[PDF] Real Wages Employment Structure And The Aggregate Demand Curve In A Kaleckian Short Run Model eBook

Author : Engelbert Stockhammer
Publisher : Springer
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 34,78 MB
Release : 2013-12-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1137357932

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This volume seeks to go beyond the microeconomic view of wages as a cost having negative consequences on a given firm, to consider the positive macroeconomic dynamics associated with wages as a major component of aggregate demand.

Author : Jim Stanford
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 39,7 MB
Release : 2015-05-20
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1317462254

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This book provides an interesting and refreshing collection of economic research conducted in the broadly heterodox tradition. A variety of topical issues are addressed, including labor market inequalities, welfare reform, interest rate policies, international trade, and global financial instability. What unites these diverse essays is their common perspective that social institutions and structures "matter" to the performance of economies, and hence should receive more attention from economists. Conventional economic thought focuses unduly on the functioning of so-called "free-markets." The persistent influence of social structures, institutions and practices - and the unequal extent to which differing social constituencies are able to exert power through those structures - often receives short shrift in this traditional research. However, this volume makes a significant contribution by helping to reverse this trend. The chapters, all written by top economists from around North America, address a range of topical issues, utilizing a rich variety of methodological techniques from empirical investigations to game theory and opinion surveys. Furthermore, the book, which is dedicated to the memory of David M. Gordon, has as its unifying theme the incorporation of structural analysis into economic science - an important goal for academics and students alike.

Author : Lavoie, Marc
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 744 pages
File Size : 11,8 MB
Release : 2022-05-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1839109629

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This visionary Research Handbook presents the state of the art in research on policy design. By conceiving policy design both as a theoretical and a methodological framework, it provides scholars and practitioners with guidance on understanding policy problems and devising accurate solutions.

Author : Tracy Mott
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,47 MB
Release : 2000
Category :
ISBN :

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As I see it, the errors in Keynes's analysis in Chapter Two of the General Theorv were his acceptance of diminishing returns in the short-period relation between output and labor employed and of perfect competition in the product market. These "errors," however, are easily corrected and do not alter Keynes's basic and correct ideas -- that employment is determined by aggregate demand, that real wages are determined by aggregate demand given the degree of competition and the level of capital utilization and other determinants of the productivity of labor, and that the supply of labor, at least below full employment, has no effect on either employment or real wages. I would like to reiterate that the formulation we have established here is "Ricardian" rather than neoclassical. Basically all we have said is that the mark-up represents a deduction from the product of labor and that since the mark-up is certainly not procyclical and productivity probably is procyclical, as the "margin" of production is extended, real wages rise. Sraffa (1960, pp. v-vi) has argued that such a use of the term "marginal" is spurious, since the true application of the term "requires attention to be focused on change," while this use of the term, as in Ricardo's discussion of the margin of cultivation, need only be a matter of differences in quality among existing productive facilities rather than changes in scale or in input proportions. We have come a long way from the neoclassical idea of a marginal product of labor, but this should not make either us or Keynes embarrassed about Chapter Two of the General Theory, one of the most interesting and important chapters in the book. Lawlor, Darity, and Horn (1987) noted that Sraffa (1926) had pointed out that the determination of prices and quantities by the interaction of supply and demand necessitates an independence between supply and demand which does not obtain except under very restrictive conditions. Sraffa (1960) extends this argument by showing that scarcity, as in scarce factors of production, is not necessary to determine value and in fact cannot determine value independently of income distribution. Keynes's and Kalecki's work shows that when we take effective demand into account, output is determined solely by demand and distribution by the conditions of competition. Kalecki's and Keynes's work can thus be taken as an Hegelian "supersession" of classical and neoclassical economics when we realize that workers cannot bargain in terms of a real wage and that output not saleable will soon no longer be produced.

Author : Mark Setterfield
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 33,2 MB
Release : 2010
Category :
ISBN :

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This chapter argues that, while much attention has been paid to developments in the financial sector as causes of the Great Recession, the ultimate cause of the crisis was, in fact, longer term trends in the real economy. Specifically, it is argued that the tendency for real wages to grow slower than productivity since the 1970s has not only generated ever-increasing income inequality in the US, but has also led to a structural flaw in the process that creates the demand necessary for high employment and rising living standards. Although household debt accumulation postponed the “day of reckoning” associated with this structural flaw, the effect of sluggish real wage growth on the incomes of working households now has the potential to create a future of secular stagnation, not just for workers, but for the US economy as a whole.

Author : Lavoie, Marc
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 39,18 MB
Release : 2022-02-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1802206957

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Post-Keynesian Growth Theory is a collection of 18 articles by Marc Lavoie, published between 1995 and 2020, with an extended foreword by Eckhard Hein. Marc Lavoie’s introduction recalls how he became attracted to the post-Keynesian theory of growth more than 45 years ago and explains how and why this book came about.

Author : Richard P. F. Holt
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 23,40 MB
Release : 2001-08-16
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 113458279X

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Eichner's classic A Guide to Post-Keynesian Economics (1978) is still seen as the definitive staging post for those wishing to familiarise themselves with the Post-Keynesian School. This book brings the story up-to-date. Of all the subgroups within heterodox economics, Post-Keynesianism has provided the most convincing alternative to mainstream theory. The main representatives of the Post-Keynesianism from both sides of the Atlantic are represented here, including Paul Davidson, Geoff Harcourt and Sheila Dow.

Author : M. Lavoie
Publisher : Springer
Page : 179 pages
File Size : 35,95 MB
Release : 2009-08-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0230235484

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This book offers an accessible introduction to post-Keynesian economics, showing that there is an alternative to neoclassical economics and its free-market economic policies. Post-Keynesian economics is founded on realistic assumptions, such as interest targeting by central banks or constant average variable costs in manufacturing and services