[PDF] Regulation Of Synapse Development By The Activity Regulated Transcription Factor Mef2 eBook

Author : Steven Willem Flavell
Publisher :
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 21,43 MB
Release : 2008
Category :
ISBN :

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To characterize the mechanisms by which MEF2 regulates synapse development, we perform a series of genome-wide analyses that identify the full complement of activity-regulated MEF2 target genes. The MEF2 targets identified in this context encode proteins with diverse functions at synapses, suggesting a broad role for MEF2 in synapse development and remodeling. Moreover, several MEF2 targets are mutated in human neurological disorders including epilepsy and autism-spectrum disorders. These analyses also reveal that neuronal activity leads to alternative polyadenylation site usage at many of the MEF2 target genes, resulting in the activity-dependent production of truncated mRNAs that may function to antagonize the activity of their full-length counterparts. Together, these experiments identify and characterize a MEF2-regulated program of gene expression that provides a link between neuronal activity and synapse development.

Author : Alan Robert Mardinly
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 16,59 MB
Release : 2013
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ISBN :

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Neuronal activity and subsequent calcium influx activates a signaling cascade that causes transcription factors in the nucleus to rapidly induce an early-response program of gene expression. This early-response program is composed of transcriptional regulators that in turn induce transcription of late-response genes, which are enriched for regulators of synaptic development and plasticity that act locally at the synapse.

Author : Serena Dudek
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 21,74 MB
Release : 2007-11-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0387736093

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Regulation of gene transcription by neuronal activity is evident in a large number of neuronal processes ranging from neural development and refinement of neuronal connections to learning and response to injury. In the field of activity-dependent gene expression, rapid progress is being made that can impact these, and many other areas of neuroscience. This book offers an up-to-date picture of the field.

Author : Pasko Rakic
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 38,7 MB
Release : 2020-05-29
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0128236736

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Synapse Development and Maturation, the latest release in the Comprehensive Developmental Neuroscience series, presents the latest information on the genetic, molecular and cellular mechanisms of neural development. The book provides a much-needed update that underscores the latest research in this rapidly evolving field, with new section editors discussing the technological advances that are enabling the pursuit of new research on brain development. This volume focuses on the synaptogenesis and developmental sequences in the maturation of intrinsic and synapse-driven patterns. Features leading experts in various subfields as section editors and article authors Presents articles that have been peer reviewed to ensure accuracy, thoroughness and scholarship Includes coverage of mechanisms which regulate synapse formation and maintenance during development Covers neural activity, from cell-intrinsic maturation, to early correlated patterns of activity

Author : Ramendra N. Saha
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 23,13 MB
Release : 2024-11-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031685491

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This book discusses the regulation of gene transcription by neuronal activity that is evident in a large number of neuronal processes ranging from neural development and refinement of neuronal connections to learning and response to injury. Transcriptional Regulation by Neuronal Activity: To the Nucleus and Back, 2nd edition illustrates how signals are transmitted to the nucleus in response to neuronal activity, which genes are regulated and how this is achieved, and how these changes in gene expression alter neuronal function. The aim of this second edition is to highlight key advances in the field since the first edition. The book is divided into four sections. The first highlights how signals get to the nucleus from the membrane in response to synaptic or neuronal activity. Included are chapters on the pathways that transmit signals from synapses to nuclei. The second section focuses on epigenetic regulatory processes of activity-induced gene transcription, an area that has exploded in the past few years. The third section navigates the role of activity-induced genes in physiological processes such as learning and memory, and human developmental disorders such as those associated with the autism spectrum. The fourth section highlights groundbreaking technological advances in the field, which have allowed activity-regulated transcription to be used as a tool to study learning and memory.

Author : Gary R. Lewin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 514 pages
File Size : 47,6 MB
Release : 2014-03-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3642451063

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This book provides critical reviews of the role of neurotrophins and their receptors in a wide variety of diseases including neurodegenerative diseases like Huntington’s syndrome, cognitive function, psychiatric disorders such as clinical depression, Rett syndrome, motoneurone disease, spinal cord injury, pain, metabolic disease and cardiovascular disease. It also contains contributions from leaders in the field dealing with the basic biology, transcriptional and post-translational regulation of the neurotrophins and their receptors. The present book will review all recent areas of progress in the study of neurotrophins and their biological roles.

Author : Estela Maris Muñoz
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 40,6 MB
Release : 2023-10-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 2832533817

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A finely tuned regulation of gene expression is essential for shaping the nervous system and for maintaining its homeostasis throughout life. Disruptions in gene regulation can impact brain development and physiology in ways that contribute to diverse pathologies. The master orchestrators of gene activity in the nucleus are transcription factors, proteins that recognize and bind to specific DNA motifs in regulatory regions and drive changes in gene expression. Transcription factors act with the help of other co-factor proteins, including components of the Mediator complex, histone modifying enzymes, chromatin modelers, and DNA methylases. In addition, transcription factor activity in the nervous system can be modulated by extracellular signals, including growth factors, hormones, neuropeptides and neurotransmitters that activate specific receptors and intracellular transduction pathways. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms of transcription regulation is needed in order to better describe how each element, from genes to cells, defines and maintains identities and functionalities in the healthy and diseased brain. This Research Topic is oriented to developing an integrative view about transcription regulation within the nervous system, focusing on developmental and homeostatic processes, dysregulation in functionality and expression levels and consequent associated pathologies such as neurodevelopmental disorders, brain tumors, and neurodegenerative diseases. Transcription regulation investigations will specifically focus on transcription factors that belong to the bHLH (e.g. NeuroD), homeobox (e.g. Islet, Pax, Rax, and Lhx) and CREB families, and on their roles over defined nervous system areas: cerebral cortex, thalamic and hypothalamic areas, interacting with the developing brain.

Author : Martina DeSalvo
Publisher :
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 42,53 MB
Release : 2016
Category :
ISBN :

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Long term memory is mediated by long-lasting forms of synaptic plasticity that require new gene transcription for their persistence. Previous work has shown that neuronal CREB-regulated transcriptional coactivator 1 (CRTC1) plays a crucial role during learning and memory by regulating activity-dependent gene expression. We have shown that CRTC1 undergoes synapse-to-nucleus translocation to regulate transcription of CREB target genes in response to neuronal activity. In this thesis, we investigate the regulation and retrograde transport of CRTC1 in neurons and examine the nuclear role of CRTC1 in activity-dependent gene transcription. Our first goal was to identify the mechanisms by which CRTC1 responds to activity. We describe key synaptic processes necessary to trigger dephosphorylation of three serine residues that are required for dynein-mediated transport of CRTC1 to the nucleus. Our second goal was to understand the role of CRCT1 as a transcriptional coactivator. We use a combination of ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq and RNA-seq to understand how CRTC1 binding to CREB and other transcription factors correlates with changes in chromatin accessibility and transcription of activity-induced genes. Finally, we summarize a series of projects that attempt to elucidate how regulation of CRTC1's phosphorylation code may influence its function in neurons. These studies highlight the complexities of CRTC1 as an intrinsically disordered protein with 50 phosphorylated residues and a variety of potential interacting partners.

Author : Anna Maria Giuffrida Stella
Publisher :
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 42,25 MB
Release : 1990-07-19
Category : Medical
ISBN :

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Offers an up-to-date account of the latest research findings concerned with the regulatory mechanisms of gene expression in neuronal and glial cells under different conditions. The book explores the cellular and neurobiological aspects of important phenomena of the nervous system and its role in health, disease and injury. Contributions from prominent scientists in the field address a variety of specific topics concerned with gene expression in the nervous system--from growth, hormonal and trophic factors to neural tissue reactions in injury or aging.

Author : Paolo Sassone-Corsi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 141 pages
File Size : 40,87 MB
Release : 2016-04-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3319270699

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Recent years have seen spectacular advances in the field of circadian biology. These have attracted the interest of researchers in many fields, including endocrinology, neurosciences, cancer, and behavior. By integrating a circadian view within the fields of endocrinology and metabolism, researchers will be able to reveal many, yet-unsuspected aspects of how organisms cope with changes in the environment and subsequent control of homeostasis. This field is opening new avenues in our understanding of metabolism and endocrinology. A panel of the most distinguished investigators in the field gathered together to discuss the present state and the future of the field. The editors trust that this volume will be of use to those colleagues who will be picking up the challenge to unravel how the circadian clock can be targeted for the future development of specific pharmacological strategies toward a number of pathologies.