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"In antiquity Samarkand was the capital of the Persian province of Sogdiana. Its language, culture, and "Zoroastrian" religion closely approximated those of the Persians. Following its conquest by Alexander, its strategic position and fertile soil made Sogdiana a coveted prize for Late Antique invaders of Central Asia. Around 660 CE - at the dawn of Arab invasion - local king Varkhuman promoted the execution of a unique painted program in one of his private rooms. Each wall was dedicated to a specific population: the north wall, the Chinese; the west, the Sogdians themselves; the east, the Indians and possibly the Turks. The south wall is probably the continuation of the scene on the west wall. In Chinese written sources, some support for this concept of the "division of the world" can be found. Accidentally discovered during Soviet times, the room was named "Hall of the Ambassadors" due to the representations of different peoples. However, many aspects of its painted program remain obscure. This study offers new ideas for better identifications of the rituals celebrated by the people on the different walls during precise moments of the year."--
*Includes pictures *Includes ancient and medieval descriptions of Samarkand *Includes online resources and a bibliography for further reading "The almond groves of Samarqand, Bokhara, where red lilies blow. And Oxus, by whose yellow sand The grave white-turbaned merchants go." - Oscar Wilde, "Ave Imperatrix" Samarkand is one of the oldest cities of Central Asia, founded nearly 3,000 years ago. The legendary city was the capital of the Sogdians, a trading people who facilitated the spread of commodities, religions, technologies, and ideas across the Silk Road between China and the rest of Eurasia. Samarkand was a key site along the ancient Silk Road, a place where a number of world cultures from the East and the West met and assimilated. As well as being a commercial center, it was a key religious site for the Zoroastrian, Buddhist, Christian, and Islamic faiths. The growth of Samarkand occurred at the same time as other major urban centers based on oases along the Silk Road, such as Khwarezm, Balkh (Bactria), and Bukhara. The city was conquered by Alexander the Great in 329 BCE and served as a base for his campaigns through Transoxiana. From the early Islamic period to the 7th century, the city prospered until it was completely destroyed by Genghis Khan in 1220. It was not until the 14th century that the city was rebuilt about one kilometer southwest of the ancient tell site. Although well-known for its trade, another part of Samarkand that makes its history so interesting is its association with the Timurid dynasty and its legendary founder, Tamerlane. Known by the Sogdians as Timur (meaning "iron"), he was one of the most extraordinary individuals to have ever existed. From his origins as a member of the tribal aristocracy, through political and military activity - and almost supernatural power - he came to dominate Transoxania and much of Iran. A lot of his behavior as an emperor was developed on the model of the Mongol empire that had existed before him, as he embarked on a mission to create the largest Turkic Muslim Empire of Eurasia. Tamerlane chose Samarkand as the capital of this empire. He loved this city above all others, and after each of his military expeditions he would bring back local artisans and craftsmen to live and work there. Beautiful buildings rose one after another through their efforts, and a gloriously cosmopolitan culture blossomed, with monuments unique to this part of the world being constructed in its diverse districts. Tamerlane's successors - though not as ambitious in their conquests - contributed much to the heritage of this city, and at the height of its prosperity it was said to be the very center of the world. Samarkand: The History and Legacy of One of Asia's Oldest Cities examines the tumultuous history of one of the most important cities in Asia. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about Samarkand like never before.
Acclaimed journalist Bernard Ollivier continues his epic journey across Persia and Central Asia as he walks the length of the Great Silk Road. Walking to Samarkand is journalist Bernard Ollivier’s stunning account of the second leg of his 7,200-mile walk from Istanbul, Turkey, to Xi’an, China, along the Silk Road--the longest and perhaps most mythical trade route of all time. Picking up where Out of Istanbul left off, Ollivier heads out of the Middle East and into Central Asia, grappling not only with his own will to continue but with new, unforeseen dangers. After crossing the final mountain passes of Turkish Kurdistan, Ollivier sets foot in Iran, keen on locating vestiges of the silk trade as he passes through Persia’s modern cities and traditional villages, including Tabriz, Tehran, Nishapur, and the holy city of Mashhad. Beyond urban areas lie deserts: first Iran’s Great Salt Desert, then Turkmenistan’s forbidding Karakum, whose relentless sun, snakes, and scorpions pose continuous challenges to Ollivier’s goal of reaching Uzbekistan. Setting his own fears aside, he travels on, wonderstruck at every turn, borne by a childhood dream: to see for himself the golden domes and turquoise skies of Samarkand, one of Central Asia’s most ancient cities. But what Ollivier enjoys most are the people along the way: Askar, the hospitable gardener; the pilgrims of Mashhad; and his knights in shining armor, Mehdi and Monir. For, despite setting out alone, he comes to find that walking itself—through a kind of alchemy—surrounds him with friends and fosters fellowship. From the authoritarian mullahs of revolutionary Iran to the warm welcome of everyday Iranians—custodians of age-old, cordial Persian culture; from the stark realities of former Soviet republics to the region’s legendary bazaars—veritable feasts for the senses—readers discover, through the eyes of a veteran journalist, the rich history and contemporary culture of these amazing lands.
Set in the years 1921-22, the action leaps from Turkey, to Azerbaijan, and to the Caspian Sea, tracing the path of the legendary Silk Road, as Corto hunts for the fabled treasure of Alexander the Great.
Nathaniel, a magician's apprentice, summons up the djinni Bartimaeus and instructs him to steal the Amulet of Samarkand from the powerful magician Simon Lovelace.
INTERNATIONAL BESTSELLER • Far more than a history of the Silk Roads, this book is truly a revelatory new history of the world, promising to destabilize notions of where we come from and where we are headed next. "A rare book that makes you question your assumptions about the world.” —The Wall Street Journal From the Middle East and its political instability to China and its economic rise, the vast region stretching eastward from the Balkans across the steppe and South Asia has been thrust into the global spotlight in recent years. Frankopan teaches us that to understand what is at stake for the cities and nations built on these intricate trade routes, we must first understand their astounding pasts. Frankopan realigns our understanding of the world, pointing us eastward. It was on the Silk Roads that East and West first encountered each other through trade and conquest, leading to the spread of ideas, cultures and religions. From the rise and fall of empires to the spread of Buddhism and the advent of Christianity and Islam, right up to the great wars of the twentieth century—this book shows how the fate of the West has always been inextricably linked to the East. Also available: The New Silk Roads, a timely exploration of the dramatic and profound changes our world is undergoing right now—as seen from the perspective of the rising powers of the East.
The Sogdian were the main traders of Central Asia from the fifth to the eighth century. Their diaspora is attested in India, China, Iran, the Turkish Steppe, but also Byzantium. This is the first attempt to describe their trade.
The World's Must-See Places takes you on a tour of over 100 of the world's greatest sights. In true DK Eyewitness Travel Guide style, each page of the book will show you what other books only tell you, with unique 3-D cutaway artworks that let you look inside each building as if you were there. Each featured sight has been selected for its uniqueness, or its historical or architectural importance, and many are included on UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites. Situated across the five continents, the sights include iconic landmarks, such as Chartres Cathedral and Sydney Opera House, and lesser-known gems, including the Kairouan Mosque in Tunisia and the Toshu-gu Shrine in Japan. In addition to engaging text that describes each sight, sidebars and text panels cover topics such as the architectural style of the building, the architect and his works, or historic events or people that shaped the building as we know it today. This book will not only inspire readers to visit some, if not all, of the featured sights, but will also appeal to armchair travelers who prefer to view the sights from the comfort of their own home.
Be careful what you wish for. Nathaniel is a magician's apprentice, taking his first lessons in the arts of magic. But when a devious hot-shot wizard named Simon Lovelace ruthlessly humiliates Nathaniel in front of his elders, Nathaniel decides to kick up his education a few notches and show Lovelace who's boss. With revenge on his mind, he summons the powerful djinni, Bartimaeus. But summoning Bartimaeus and controlling him are two different things entirely, and when Nathaniel sends the djinni out to steal Lovelace's greatest treasure, the Amulet of Samarkand, he finds himself caught up in a whirlwind of magical espionage, murder, and rebellion.