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A comprehensive study of pond fisheries. Topics include the organisation and construction of fish ponds, production processes in fish farms for warmwater carp and cold-water trout, and irrigation networks and reservoirs constructed for multipurpose exploitation.
A comprehensive study of pond fisheries. Topics include the organisation and construction of fish ponds, production processes in fish farms for warmwater carp and cold-water trout, and irrigation networks and reservoirs constructed for multipurpose exploitation.
The most complete owner's manual for keeping all types of freshwater and saltwater fish in indoor tropical and coldwater aquariums and outdoor ponds. Choose the right fish for any water temperature--tropical or coldwater--and for all types of environments, including indoor aquariums or outdoor ponds. Know the difference between keeping saltwater fish and freshwater fish, including differences in aquarium setups, and feeding and caring for your pet fish. Learn to tell whether your fish are healthy and find out everything you need to breed them successfully. The Encyclopedia of Aquarium and Pond Fish contains a huge photographic color reference directory of more than 800 of the most popular fish, not only showing you what they look like, but also giving you key information you need, such as how big they will grow, whether they integrate with different fish, what food they eat, and what water type and temperature they prefer.
Peter Shea is co-author of the Vermont bestsellers The Atlas of Vermont Trout Ponds, Vermont Lakes In Depth, and Vermont Trout Streams, as well as the author of In The Company of Trout: True Stories, Ruminations, and Vermont Guidance, and Long Trail Trout: Backcountry Fly-fishing Adventures from Vermont to Montana. This newest volume focuses his favorite Vermont lakes and ponds, illustrating each of these water bodies with a map - and in most cases a depth chart, for planning angling strategies. Sharing information, comments, and the occasional angling tale that span his nearly fifty years of chasing Vermont trout, the author transports the reader to twenty varied destinations. From places that are ideal to bring the family and young children, to the most remote trout fishing to be had in the Green Mountains, the angler will enjoy Shea's personal and informative take on these fishing holes, and have a laugh or two in the voyage.
The efficient and profitable production of fish, crustaceans, and other aquatic organisms in aquaculture depends on a suitable environment in which they can reproduce and grow. Because those organisms live in water, the major environ mental concern within the culture system is water quality. Water supplies for aquaculture systems may naturally be oflow quality or polluted by human activity, but in most instances, the primary reason for water quality impairment is the culture activity itself. Manures, fertilizers, and feeds applied to ponds to enhance production only can be partially converted to animal biomass. Thus, at moderate and high production levels, the inputs of nutrients and organic matter to culture units may exceed the assimilative capacity of the ecosystems. The result is deteriorating water quality which stresses the culture species, and stress leads to poor growth, greater incidence of disease, increased mortality, and low produc tion. Effluents from aquaculture systems can cause pollution of receiving waters, and pollution entering ponds in source water or chemicals added to ponds for management purposes can contaminate aquacultural products. Thus, water quality in aquaculture extends into the arenas of environmental protection and food quality and safety. A considerable body of literature on water quality management in aquaculture has been accumulated over the past 50 years. The first attempt to compile this information was a small book entitled Water Quality in Warmwater Fish Ponds (Boyd I 979a).
Aquaculture pond managers measure water-quality variables and attempt to maintain them within optimal ranges for shrimp and fish, but surprisingly little attention is paid to pond soil condition. Soil-water interactions can strongly impact water quality, and soil factors should be considered in aquaculture pond management. The importance of soils in pond management will be illustrated with an example from pond fertilization and another from aeration. Pond fertilization may not produce phytoplankton blooms in acidic ponds. Total alkalinity is too low to provide adequate carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, and acidic soils adsorb phosphate added in fertilizer before phytoplankton can use it. Agricultural lime stone application can raise total alkalinity and neutralize soil acidity. The amount of limestone necessary to cause these changes in a pond depends on the base unsaturation and exchange acidity of the bottom soil. Two ponds with the same total alkalinity and soil pH may require vastly different quantities of limestone because they differ in exchange acidity. Aeration enhances dissolved oxygen concentrations in pond water and permits greater feed inputs to enhance fish or shrimp production. As feeding rates are raised, organic matter accumulates in pond soils. In ponds with very high feeding rates, aeration may supply enough dissolved oxygen in the water column for fish or shrimp, but it may be impossible to maintain aerobic conditions in the surface layers of pond soil. Toxic metabolites produced by microorganisms in anaerobic soils may enter the pond water and harm fish or shrimp.
During the 10 years since publication of the first edition of thiswell-recieved book, the carp and pond fish farming industry hascontinued to grow steadily. Fully revised and updated, thiscomprehensive new edition provides a detailed and practical guideto the principles and practices of farming cyprinid fish, usingtraditional and modern pond culture techniques. Although concentrating primarily on carp culture, this can beregarded as a model for the production of many species in ponds;the most widely used method of producing fish throughout the world.Specific information is also included for other species, such asPike, Wels Catfish and Goldfish and now African Catfish andSterlet. The authors, who between them have many years' experiencefarming fish as well as researching and teaching the subjectscovered in the book, have produced a most useful and timely secondedition. The book will be of great interest to fish farmers, researchers,teachers and students in the area of aquaculture and relatedsubjects, to all those involved specifically in the carp farmingindustry and in the aquaculture of other pond-cultured species.Copies of the book should be available as a reference source inlibraries in academic and research establishments where aquacultureis studied an taught, and for practical reference on fishfarms.