[PDF] Scalawag Congressman eBook

Author : William Warren Rogers
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 38,45 MB
Release : 2007
Category : Boulder (Colo.)
ISBN : 0252031601

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A controversial period in American history as revealed through one man's personal and political experiences

Author : Sarah Woolfolk Wiggins
Publisher : University of Alabama Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 10,93 MB
Release : 1977-07-30
Category : History
ISBN : 0817305572

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Who was this scalawag? Simply a native, white, Alabama Republican! Scorned by his fellow white Southerners, he suffered, in his desire for socioeconomic reform and political power, more than mere verbal abuse and social ostracism; he lived constantly under the threat of physical violence. When first published in 1977, Wiggin’s treatment of the scalawag was the first book-length study of scalawags in any state, and it remains the most thorough treatment. According to The Journal of American History, this is the “most effective challenge to the scalawag stereotype yet to appear.”

Author : James Alex Baggett
Publisher : LSU Press
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 50,21 MB
Release : 2004-09-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780807130148

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In The Scalawags, James Alex Baggett ambitiously uncovers the genesis of scalawag leaders throughout the former Confederacy. Using a collective biography approach, Baggett profiles 742 white southerners who supported Congressional Reconstruction and the Republican Party. He then compares and contrasts the scalawags with 666 redeemer-Democrats who opposed and eventually replaced them. Significantly, he analyzes this rich data by region -- the Upper South, the Southeast, and the Southwest -- as well as for the South as a whole. Baggett follows the life of each scalawag before, during, and after the war, revealing real personalities and not mere statistics. Examining such features as birthplace, vocation, estate, slaveholding status, education, political antecedents and experience, stand on secession, war record, and postwar political activities, he finds striking uniformity among scalawags. This is the first Southwide study of the scalawags, its scope and astounding wealth in quantity and quality of sources make it the definitive work on the subject.

Author : Frank J. Wetta
Publisher : LSU Press
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 38,30 MB
Release : 2013-01-02
Category : History
ISBN : 0807147486

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During the Civil War and Reconstruction, the pejorative term "scalawag" referred to white southerners loyal to the Republican Party. With the onset of the federal occupation of New Orleans in 1862, scalawags challenged the restoration of the antebellum political and social orders. Derided as opportunists, uneducated "poor white trash," Union sympathizers, and race traitors, scalawags remain largely misunderstood even today. In The Louisiana Scalawags, Frank J. Wetta offers the first in-depth analysis of these men and their struggle over the future of Louisiana. A significant assessment of the interplay of politics, race, and terrorism during Reconstruction, this study answers an array of questions about the origin and demise of the scalawags, and debunks much of the negative mythology surrounding them. Contrary to popular thought, the southern white Republicans counted among their ranks men of genuine accomplishment and talent. They worked in fields as varied as law, business, medicine, journalism, and planting, and many held government positions as city officials, judges, parish officeholders, and state legislators in the antebellum years. Wetta demonstrates that a strong sense of nationalism often motivated the men, no matter their origins. Louisiana's scalawags grew most active and influential during the early stages of Reconstruction, when they led in founding the state's Republican Party. The vast majority of white Louisianans, however, rejected the scalawags' appeal to form an alliance with the freedmen in a biracial political party. Eventually, the influence of the scalawags succumbed to persistent terrorism, corruption, and competition from the white carpetbaggers and their black Republican allies. By then, the state's Republican Party consisted of white political leaders without any significant white constituency. According to Wetta, these weaknesses, as well as ineffective federal intervention in response to a Democratic Party insurgency, caused the Republican Party to collapse and Reconstruction to fail in Louisiana.

Author : Hyman Rubin III
Publisher : Univ of South Carolina Press
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 20,9 MB
Release : 2021-09-14
Category : History
ISBN : 164336250X

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The first history of the efforts and fates of white Republicans during Reconstruction South Carolina Scalawags tells the familiar story of Reconstruction from a mostly unfamiliar vantage point, that of white southerners who broke ranks and supported the newly recognized rights and freedoms of their black neighbors. The end of the Civil War turned South Carolina's political hierarchy upside down by calling into existence what had not existed before, a South Carolina Republican Party, and putting its members at the helm of state government from 1868 to 1876. Composed primarily of former slaves, the burgeoning party also attracted the membership of newly arrived northern "carpetbaggers" and of white South Carolinians who had lived in the state prior to secession. Known as "scalawags," these South Carolinians numbered as many as ten thousand—fifteen percent of the state's white population—but have remained a maligned and largely misunderstood component of post-Civil War politics. In this first book-length exploration of their egalitarian objectives and short-lived ambitions, Hyman Rubin III resurrects the lives and careers of these individuals who took a leading role during Reconstruction. South Carolina Scalawags delves into the lives of representative white Republicans, exploring their backgrounds, political attitudes and actions, and post-Reconstruction fates. The Republicans succeeded in creating a much more representative and responsive government than the state had seen before or would see for generations. During its heyday the party began to attract wealthier white citizens, many of whom were moderates favoring cooperation between open-minded Democrats and responsible Republicans. In assessing the eventual Republican collapse, Rubin does not gloss over disturbing trends toward factionalism and corruption that increasingly characterized the party's governance. Rather he points to these failings in explaining the federal government's abandonment of the party in 1876 and the Democrats' reassertion of white supremacy.

Author : William Warren Rogers
Publisher :
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 33,72 MB
Release : 1993
Category : Alabama
ISBN : 9780820315133

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"The product of a well-to-do planter family, Charles Hays (1834-79) served as an officer in the Army of Tennessee. After the war, however, he saw clearly the new political realities and became convinced that extending political and economic opportunities to freedmen was necessary as well as morally correct. His rise as a "scalawag" (the derisive term applied to white southerners who favored the policies of Reconstruction) began in 1867, when he abandoned the Democratic party and served as a delegate to the Alabama constitutional convention. He then served in the Alabama state senate before being elected in 1869 to the first of four terms as the representative of the Fourth Congressional District. Driven by his belief that former slaves should be allowed to vote, hold political office, and expect civic equality, Hays put his own life at risk during a political era of unprecedented volatility. Violence and intimidation were rampant in those areas where Republicans received their strongest support, and the Fourth Congressional District, with its large black majority, was a party bastion. During a reign of terror conducted in the name of white supremacy, klansmen and white leaguers hanged and shot Republicans in Hays's district. As his reelection campaign began in 1870, Hays wrote to a colleague: "l do not know how long it will be before you will hear of my assassination but one thing you may count with certainty is that I shall die game."".

Author : Hyman Rubin
Publisher :
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 26,85 MB
Release : 2021-09-14
Category :
ISBN : 9781643362496

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South Carolina Scalawags tells the familiar story of Reconstruction from a mostly unfamiliar vantage point, that of white southerners who broke ranks and supported the newly recognized rights and freedoms of their black neighbors. The end of the Civil War turned South Carolina's political hierarchy upside down by calling into existence what had not existed before, a South Carolina Republican Party, and putting its members at the helm of state government from 1868 to 1876. Composed primarily of former slaves, the burgeoning party also attracted the membership of newly arrived northern carpetbaggers and of white South Carolinians who had lived in the state prior to secession. Known as scalawags, these South Carolinians numbered as many as ten thousand--fifteen percent of the state's white population--but have remained a maligned and largely misunderstood component of post-Civil War politics. In this first book-length exploration of their egalitarian objectives and short-lived ambitions, Hyman Rubin III resurrects the lives and careers of these individuals who took a leading role during Reconstruction. South Carolina Scalawags delves into the lives of representative white Republicans, exploring their backgrounds, political attitudes and actions, and post-Reconstruction fates. The Republicans succeeded in creating a much more representative and responsive government than the state had seen before or would see for generations. During its heyday the party began to attract wealthier white citizens, many of whom were moderates favoring cooperation between open-minded Democrats and responsible Republicans. In assessing the eventual Republican collapse, Rubin does not gloss over disturbing trends toward factionalism and corruption that increasingly characterized the party's governance. Rather he points to these failings in explaining the federal government's abandonment of the party in 1876 and the Democrats' reassertion of white supremacy.