[PDF] Radiation Protection Guidance For Activities In Low Earth Orbit eBook

Author : National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Publisher : National Council on Radiation Protection & Measurements
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 40,88 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN :

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Meinhold, C.B., Investigator, Non-NASA Center: Natl Council Radiat Prot Meas, Bethesda, MD.

Author : Eleanor A. Blakely
Publisher :
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 24,28 MB
Release : 2004
Category : Astronauts
ISBN :

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"This symposium was organized to bring together the multidisciplinary expertise required to assess risk of exposure to space radiation.... Topics addressed ranged from what is known or predicted about radiation environments for human exploration, and what shielding would be required based on ALARA radiation protection guidelines. The development of new physics cross section models, and improved ion beam transport codes was reported, as well as biological demonstrations of the consequences of specific shielding materials and applications to manned missions to Mars and beyond. Advancements in the biological measurements of radiation-induced protein expression profiles, membrane damage, bystander effect, and adaptive response were presented, and countermeasures evaluated. Finally several presentations addressed specific approaches to integrate the physical and biological parameters in order to assess key elements of the risk and the associated uncertainties."--Page 1277.

Author : National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (U.S.)
Publisher :
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 50,69 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Astronauts
ISBN : 9781601192288

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Meinhold, C.B., Investigator, Non-NASA Center : Natl Council Radiat Prot Meas, Bethesda, MD.

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 89 pages
File Size : 21,11 MB
Release : 1997-03-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309056985

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NASA's long-range plans include possible human exploratory missions to the moon and Mars within the next quarter century. Such missions beyond low Earth orbit will expose crews to transient radiation from solar particle events as well as continuous high-energy galactic cosmic rays ranging from energetic protons with low mean linear energy transfer (LET) to nuclei with high atomic numbers, high energies, and high LET. Because the radiation levels in space are high and the missions long, adequate shielding is needed to minimize the deleterious health effects of exposure to radiation. The knowledge base needed to design shielding involves two sets of factors, each with quantitative uncertaintyâ€"the radiation spectra and doses present behind different types of shielding, and the effects of the doses on relevant biological systems. It is only prudent to design shielding that will protect the crew of spacecraft exposed to predicted high, but uncertain, levels of radiation and biological effects. Because of the uncertainties regarding the degree and type of radiation protection needed, a requirement for shielding to protect against large deleterious, but uncertain, biological effects may be imposed, which in turn could result in an unacceptable cost to a mission. It therefore is of interest to reduce these uncertainties in biological effects and shielding requirements for reasons of mission feasibility, safety, and cost.