[PDF] Potential Exposure From Diesel Powered Equipment In Underground Mines eBook

Author : Aleksandar D. Bugarski
Publisher : SME
Page : 503 pages
File Size : 23,54 MB
Release : 2012
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0873353609

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The use of diesel-powered equipment in underground mining operations provides many benefits to the industry. It also presents many challenges to the health and safety of workers as it is a significant source of submicrometer aerosols and noxious gases. This book was developed to assist the coal and metal/nonmetal underground mining industries in their efforts to reduce the exposure of workers to aerosols and gases from diesel-powered equipment. It includes information collected by researchers at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health/Office of Mine Safety and Health Research (NIOSH/OMSHR). Prior to the production of this text, the knowledge on this complex issue was fragmented. The goal of this volume is to make the information available in one easy-to-use reference. The book includes comprehensive, mine-specific programs for use by mechanics, mine ventilation engineers, industrial hygienists, mine managers, union health and safety representatives, and personnel responsible for the acquisition of diesel vehicles, engines, exhaust aftertreatment systems, fuels, and lubricants. The description of methods to reduce exposure to diesel aerosols includes curtailment of diesel particulate matter and gaseous emissions at their source, and controlling airborne pollutants with ventilation and personal protective equipment. This information should also help researchers in industry, government, and academia to identify areas that need to be addressed in future research and development efforts.

Author : Marcel Talbot
Publisher :
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 39,28 MB
Release : 2016-04-01
Category :
ISBN : 9781681174549

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The exposure of mine workers to diesel particulate matter (DPM) and gases is an issue of great concern to the underground mining community. As industry works to achieve compliance with these standards, mine operators are looking for feasible methods for reducing DPM concentrations in their mines. In addition, the industry needs methods to accurately measure DPM to ensure that the control strategies they adopt are working successfully. The use of dieselpowered equipment by the underground mining community has continuously increased over the last several decades. A similar trend is seen in underground metal/nonmetal mines. This extensive utilization of diesel-powered equipment generates the potential for exposure of underground miners to particulate matter and gaseous emissions from this equipment and creates an important challenge for the mining industry worldwide to control these emissions. In recent years, studies have shown that long-term exposure to combustionrelated fine particulate pollution, including diesel particulate matter (DPM), is an important risk factor for cardiopulmonary and lung cancer mortality. Therefore, health issues associated with exposure to DPM are receiving substantial attention from the public, government agencies, and academia. The book Controlling Exposure - Diesel Emissions in Underground Mines present an overview of the integrated approach and review the strategies being used by mines to reduce the concentrations of DPM emitted from the tailpipe, as well as present results from research evaluating these strategies.

Author : Department of Health and Human Services
Publisher : CreateSpace
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 14,84 MB
Release : 2013-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781493566358

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Diesel engines are a major contributor to concentrations of submicron aerosols, CO, CO2, NOX, SO2 and hydrocarbons (HC) in underground coal and metal/nonmetal mines. The extensive use of diesel-powered equipment in underground mines makes it challenging to control workers' exposure to submicron aerosols and noxious gases emitted by those engines. In order to protect workers, mines need to establish a comprehensive program based on a multifaceted and integrated approach. This program should include a concerted effort to: Curtail emissions of the diesel particulate matter (DPM) and toxic gases at the source; Control pollutants after they are released in the underground mine environment; and Use administrative controls to reduce exposures of underground miners to pollutants. Many of the technologies and strategies available to the coal and metal/nonmetal underground mining industries to control exposures of underground miners to diesel pollutants are similar. However, the differences in the U.S. regulations limiting DPM exposures of miners in underground underground coal mines [66 Fed. Reg. 27864 (2001)] and metal/nonmetal mines [71 Fed. Reg. 28924 (2006)] have a major bearing on how those technologies and strategies are implemented. In underground coal mines, achieving compliance is based on implementing technologies developed to control DPM and gaseous emissions directly at their source and providing sufficient quantities of fresh air to dilute criteria gases emitted by diesel engines [61 Fed. Reg. 55411 (1996)]. In contrast, the metal/nonmetal performance-based regulations enforce personal exposure limits (PEL) and provide much more latitude in the selection of technologies and strategies to control miners' exposures to DPM and gases [MSHA 2008]. The effort to reduce the exposure of underground miners to diesel pollutants requires the involvement of several key departments of mining companies, including those responsible for health and safety, engine/vehicle/exhaust aftertreatment maintenance, mine ventilation, and production, as well as the departments responsible for acquiring vehicles, engines, exhaust aftertreatment systems, fuel, and lubricating oil. Due to the complexity of this problem and the involvement of personnel from various departments in an underground mine, a program coordinator is crucial to the success of diesel control programs. The diesel pollutants control program plan and execution of this plan should be dynamic and based on information gathered through surveillance efforts. This surveillance should include gathering information on parameters pertinent to planning, execution, and coordination of the program (e.g., size of the diesel-powered fleet, role of diesel-powered equipment in the mining process, type of engine emissions, contribution of diesel-powered equipment to exposure of underground miners to DPM and criteria gases, quality of diesel fuel and lubricating oil, and ventilation supply and demand). Surveillance efforts should also help to identify and quantify the extent of the problem, identify and evaluate potential solutions, and identify and establish a hierarchy of potential solutions. The adopted solutions should be instituted and implemented in a manner that takes the costs and benefits into consideration. The surveillance efforts should be continued throughout the implementation phase of the program, and the results should be used to constantly re-evaluate the effectiveness of the program and adjust actions accordingly. Establishing a hierarchy of solutions is critical to the success of a multifaceted diesel pollutants control program.

Author : Ian W. French
Publisher : Canada Centre for Mineral and Energy Technology, Energy, Mines and Resources Canada = Centre canadien de la technologie des minéraux et de l'énergie
Page : 622 pages
File Size : 15,24 MB
Release : 1984
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN :

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The primary purpose of the report is to critically review the relevant scientific literature describing the occupational environment to which underground miners are exposed and to evaluate the potential for this environment to adversely affect the mine workers' pulmonary function and health. Pref.

Author : Muhammad Usman Khan
Publisher :
Page : 197 pages
File Size : 26,4 MB
Release : 2017
Category :
ISBN :

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"Diesel-powered equipment is a significant component of underground mining operations. Miners' exposure to diesel exhaust is harmful. The standard Diesel Particulate Matter (DPM) monitoring method (NIOSH 5040 method) has limitations that preclude rapid DPM estimation and detailed understanding of DPM variations over time. However, real-time DPM monitors do not inherit these limitations. Biodiesel is often used as a substitute for regular petroleum-diesel because of its ability to emit less DPM. However, accuracy of available real-time DPM monitors has not been determined in mines using 70% to 99% (high-percent) biodiesel. The present research addresses this need by rigorous testing of a commercial real-time DPM monitor against the NIOSH 5040 method in active underground metal mines using high-percent biodiesel. The real-time DPM monitor was used to collect transient DPM data at mines' work faces, in exhaust air and intake air drifts. The extensive amount of data is characterized by use of Frequency Distribution (FD) models. The collected data revels strong variations in local DPM levels and suggests that attention to DPM area concentrations would provide a valuable complement to the miners' personal DPM exposure determinations. The results also highlight the potential importance of monitoring miners' short term DPM exposure. The measured data also revels the significance of DPM recirculation by auxiliary fan and ventilation duct systems. This research uses a 2D CFD model to examine stope ventilation parameters for a dead-end mine entry and identifies improved ventilation practices for efficient ventilation. Lastly, good work practices for the real-time DPM monitor (FLIR Airtec) used in this research are suggested"--Abstract, page iii.

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 102 pages
File Size : 16,66 MB
Release : 2002-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 0309169836

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The Office of Industrial Technologies (OIT) of the U. S. Department of Energy commissioned the National Research Council (NRC) to undertake a study on required technologies for the Mining Industries of the Future Program to complement information provided to the program by the National Mining Association. Subsequently, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health also became a sponsor of this study, and the Statement of Task was expanded to include health and safety. The overall objectives of this study are: (a) to review available information on the U.S. mining industry; (b) to identify critical research and development needs related to the exploration, mining, and processing of coal, minerals, and metals; and (c) to examine the federal contribution to research and development in mining processes.