Reforming Environmentally Harmful Subsidies Book in PDF, ePub and Kindle version is available to download in english. Read online anytime anywhere directly from your device. Click on the download button below to get a free pdf file of Reforming Environmentally Harmful Subsidies book. This book definitely worth reading, it is an incredibly well-written.
The report discusses the theoretical principles for an efficient environmental and distribution policy and offers a comprehensive survey of experiences from policy reforms in different countries. The reform survey forms a background to recommendations for implementation of sustainable policy reforms, taking care of environmental, economic and distributional concerns. It particularly brings in the Nordic experiences, both to enlighten the problems with environmentally harmful subsidies in these countries, and to discuss what can be learned from the experiences in a broader international context. The analysis has been carried out during the period October 2010 - May 2011. The study was carried out by Vista Analyse AS and commissioned by the Nordic Council of Ministers for the Environment.
Demonstrating how subsidy reform may contribute to a better environment, support fiscal reform and address social and economic objectives, this authoritative book will appeal to policy makers and their advisors all over the world. It will also be a use
Subsidies are pervasive throughout OECD countries and worldwide. Every year, OECD countries transfer at least USD 400 billion to different economic sectors. Much of this support is potentially environmentally harmful. Reforming environmentally harmful subsidies is a significant policy challenge facing OECD countries. However, untangling and assessing the effects of subsidies on the environment is a complex task. A systematic approach is required to ensure that appropriate policies are developed and the benefits of reform fully realised. This report presents sectoral analyses on agriculture, fisheries, water, energy and transport. It proposes a checklist approach to identifying and assessing environmentally harmful subsidies. It also identifies the key tensions and conflicts that are likely to influence subsidy policy making. Can the political and economic impediments to subsidy reform be overcome? This book concludes with a discussion of politically feasible subsidy reform strategies. FURTHER READING Environmentally Harmful Subsidies: Policy Issues and Challenges (OECD, 2003)
Abstract: Reforming environmentally harmful subsidies: How to counteract distributional impacts The report discusses the theoretical principles for an efficient environmental and distribution policy and offers a comprehensive survey of experiences from policy reforms in different countries. The reform survey forms a background to recommendations for implementation of sustainable policy reforms, taking care of environmental, economic and distributional concerns. It particularly brings in the Nordic experiences, both to enlighten the problems with environmentally harmful subsidies in these countries, and to discuss what can be learned from the experiences in a broader international context. The analysis has been carried out during the period October 2010 - May 2011. The study was carried out by Vista Analyse AS and commissioned by the Nordic Council of Ministers for the Environment
In Europe, public authorities are spending several hundred billion euro each year in subsidies that may harm the environment. This spending aims to meet a range of non-environmental objectives, such as economic and social goals. Nevertheless, such environmentally harmful subsidies (EHS) counter agreed environmental policy objectives. This spending is often a legacy of old policies and usually the money could be better spent to deliver economic, social and environmental objectives more coherently. For many years, efforts to reform and progressively phase out EHS have been ad hoc in Europe and elsewhere. These efforts have only been partially successful since a broad political consensus across a range of policy areas is required. In principle, everyone agrees that government actions should not harm the environment. In practice, however, this can mean difficult discussions on how to deliver a range of non-environmental government objectives, and often there are losers as well as winners of reforms. While there are many good examples of reform, the potential to phase out EHS is still significant, allowing some of this public money to be freed up. The pressure for reform has increased since the adoption of the Paris Agreement at the international level and the European Green Deal at the EU level. As a result, many initiatives have emerged to accelerate the EU's green and economic transition, which has given new impetus to EHS reforms that can significantly contribute to reaching environmental objectives. This report helps facilitate the EHS reform process by providing a toolbox consisting of examples and case studies to support national discussion on EHS reform. It recognises the need to look at why subsidies currently exist, the distributional effects of reforming them and the potential economic, social and environmental impacts.
Clean air, land, and oceans are critical for human health and nutrition and underpin much of the world's economy. Yet they suffer from degradation, poor management, and overuse due to government subsidies. 'Detox Development: Repurposing Environmentally Harmful Subsidies' examines the impact of subsidies on these foundational natural assets. Explicit and implicit subsidies--estimated to exceed US$7 trillion per year--not only promote inefficiencies but also cause much environmental harm. Poor air quality is responsible for approximately 1 in 5 deaths globally. And as the new analyses in this report show, a significant number of these deaths can be attributed to fossil fuel subsidies. Agriculture is the largest user of land worldwide, feeding the world and employing 1 billion people, including 78 percent of the world's poor. But it is subsidized in ways that promote inefficiency, inequity, and unsustainability. Subsidies are shown to drive the deterioration of water quality and increase water scarcity by incentivizing overextraction. In addition, they are responsible for 14 percent of annual deforestation, incentivizing the production of crops that are cultivated near forests. These subsidies are also implicated in the spread of zoonotic and vector-borne diseases, especially malaria. Finally, oceans support the world's fisheries and supply about 3 billion people with almost 20 percent of their protein intake from animals. Yet they are in a collective state of crisis, with more than 34 percent of fisheries overfished, exacerbated by open-access regimes and capacity-increasing subsidies. Although the literature on subsidies is large, this report fills significant knowledge gaps using new data and methods. In doing so, it enhances understanding of the scale and impact of subsidies and offers solutions to reform or repurpose them in efficient and equitable ways. The aim is to enhance understanding of the magnitude, consequences, and drivers of policy successes and failures in order to render reforms more achievable.
These proceedings present an overview of approaches for assessing subsidies and associated taxes and look at country experiences in reforming subsidies in agriculture, fisheries, industry and transport.
This much-needed book provides an empirically-grounded, and theoretically informed account of international law sources, mechanisms, initiatives and institutions which address and affect the practice of subsidising fossil fuel consumption and production. Drawing on recent scholarship on emerging international governance mechanisms, ‘informal’ international law-making and regime interaction, it offers suggestions, and critiques suggestions of others, for how the international law framework could be employed more effectively and appropriately to respond to environmentally and fiscally harmful fossil fuel subsidies.
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
Author : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Publisher : Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development Page : 160 pages File Size : 13,66 MB Release : 2006 Category : Business & Economics ISBN :
Subsidies are commonly used in OECD countries as public policy instruments to achieve specific socio-economic or environmental objectives, but they can often have unintended consequences, such as budget deficits, pollution, unemployment and trade distortions. This report contains the proceedings of an OECD workshop on subsidy reform, held in Paris in October 2005, which examined methods for assessing subsidies and associated taxes, and considered country experiences in reforming subsidies in the agriculture, fisheries, industry, and transport sectors.