[PDF] Porous Materials As High Performance Adsorbents For Co2 Capture Gas Separation And Purification eBook

Author : Jun Wang
Publisher :
Page : 562 pages
File Size : 21,23 MB
Release : 2015
Category : Carbon
ISBN :

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Global warming resulted from greenhouse gases emission has received a widespread attention. Among the greenhouse gases, Co2 contributes more than 60% to global warming due to its huge emission amount. The flue gas contains about 15% CO2 with N2 as the balance. If CO2 can be separated from flue gas, the benefit is not only reducing the global warming effect, but also producing pure CO2 as a very useful industry raw material. Substantial progress is urgent to be achieved in an industrial process. Moreover, energy crisis is one of the biggest challenges for all countries due to the short life of fossil fuels, such as, petroleum will run out in 50 years and coal will run out in 150 years according to today's speed. Moreover, the severe pollution to the environment caused by burning fossil fuels requires us to explore sustainable, environment-friendly, and facile energy sources. Among several alternative energy sources, natural gas is one of the most promising alternative energy sources due to its huge productivity, abundant feed stock, and ease of generation. In order to realize a substantial adsorption process in industry, synthesis of new absorbents or modification of existing adsorbent with improved properties has become the most critical issue. This dissertation reports systemic characterization and development of five serials of novel adsorbents with advanced adsorption properties. In chapter 2, nitrogen-doped Hypercross-linking Polymers (HCPs) have been synthesized successfully with non-carcinogenic chloromethyl methyl ether (CME) as the cross-linking agent within a single step. Texture properties, surface morphology, CO2/N2 selectivity, and adsorption heat have been presented and demonstrated properly. A comprehensive discussion on factors that affect the CO2 adsorption and CO2/N2 separation has also been presented. It was found that high micropore proportion and N-content could effectively enhance CO2 uptake and CO2/N2 separation selectivity. In chapter 3, a new series of oxygen-doped ACs were synthesized from polyfuran. Different factors that affect the AC formation were investigated, and two kinds of porogens (ZnCL2 and KOH) and two active temperatures (600 and 800 °C) were tested. At 298K and 1bar, an excellent selectivity for separating CO2/N2 (41.7) and Co2/CH4 (6.8) gas mixture pairs was obtained on the PF-600 KOH. A breakthrough simulation was also performed to demonstrate the potential of industrial applications. The PF-600 KOH sample showed the best separation result in the simulated adsorption breakthrough as well. In chapter 4, quinone and hydroquinone on the surface of PF-600 ZnCL2 were integrated. Significantly pore size shrinkage, improved CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 IAST selectivity were observed, which is 58.7% and 28.4% higher than pristine porous carbon at 298 K and 1 atm, respectively. In addition, transient breakthrough simulations for CO2/CH4/N2 binary mixtures were conducted in order to demonstrate the good separation performance in fixed bed adsorbers. In chapter 5, a novel nitrogen doped polymer poly(2-phenyl-1,3,6,8-tetraazacyclodecane) will be used as the precursor to produce microporous N-doped activated carbons. Three activation temperatures (600, 700, and 800 °C) has been investigated with KOH as the porogen. High nitrogen content has been remained in the resultant carbon materials. Improved CO2 adsorption capacity and selectivites for the separation of CO2/CH4/N2 binary gas mixtures were achieved by the carbon adsorbents due to their N-containing groups, narrow pore size distribution, and large specific surface area. In chapter 6, MOF-derived activated carbons are developed from MIL-100(Al) as hard-template. Direct carbonization of MIL-100, MIL-100(Al)/F-127 composite, and MIL-100(Al)/KOH mixture has been investigated. Pore structure and surface morphology have been demonstrated. CO2/CH4/N2 binary selectivity, adsorption heats, and kinetic selectivity have been calculated. Breakthrough simulation has been conducted to mimic industrial application. We found that resultant carbons showed better CO2 capture ability and selectivity than parental MIL-100(Al).

Author : An-Hui Lu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 36,26 MB
Release : 2014-04-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3642546463

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This multi-authored book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in porous CO2 capture materials, including ionic liquid–derived carbonaceous adsorbents, porous carbons, metal-organic frameworks, porous aromatic frameworks, micro porous organic polymers. It also reviews the sorption techniques such as cyclic uptake and desorption reactions and membrane separations. In each category, the design and fabrication, the comprehensive characterization, the evaluation of CO2 sorption/separation and the sorption/degradation mechanism are highlighted. In addition, the advantages and remaining challenges as well as future perspectives for each porous material are covered. This book is aimed at scientists and graduate students in such fields as separation, carbon, polymer, chemistry, material science and technology, who will use and appreciate this information source in their research. Other specialists may consult specific chapters to find the latest, authoritative reviews. Dr. An-Hui Lu is a Professor at the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, China. Dr. Sheng Dai is a Corporate Fellow and Group Leader in the Chemical Sciences Division at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and a Professor of Chemistry at the University of Tennessee, USA.

Author : Leonard R. MacGillivray
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1210 pages
File Size : 50,68 MB
Release : 2014-09-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 1118931580

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Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline compounds consisting of rigid organic molecules held together and organized by metal ions or clusters. Special interests in these materials arise from the fact that many are highly porous and can be used for storage of small molecules, for example H2 or CO2. Consequently, the materials are ideal candidates for a wide range of applications including gas storage, separation technologies and catalysis. Potential applications include the storage of hydrogen for fuel-cell cars, and the removal and storage of carbon dioxide in sustainable technical processes. MOFs offer the inorganic chemist and materials scientist a wide range of new synthetic possibilities and open the doors to new and exciting basic research. Metal-Organic Frameworks Materials provides a solid basis for the understanding of MOFs and insights into new inorganic materials structures and properties. The volume also reflects progress that has been made in recent years, presenting a wide range of new applications including state-of-the art developments in the promising technology for alternative fuels. The comprehensive volume investigates structures, symmetry, supramolecular chemistry, surface engineering, recognition, properties, and reactions. The content from this book will be added online to the Encyclopedia of Inorganic and Bioinorganic Chemistry: http://www.wileyonlinelibrary.com/ref/eibc

Author : De-en Jiang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 29,39 MB
Release : 2020-02-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 1119091179

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Covers a wide range of advanced materials and technologies for CO2 capture As a frontier research area, carbon capture has been a major driving force behind many materials technologies. This book highlights the current state-of-the-art in materials for carbon capture, providing a comprehensive understanding of separations ranging from solid sorbents to liquid sorbents and membranes. Filled with diverse and unconventional topics throughout, it seeks to inspire students, as well as experts, to go beyond the novel materials highlighted and develop new materials with enhanced separations properties. Edited by leading authorities in the field, Materials for Carbon Capture offers in-depth chapters covering: CO2 Capture and Separation of Metal-Organic Frameworks; Porous Carbon Materials: Designed Synthesis and CO2 Capture; Porous Aromatic Frameworks for Carbon Dioxide Capture; and Virtual Screening of Materials for Carbon Capture. Other chapters look at Ultrathin Membranes for Gas Separation; Polymeric Membranes; Carbon Membranes for CO2 Separation; and Composite Materials for Carbon Captures. The book finishes with sections on Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers for Carbon Capture and Ionic Liquids for Chemisorption of CO2 and Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes. A comprehensive overview and survey of the present status of materials and technologies for carbon capture Covers materials synthesis, gas separations, membrane fabrication, and CO2 removal to highlight recent progress in the materials and chemistry aspects of carbon capture Allows the reader to better understand the challenges and opportunities in carbon capture Edited by leading experts working on materials and membranes for carbon separation and capture Materials for Carbon Capture is an excellent book for advanced students of chemistry, materials science, chemical and energy engineering, and early career scientists who are interested in carbon capture. It will also be of great benefit to researchers in academia, national labs, research institutes, and industry working in the field of gas separations and carbon capture.

Author : Moises A Carreon
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 283 pages
File Size : 15,38 MB
Release : 2020-07-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1786346745

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This unique compendium describes research progress on metal-organic framework (MOF) membranes for different relevant industrial gas separations. Specifically, the book focuses mainly on gas separations which are important in flue gas treatment, natural gas purification, hydrogen purification, and nuclear reprocessing. The advantages of using MOFs in mixed matrix membranes are discussed. Some of the pressing challenges in the field, and strategies to potentially overcome them are also distinctly outlined.This volume is a useful reference materials for professionals, academics, researchers and postgraduate students in chemical engineering and materials engineering.

Author : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
Page : 574 pages
File Size : 45,88 MB
Release : 2020-08-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0128227583

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Advances in Carbon Capture reviews major implementations of CO2 capture, including absorption, adsorption, permeation and biological techniques. For each approach, key benefits and drawbacks of separation methods and technologies, perspectives on CO2 reuse and conversion, and pathways for future CO2 capture research are explored in depth. The work presents a comprehensive comparison of capture technologies. In addition, the alternatives for CO2 separation from various feeds are investigated based on process economics, flexibility, industrial aspects, purification level and environmental viewpoints. Explores key CO2 separation and compare technologies in terms of provable advantages and limitations Analyzes all critical CO2 capture methods in tandem with related technologies Introduces a panorama of various applications of CO2 capture

Author : Mohammad Zein Aghaji
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 32,31 MB
Release : 2017
Category :
ISBN :

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An immediate reduction in global CO2 emissions could be accomplished by replacing coal- or oil-based energy sources with purified natural gas. The most important process involved in natural gas purification is the separation of CO2 from CH4, where Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA) technology on porous materials has emerged as a less energy demanding technology. Among porous materials which are used or could potentially be used in PSA, Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have attracted particular interest owing to their record-breaking surface areas, high-porosity, and high tunability. However, the discovery of optimal MOFs for use in adsorption-based CO2 separation processes is remarkably challenging, as millions of MOFs can potentially be constructed from virtually limitless combinations of inorganic and organic secondary building units. To overcome this combinatorial problem, this thesis aims to (1) identify important design features of MOFs for CO2/CH4 separation through the investigation of currently existing MOFs as well as the high throughput computational screening of a large database of MOFs, and to (2) develop efficient computational tools for aiding the discovery of new MOF materials. To validate the computational methods and models used in this thesis, the first work of this thesis presents the computational modeling of CO2 adsorption on an experimental CuBDPMe MOF using grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations and density functional theory. The simulated CO2 adsorption isotherms are in good agreement with experiment, which confirms the accuracy of the models used in our simulations throughout this thesis. The second work of this thesis investigates the performance of an experimental MIL-47 MOF and its seven functionalized derivatives in the context of natural gas purification, and compares their performance with that of other well-known MOFs and commercially used adsorbents. The computational results show that introducing polar non-bulky functional groups on MIL-47 leads to an enhancement in its performance, and the comparison suggests that MIL-47-NO2 could be a possible candidate as a solid sorbent for natural gas purification. This study is followed by the compactional study of water effects on natural gas purification using MOFs, as traces of water is present in natural gas under pipeline specifications. From the study, it is found that water has a marginal effect on natural gas purification in hydrophobic MOFs under pipeline specifications. Following the aforementioned studies, a database of 324,500 hypothetical MOFs is screened for their performance in natural gas purification using the general protocol defined in this thesis. From the study, we identify 'hit' materials for targeted synthesis, and investigate the structure-property relationships with the intent of finding important MOF design features relevant to natural gas purification. We show that layered sheets consisting of poly-aromatic molecules separated by a perpendicular distance of roughly 7 A are an important structural-chemical feature that leads to strong adsorption of CO2. Following the screening study, we develop efficient computational tools for the recognition of high-preforming MOFs for methane purification using Machine Learning techniques. A training set of 32,500 MOF structures was used to calibrate support vector machines (SVMs) classifiers that incorporate simple geometrical features including pore size, void fraction and surface area. The SVM machine learning classifiers can be used as a filtering tool when screening large databases. The SVM classifiers were tested on ~290,000 MOFs that were not part of the training set and could correctly identify up to 70% of high-performing MOFs while only flagging a fraction of the MOFs for more rigorous screening. As a complement to this study, we present ML classifier models for CO2/CH4 separation parameters that incorporate separately the Voronoi hologram and AP-RDF descriptors, and we compare their performance with the classifiers composed of simple geometrical descriptors. From the comparison, it is found that including AP-RDF and Voronoi hologram descriptors into the classifiers improves the performance of classifiers by 20% in capturing high-performing MOFs. Finally, from the screening data, we develop a novel chemiformatics tool, MOFFinder, for aiding in the discovery of new MOFs for CO2 scrubbing from natural gas. It has a user-friendly graphical interface to promote easy exploration of over 300,000 hypothetical MOFs. It enables synthetic chemists to find MOFs of interest by searching the database for Secondary Building Units (SBUs), geometric features, functional groups and adsorption properties. MOFFinder provides, for the first time the substructure/similarity query of porous materials for users and is publicly available on titan.chem.uottawa.ca/moffinger.

Author :
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 1495 pages
File Size : 26,44 MB
Release : 2020-10-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9811223246

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This four-volume handbook gives a state-of-the-art overview of porous materials, from synthesis and characterization and simulation all the way to manufacturing and industrial applications. The editors, coming from academia and industry, are known for their didactic skills as well as their technical expertise. Coordinating the efforts of 37 expert authors in 14 chapters, they construct the story of porous carbons, ceramics, zeolites and polymers from varied viewpoints: surface and colloidal science, materials science, chemical engineering, and energy engineering. Volumes 1 and 2 cover the fundamentals of preparation, characterisation, and simulation of porous materials. Working from the fundamentals all the way to the practicalities of industrial production processes, the subjects include hierarchical materials, in situ and operando characterisation using NMR, X-Ray scattering and tomography, state-of-the-art molecular simulations of adsorption and diffusion in crystalline nanoporous materials, as well as the emerging areas of bio-artificing and drug delivery. Volume 3 focuses on porous materials in industrial separation applications, including adsorption separation, membrane separation, and osmotic distillation. Finally, and highly relevant to tomorrow's energy challenges, Volume 4 explains the energy engineering aspects of applying porous materials in supercapacitors, fuel cells, batteries, electrolysers and sub-surface energy applications.The text contains many high-quality colourful illustrations and examples, as well as thousands of up-to-date references to peer-reviewed articles, reports and websites for further reading. This comprehensive and well-written handbook is a must-have reference for universities, research groups and companies working with porous materials.Related Link(s)

Author : Qiang Wang
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 28,3 MB
Release : 2018-10-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1788015452

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Inorganic solid adsorbents/sorbents are attractive materials for capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from flue gases after fossil fuel combustion. Post-combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture Materials introduces the key inorganic materials used as adsorbents/sorbents with specific emphasis on their design, synthesis, characterization, performance, and mechanism. Dedicated chapters cover carbon-based adsorbents, zeolite- and silica-based adsorbents, metal–organic framework (MOF)-based adsorbents, and alkali-metal-carbonate-based adsorbents. The final chapter discusses the practical application aspects of these adsorbents used in carbon dioxide capture from flue gases. Edited and written by world-renowned scientists in each class of the specific material, this book will provide a comprehensive introduction for advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and researchers from both academic and industrial fields wishing to learn about the topic.

Author : Antonio Gil
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 36,16 MB
Release : 2020-06-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3039362747

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The development of porous materials has attracted the attention of the research community for years. Porosity characteristics have specific impacts on the material properties and materials that are applied in many areas, such as pollutant removal, CO2 capture, energy storage, catalytic oxidation and reduction processes, the conversion of biomass to biofuels, and drug delivery. Examples of porous materials are activated carbons, clays, and zeolites. The aim of this book is to collect the recent advances and progress regarding porous materials and their applications in the environmental area.