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This volume presents the legal concepts of the Eighteenth and Twenty-first Amendments in an engagingly simplified, easily understandable way, while reflecting provisions in both the national and state curriculum standards. Readers will look at these two amendments in historical context, examining how they have been tested in the courts and present current controversies and debates. Lastly, readers will examine each amendment's current relevance.
Americans have always been a hard-drinking people, but from 1920 to 1933 the country went dry. After decades of pressure from rural Protestants such as the hatchet-wielding Carry A. Nation and organizations such as the Women's Christian Temperance Union and Anti-Saloon League, the states ratified the Eighteenth Amendment to the Constitution. Bolstered by the Volstead Act, this amendment made Prohibition law: alcohol could no longer be produced, imported, transported, or sold. This bizarre episode is often humorously recalled, frequently satirized, and usually condemned. The more interesting questions, however, are how and why Prohibition came about, how Prohibition worked (and failed to work), and how Prohibition gave way to strict governmental regulation of alcohol. This book answers these questions, presenting a brief and elegant overview of the Prohibition era and its legacy. During the 1920s alcohol prices rose, quality declined, and consumption dropped. The black market thrived, filling the pockets of mobsters and bootleggers. Since beer was too bulky to hide and largely disappeared, drinkers sipped cocktails made with moonshine or poor-grade imported liquor. The all-male saloon gave way to the speakeasy, where together men and women drank, smoked, and danced to jazz. After the onset of the Great Depression, support for Prohibition collapsed because of the rise in gangster violence and the need for revenue at local, state, and federal levels. As public opinion turned, Franklin Delano Roosevelt promised to repeal Prohibition in 1932. The legalization of beer came in April 1933, followed by the Twenty-first Amendment's repeal of the Eighteenth that December. State alcohol control boards soon adopted strong regulations, and their legacies continue to influence American drinking habits. Soon after, Bill Wilson and Dr. Bob Smith founded Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). The alcohol problem had shifted from being a moral issue during the nineteenth century to a social, cultural, and political one during the campaign for Prohibition, and finally, to a therapeutic one involving individuals. As drinking returned to pre-Prohibition levels, a Neo-Prohibition emerged, led by groups such as Mothers against Drunk Driving, and ultimately resulted in a higher legal drinking age and other legislative measures. With his unparalleled expertise regarding American drinking patterns, W. J. Rorabaugh provides an accessible synthesis of one of the most important topics in US history, a topic that remains relevant today amidst rising concerns over binge-drinking and alcohol culture on college campuses.
The first two years of National Prohibition, together with the preceding two of near-Prohibition, vindicated it as the ideal method of treating social alcoholism. It was as when a door opens from a dark room and then closes. It has at least revealed the difference between darkness and light. - Introduction.
The story of Prohibition in the United States is one of extremes, with temperance crusaders on one side working to ban alcohol across America and bootleggers and organized crime rings on the other side illegally transporting alcohol into speakeasies and homes. Readers explore both sides of this controversial period in American history as they learn the fascinating facts behind the passage and repeal of the 18th Amendment. The captivating main text is supplemented by a helpful timeline, relevant primary sources, informative sidebars, and annotated quotations from historical figures and scholars.
A study of the political reaction against the 18th Amendment, a response that led to its reversal 14 years later by the 21st Amendment. This work uses archival evidence to examine the liquor ban and to draw attention to the bi-partisan movement led by the Association Against Prohibition Amendment.