book presents orthotropic vibration modeling and analysis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) which be helpful in applications such as oscillators and in non-destructive testing, and also vibrations characteristics of armchair double-walled CNT by means of nonlocal elasticity shell model. The nonlocal shell model is established by inferring the nonlocal elasticity equations in to Kelvin’s theory, which is our particular motivation. The suggested method to investigate the solution of fundamental Eigen relations is wave propagation, which is a well-known and efficient technique to develop the fundamental frequency equations. The frequencies of three different types of SWCNTs are calculated. Also, the vibrations of the chiral single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNTs) with non-local theory using wave propagation approach is investigated. It has been investigated that by increasing the nonlocal parameter decreases the frequencies and on increasing the aspect ratio increases the frequencies throughout the computation frequencies of clamped-free lower than that of clamped-clamped. Carbon nanotubes have a variety of applications because of their distinctive molecular structure and show unique electronic and mechanical properties because of their curvature. Nanotubes and micro-beams can be cited as one of the very applicable micro- and nano-structures in various systems, namely, sensing devices, communications and the quantum mechanics. The application of the tiny structures, specifically, carbon nanotubes in the sensors and actuators enforce the engineers to study vibrational properties of those structures experimentally and theoretically. In addition, they are utilized in different fields such as bioengineering, tissue engineering, computer engineering, optics, energy and environmental systems.
Carbon nanotubes, and the composites made from them, promise properties unrivaled by more traditional materials. To fully understand, predict, and tune those properties, a plethora of technical and theoretical challenges must be overcome. One such challenge is to find a technique with which to predict the dynamic behavior of carbon nanotubes containing defects. The dynamics of pristine carbon nanotubes are relatively well understood, but their analysis relies heavily on the periodic nature of their structure. When that structure is altered, these analyses are no longer valid. A new model is therefore needed that can incorporate these defects but is still computationally efficient enough to be coupled with a model of a composite matrix and have its vibrational characteristics analyzed under a range of conditions.In this dissertation, a model of a metallic matrix carbon nanotube composite is developed by first examining the dynamics of two well-known damping models -- the microslip and macroslip models. This analysis focuses on the implications of substituting the simpler macroslip models in place of the more mathematically complex microslip model. Specifically, the ability of these two damping models to predict the stability of a system subjected to self-exciting aeroelastic interactions (flutter) is considered. It is discovered that the microslip damper, while capable of stabilizing this system within a certain range of amplitudes, will always dissipate less energy than an equivalent macroslip damper vibrating at the same amplitude. The energy dissipation/amplitude relationships developed here are later employed to characterize the nature of the damping provided by a carbon nanotube composite.This study of generalized damping models is followed by the application of order reduction methods to defect-bearing carbon nanotubes. First, isotope and Stone-Wales defects are considered, and two well-known order reduction methods, modal domain analysis and modified modal domain analysis, are adapted for use on these atomic-scale systems. These models are demonstrated to predict the natural frequencies and normal modes of the defect-bearing carbon nanotubes with high accuracy, while greatly decreasing the computational costs associated with these calculations. Furthermore, this analysis reveals that even defects as ubiquitous and insignificant as the variation of isotopes within a carbon nanotube can produce large changes in the mode shapes of the resulting structure.The third and final defect that is considered is a multi-vacancy defect, which results in an even greater change to the structure of a carbon nanotube. As this type of defect removes atoms from the system, previous methods of order reduction are not applicable to it. Instead, a novel method of order reduction is developed, called modal domain reduction that, by combining elements of modal domain analysis and dynamic reduction with a new technique for handling the decrease in the number of degrees of freedom in the system, permits the vibrational properties of the system to be calculated efficiently and accurately.Finally, these order reduction techniques for individual carbon nanotubes are incorporated into a model of an aluminum matrix carbon nanotube composite. The composite itself is represented by a reduced-order model, created by applying Guyan, or static, reduction to the full-order matrix model. The interactions between the carbon nanotube and the matrix are calculated using the Lennard-Jones model. Several models of composites, some with pristine carbon nanotubes and other with carbon nanotubes containing a Stone-Wales or a multi-vacancy defect, are subjected to cyclic loading to determine their damping properties. The validity of these models is established through comparisons to published experimental results, and the nature of the observed damping is characterized in terms of the microslip and macroslip damping.
This book provides in-depth knowledge to solve engineering, geometrical, mathematical, and scientific problems with the help of advanced computational methods with a focus on mechanical and materials engineering. Divided into three subsections covering design and fluids, thermal engineering and materials engineering, each chapter includes exhaustive literature review along with thorough analysis and future research scope. Major topics covered pertains to computational fluid dynamics, mechanical performance, design, and fabrication including wide range of applications in industries as automotive, aviation, electronics, nuclear and so forth. Covers computational methods in design and fluid dynamics with a focus on computational fluid dynamics Explains advanced material applications and manufacturing in labs using novel alloys and introduces properties in material Discusses fabrication of graphene reinforced magnesium metal matrix for orthopedic applications Illustrates simulation and optimization gear transmission, heat sink and heat exchangers application Provides unique problem-solution approach including solutions, methodology, experimental setup, and results validation This book is aimed at researchers, graduate students in mechanical engineering, computer fluid dynamics,fluid mechanics, computer modeling, machine parts, and mechatronics.
This book presents the select proceedings of the International Conference on Structures, Materials and Construction (ICSMC 2021). It covers the recent developments and futuristic trends in the field of structural engineering and construction management, including new building materials and understanding their behavior. The topic covered also assess the current progress and state-of-the-art techniques in structural experimentation, smart materials, structures technology, principles of construction management, materials properties and characterization. The collection of papers included in this proceeding will contribute to scientific developments in the field of structural engineering and construction and will be a useful as reference material for the academicians, researchers and most importantly the student community pursuing research in the fields of structural engineering and construction technology.
A large part of the research currently being conducted in the fields of materials science and engineering mechanics is devoted to carbon nanotubes and their applications. In this process, modeling is a very attractive investigation tool due to the difficulties in manufacturing and testing of nanomaterials. Continuum modeling offers significant advantages over atomistic modeling. Furthermore, the lack of accuracy in continuum methods can be overtaken by incorporating input data either from experiments or atomistic methods. This book reviews the recent progress in continuum modeling of carbon nanotubes and their composites. The advantages and disadvantages of continuum methods over atomistic methods are comprehensively discussed. Numerical models, mainly based on the finite element method, as well as analytical models are presented in a comparative way starting from the simulation of isolated pristine and defected nanotubes and proceeding to nanotube-based composites. The ability of continuum methods to bridge different scales is emphasized. Recommendations for future research are given by focusing on what still continuum methods have to learn from the nano-scale. The scope of the book is to provide current knowledge aiming to support researchers entering the scientific area of carbon nanotubes to choose the appropriate modeling tool for accomplishing their study and place their efforts to further improve continuum methods.
This volume presents the characterization methods involved with carbon nanotubes and carbon nanotube-based composites, with a more detailed look at computational mechanics approaches, namely the finite element method. Special emphasis is placed on studies that consider the extent to which imperfections in the structure of the nanomaterials affect their mechanical properties. These defects may include random distribution of fibers in the composite structure, as well as atom vacancies, perturbation and doping in the structure of individual carbon nanotubes.
Mechanical Behaviors of Carbon Nanotubes: Theoretical and Numerical Approaches presents various theoretical and numerical studies on mechanical behaviors of carbon nanotubes. The main theoretical aspects included in the book contain classical molecular dynamics simulation, atomistic-continuum theory, atomic finite element method, continuum plate, nonlocal continuum plate, and shell models. Detailed coverage is also given to structural and elastic properties, trace of large deformation, buckling and post-buckling behaviors, fracture, vibration characteristics, wave propagation, and the most promising engineering applications. This book not only illustrates the theoretical and numerical methods for analyzing the mechanical behavior of carbon nanotubes, but also contains computational results from experiments that have already taken place. Covers various theoretical and numerical studies, giving readers a greater understanding of the mechanical behavior of carbon nanotubes Includes multiscale methods that provide the advantages of atomistic and continuum approaches, helping readers solve complex, large-system engineering problems Allows engineers to create more efficient carbon nanotube structures and devices
From the Foreword, written by legendary nano pioneer M. Meyyappan, Chief Scientist for Exploration Technology NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA: "...there is critical need for a book to summarize the status of the field but more importantly to lay out the principles behind the technology. This is what Professor Arvind Agarwal and his co-workers ... have done here." Carbon Nanotubes: Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites reflects the authors’ desire to share the benefits of nanotechnology with the masses by developing metal matrix carbon nanotube (MM-CNT) composites for large-scale applications. Multiwall carbon nanotubes can now be produced on a large scale and at a significantly reduced cost. The book explores potential applications and applies the author’s own research to highlight critical developmental issues for different MM-CNT composites—and then outline novel solutions. With this problem-solving approach, the book explores: Advantages, limitations, and the evolution of processing techniques used for MM-CNT composites Characterization techniques unique to the study of MM-CNT composites—and the limitations of these methods Existing research on different MM-CNT composites, presented in useful tables that include composition, processing method, quality of CNT dispersion, and properties The micro-mechanical strengthening that results from adding CNT The applicability of micro-mechanics models in MM-CNT composites Significance of chemical stability for carbon nanotubes in the metal matrix as a function of processing, and its impact on CNT/metal interface and mechanical properties Computational studies that have not been sufficiently covered although they are essential to research and development The critical issue of CNT dispersion in the metal matrix, as well as a unique way to quantify CNT distribution and subsequently improve control of the processing parameters for obtaining improved properties Carbon Nanotubes: Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites paints a vivid picture of scientific and application achievements in this field. Exploring the mechanisms through which CNTs are enhancing the properties of different metal-based composites, the authors provide a roadmap to help researchers develop MM-CNT composites and choose potential materials for use in emerging areas of technology.
Nowadays, it is quite easy to see various applications of fibrous composites, functionally graded materials, laminated composite, nano-structured reinforcement, morphing composites, in many engineering fields, such as aerospace, mechanical, naval and civil engineering. The increase in the use of composite structures in different engineering practices justify the present international meeting where researches from every part of the globe can share and discuss the recent advancements regarding the use of standard structural components within advanced applications such as buckling, vibrations, repair, reinforcements, concrete, composite laminated materials and more recent metamaterials. For this reason, the establishment of this 19th edition of International Conference on Composite Structures has appeared appropriate to continue what has been begun during the previous editions. ICCS wants to be an occasion for many researchers from each part of the globe to meet and discuss about the recent advancements regarding the use of composite structures, sandwich panels, nanotechnology, bio-composites, delamination and fracture, experimental methods, manufacturing and other countless topics that have filled many sessions during this conference. As a proof of this event, which has taken place in Porto (Portugal), selected plenary and keynote lectures have been collected in the present book.
Experimental Characterization, Predictive Mechanical and Thermal Modeling of Nanostructures and Their Polymer Composite focuses on the recent observations and predictions regarding the size-dependent mechanical properties, material properties and processing issues of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and other nanostructured materials. The book takes various approaches, including dedicated characterization methods, theoretical approaches and computer simulations, providing a detailed examination of the fundamental mechanisms governing the deviations of the properties of CNTs and other nanostructured materials. The book explores their applications in materials science, mechanics, engineering, chemistry and physics due to their unique and appealing properties. The use of such materials is, however, still largely limited due to the difficulty in tuning their properties and morphological and structural features. Presents a thorough discussion on how to effectively model the properties of carbon nanotubes and their polymer nanocomposites Includes a size-dependent analysis of properties and multiscale modeling Outlines the fundamentals and procedures of computational modeling as it is applied to carbon nanotubes and other nanomaterials