[PDF] Rapid Fusion Method For The Determination Of Pu Np And Am In Large Soil Samples eBook

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Page : 10 pages
File Size : 16,38 MB
Release : 2015
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A new rapid sodium hydroxide fusion method for the preparation of 10-20 g soil samples has been developed by the Savannah River National Laboratory (SRNL). The method enables lower detection limits for plutonium, neptunium, and americium in environmental soil samples. The method also significantly reduces sample processing time and acid fume generation compared to traditional soil digestion techniques using hydrofluoric acid. Ten gram soil aliquots can be ashed and fused using the new method in 1-2 hours, completely dissolving samples, including refractory particles. Pu, Np and Am are separated using stacked 2mL cartridges of TEVA and DGA Resin and measured using alpha spectrometry. The method can be adapted for measurement by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Two 10 g soil aliquots of fused soil may be combined prior to chromatographic separations to further improve detection limits. Total sample preparation time, including chromatographic separations and alpha spectrometry source preparation, is less than 8 hours.

Author : Michael F. L'Annunziata
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1076 pages
File Size : 12,95 MB
Release : 2020-03-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 0128143967

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Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis: Radiation Physics and Detectors, Volume One, and Radioanalytical Applications, Volume Two, Fourth Edition, constitute an authoritative reference on the principles, practical techniques and procedures for the accurate measurement of radioactivity - everything from the very low levels encountered in the environment, to higher levels measured in radioisotope research, clinical laboratories, biological sciences, radionuclide standardization, nuclear medicine, nuclear power, and fuel cycle facilities, and in the implementation of nuclear forensic analysis and nuclear safeguards. It includes sample preparation techniques for all types of matrices found in the environment, including soil, water, air, plant matter and animal tissue, and surface swipes.Users will find the latest advances in the applications of radioactivity analysis across various fields, including environmental monitoring, radiochemical standardization, high-resolution beta imaging, automated radiochemical separation, nuclear forensics, and more. Spans two volumes, Radiation Physics and Detectors and Radioanalytical Applications Includes a new chapter on the analysis of environmental radionuclides Provides the latest advances in the applications of liquid and solid scintillation analysis, alpha- and gamma spectrometry, mass spectrometric analysis, Cherenkov counting, flow-cell radionuclide analysis, radionuclide standardization, aerosol analysis, high-resolution beta imaging techniques, analytical techniques in nuclear forensics, and nuclear safeguards Describes the timesaving techniques of computer-controlled automatic separation and activity analysis of radionuclides Provides an extensive table of the radiation characteristics of most radionuclides of interest for the radioanalytical chemist

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Page : pages
File Size : 15,68 MB
Release : 2010
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A new method for the determination of 237Np and Pu isotopes in large soil samples has been developed that provides enhanced uranium removal to facilitate assay by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). This method allows rapid preconcentration and separation of plutonium and neptunium in large soil samples for the measurement of 237Np and Pu isotopes by ICP-MS. 238U can interfere with 239Pu measurement by ICP-MS as 238UH mass overlap and 237Np via 238U peak tailing. The method provides enhanced removal of uranium by separating Pu and Np initially on TEVA Resin, then transferring Pu to DGA resin for additional purification. The decontamination factor for removal of uranium from plutonium for this method is greater than 1 x 106. Alpha spectrometry can also be applied so that the shorter-lived 238Pu isotope can be measured successfully. 239Pu, 242Pu and 237Np were measured by ICP-MS, while 236Pu and 238Pu were measured by alpha spectrometry.

Author : Sherrod Maxwell (L. III.)
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 37,91 MB
Release : 2005
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The analysis of actinides in environmental soil and sediment samples is very important for environmental monitoring as well as for emergency preparedness. A new, rapid actinide separation method has been developed and implemented that provides total dissolution of large soil samples, high chemical recoveries and effective removal of matrix interferences. This method uses stacked TEVA Resin{reg_sign}, TRU Resin{reg_sign} and DGA-Resin{reg_sign} cartridges from Eichrom Technologies (Darien, IL, USA) that allows the rapid separation of plutonium (Pu) neptunium (Np), uranium (U), americium (Am), and curium (Cm) using a single multi-stage column combined with alpha spectrometry. The method combines a rapid fusion step for total dissolution to dissolve refractory analytes and matrix removal using cerium fluoride precipitation to remove the difficult soil matrix. By using vacuum box cartridge technology with rapid flow rates, sample preparation time is minimized.

Author : Peter Warwick (Prof.)
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 23,88 MB
Release : 2003
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780854046188

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Environmental Radiochemical Analysis II brings together comprehensive, up-to-date information from international experts in the field. Coverage includes information on new methods of radionuclide analyses, developments and improvements in existing methods, method comparisons, gamma detector performance and new software products, method uncertainty, underground laboratory facilities, method QA and QC, field studies covering colloid work, in-situ injection into rock strata and sampling of reduced waters for actinide assay. This stimulating, authoritative text makes essential reading for practising radioanalysts and provides valuable information for researchers and professionals in academia and industry.

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Page : pages
File Size : 22,53 MB
Release : 2010
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A new method that allows rapid preconcentration and separation of plutonium and neptunium in water samples was developed for the measurement of 237Np and Pu isotopes by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and alpha spectrometry; a hybrid approach. 238U can interfere with 239Pu measurement by ICP-MS as 238UH mass overlap and 237Np via peak tailing. The method provide enhanced removal of uranium by separating Pu and Np initially on TEVA Resin, then moving Pu to DGA resin for additional removal of uranium. The decontamination factor for uranium from Pu is almost 100,000 and the decontamination factor for U from Np is greater than 10,000. This method uses stacked extraction chromatography cartridges and vacuum box technology to facilitate rapid separations. Preconcentration is performed using a streamlined calcium phosphate precipitation method. Purified solutions are split between ICP-MS and alpha spectrometry so that long and short-lived Pu isotopes can be measured successfully. The method allows for simultaneous extraction of 20 samples (including QC samples) in 4 to 6 hours, and can also be used for emergency response. 239Pu, 242Pu and 237Np were measured by ICP-MS, while 236Pu, 238Pu, and 239Pu were measured by alpha spectrometry.

Author : Peter Warwick (Prof.)
Publisher :
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 13,74 MB
Release : 2003
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780854046188

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Development of an In-Vitro Procedure to Measure the Availability of Soil-Associated Radionuclides for Uptake After Inadvertent Ingestion by Humans; Separation of Iron-55/59 From Fisson and Activation Products Using Di Isobutylketone-Based Extraction Chromatographic Materials; Synthesis of a Novel Ion Exchanger, Zirconium Vanadate, For Immobilising 134,137 Cs Radionuclides; Investigation of a Method for Measuring Radon in Irish Domestic Groundwater Supplies; A comparison of Three Methodologies for the Determination of Gross Alpha Activity in Water Samples; Efficiency and Resolution of Germanium Detectors as a Function of Energy and Incident Geometry; New Method for Determination of Translutonium Isotopes by Using a PM-143 Tracer; Ultra Low-Background Gamma Spectrometry for the Monitoring of Environmental Neutrons; Estimation of Uncertainty in Radiochemical Analysis from Sub-Sampling Solid Matrices; A Rapid Determination of RA-226 and RA-224 Using Extraction Chromatograph; Construction of an Uncertainty Budget for Alpha Spectrometry: A Case Study (The Determination of Uranium Isotopic Activity Levels in Vegetation Samples Using Extraction Chromatography); Spatial and Temporal Variation of Tritium Activities in Coastal Marine Sediments of the Severn Estuary (UK); High Precision PU Isotope Ratio Measurements Using Multi-Collector ICP-MS; Measurement of Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activity in Sediment: An Analysts' Intercomparison; The Radiological Significance of Foods Collected from the Wild; Natural Radionuclides Measurements in Drinking Water by Liquid Scintillation Counting. Methods and Results; Po Concentrations in UK Seafood; A Study of Colloids in the Near-Field Waters at the Low-Level Waste Repository Site at Drigg; Low Level Liquid Scintillation Counting in a Deep Underground Laboratory: Background Reduction Aspects; Complete Dissolution of Soil Samples by Fusion; LSC: From the Routine Counter to the Real Spectrometer; Simultaneous Determination of Long-Lived Radionuclides in Environmental Samples; Analysis of Am, Pu and Th in Large Volume Water Samples in the Presence of High Concentrations of Iron; In-Situ Radionuclide Retardation in Groundwater Conducting Systems - Overview of the Research Carried out at Nagra's Grimsel Test Site, Central Switzerland; Elution Behaviour of Technetium and Rehenium Through a Tc-Selective Chromatographic Resin Column; The Use of Fucus Vesiculosus to Monitor the Transport of 1291 in The English Channel; Determination of 237 Np by Neutron Activation Analysis and Alpha Sepctrometry; Man-Made Radionuclides in Age-Dated Sediment Cores from the Black Sea; Determination of Plutonium in the Air by Isotopic Dilution ICP-MS After TNOA Extraction Chromatographic Separation; Simple Method for C-14 Analysis in Organic Material and its Distribution in Forest and Cultivated Field; F-Labelling of Humic Substances; Chemicals and Radiological Characterisation of Santos Estuary Sediments; Thermochromatographic Studies on the Separation of Plutonium from Soil Samples; Partitioning of Plutonium Isotopes in Lake Bottom Sediments; Radioanalytical Method for the Determination of Sr In Soil Samples by Yttrium Solvent Extraction and Cerenkov Counting; Investigation of Inorganic Contaminants in Packaging Made From Recycled Paper and Board; Equilibrium Factor F and Effective Dose Equivalent with Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors; Biological Monitoring of Radioactivity and Metal Pollution in Edible Eggs of Liometopum apiculatum (Ants) From a Radioactive Waste Site in Central Mexico; Preparation of Environmental Samples for Radioanalytical Assay: An Overview; Comparative Investigations on Hydrophilicity and Mobility of Humic Substances Using Radiolabelling Techniques; Determination of Gross Alpha in Drinking Water and Nuclear Waste Water Using Actinide Resinâ⢠and LSC; Chromium Speciation in Acidic Solutions Using Radiochromtographic Methods; Influence of Geochemical Paramete

Author : Philip A. Baedecker
Publisher :
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 14,59 MB
Release : 1987
Category : Analytical geochemistry
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Analytical methods used in the Geologic Division laboratories of the U.S. Geological Survey for the inorganic chemical analysis of rock and mineral samples.