[PDF] Point Cloud Compression eBook

Author : Mai P. Bui
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 32,92 MB
Release : 2022
Category : Data compression
ISBN :

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Three-dimensional (3D) sensors, such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), stereo cameras, and radar have many applications, e.g., virtual/augmented reality (VR/AR), real-time immersive communications, and autonomous driving guidance system. The output of 3D sensors is generally represented in the form of point clouds. A point cloud consists of a set of data points. Each point has its coordinates (X, Y, Z) and associated attributes such as color in Red, Green, Blue (RGB) values. However, the volume of point cloud data generated by 3D sensors is massive. Generating a huge amount of data from point cloud addresses the storing and transmitting challenge: store the point cloud data locally on a device, share the data with other network nodes (i.e., transmit the data in wireless networks), or to manipulate and analyze the data. Therefore, effective compression schemes are needed for reducing the bandwidth of wireless networks or storage space of 3D point cloud data. This thesis aims to develop an efficient 3D point cloud stream compression benchmark that utilities several state-of-the-art 3D point clouds compression (PCC) techniques. In this study, we investigate five state-of-the-art PCC methods using five different datasets with various configurations. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive understanding of various approaches in PCC. The results of this paper will be helpful in developing an adaptive 3D point cloud stream compression benchmark that is efficient and benefited from different PCC techniques.

Author : Shan Liu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 39,90 MB
Release : 2021-12-10
Category : Computers
ISBN : 3030891801

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This book introduces the point cloud; its applications in industry, and the most frequently used datasets. It mainly focuses on three computer vision tasks -- point cloud classification, segmentation, and registration -- which are fundamental to any point cloud-based system. An overview of traditional point cloud processing methods helps readers build background knowledge quickly, while the deep learning on point clouds methods include comprehensive analysis of the breakthroughs from the past few years. Brand-new explainable machine learning methods for point cloud learning, which are lightweight and easy to train, are then thoroughly introduced. Quantitative and qualitative performance evaluations are provided. The comparison and analysis between the three types of methods are given to help readers have a deeper understanding. With the rich deep learning literature in 2D vision, a natural inclination for 3D vision researchers is to develop deep learning methods for point cloud processing. Deep learning on point clouds has gained popularity since 2017, and the number of conference papers in this area continue to increase. Unlike 2D images, point clouds do not have a specific order, which makes point cloud processing by deep learning quite challenging. In addition, due to the geometric nature of point clouds, traditional methods are still widely used in industry. Therefore, this book aims to make readers familiar with this area by providing comprehensive overview of the traditional methods and the state-of-the-art deep learning methods. A major portion of this book focuses on explainable machine learning as a different approach to deep learning. The explainable machine learning methods offer a series of advantages over traditional methods and deep learning methods. This is a main highlight and novelty of the book. By tackling three research tasks -- 3D object recognition, segmentation, and registration using our methodology -- readers will have a sense of how to solve problems in a different way and can apply the frameworks to other 3D computer vision tasks, thus give them inspiration for their own future research. Numerous experiments, analysis and comparisons on three 3D computer vision tasks (object recognition, segmentation, detection and registration) are provided so that readers can learn how to solve difficult Computer Vision problems.

Author : IEEE Staff
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 44,31 MB
Release : 2016-11-01
Category :
ISBN : 9781509018901

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The IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference is the annual flagship conference of the IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society IEEE ITSC 2016 welcomes articles in the field of Intelligent Transportation Systems, dealing with new developments in theory, analytical and numerical simulation and modeling, experimentation, demonstration, advanced deployment and case studies, results of laboratory or field operational tests, under the general theme of Intelligent Transportation for Smarter Societies

Author : Karthik Ainala
Publisher :
Page : 27 pages
File Size : 13,12 MB
Release : 2017
Category : Data compression (Computer science)
ISBN :

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With the commoditization of the 3D depth sensors, we can now very easily model real objects and scenes into digital domain which then can be used for variety of application in gaming, animation, virtual reality, immersive communication etc. Modern sensors are capable of capturing objects with very high detail and scene of large area and thus might include millions of points. These point data usually occupy large storage space or require high bandwidth in case of real-time transmission. Thus, an efficient compression of these huge point cloud data points becomes necessary. Point clouds are often organized and compressed with octree based structures. The octree subdivision sequence is often serialized in a sequence of bytes that are subsequently entropy encoded using range coding, arithmetic coding or other methods. Such octree based algorithms are efficient only up to a certain level of detail as they have an exponential run-time in the number of subdivision levels. In addition, the compression efficiency diminishes when the number of subdivision levels increases. In this work we present an alternative way to partition the point cloud data. The point cloud is divided based on the data partition using kd tree binary division instead of Octree’s space partition method and forming a base layer. In base layer leaf nodes, the distribution of points is considered and projected to a 2D plane based on the flatness of the node points. Octree and Quadtree based partition is used to further convert the data to bitstreams. These are scalable point cloud bitstreams as we need only specific number of kd nodes in each time for a specific point of view. The use case is navigation in autonomous vehicles where it requires point cloud information up to a specific distance at different speeds. These scalable bitstreams of kd nodes can be used in real time transmission with low latency. Results show that compression performance is improved for geometry compression in point clouds and a scalable low latency streaming model is shown for navigation use case.

Author : Iain E. Richardson
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 15,64 MB
Release : 2011-08-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 1119965306

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H.264 Advanced Video Coding or MPEG-4 Part 10 is fundamental to a growing range of markets such as high definition broadcasting, internet video sharing, mobile video and digital surveillance. This book reflects the growing importance and implementation of H.264 video technology. Offering a detailed overview of the system, it explains the syntax, tools and features of H.264 and equips readers with practical advice on how to get the most out of the standard. Packed with clear examples and illustrations to explain H.264 technology in an accessible and practical way. Covers basic video coding concepts, video formats and visual quality. Explains how to measure and optimise the performance of H.264 and how to balance bitrate, computation and video quality. Analyses recent work on scalable and multi-view versions of H.264, case studies of H.264 codecs and new technological developments such as the popular High Profile extensions. An invaluable companion for developers, broadcasters, system integrators, academics and students who want to master this burgeoning state-of-the-art technology. "[This book] unravels the mysteries behind the latest H.264 standard and delves deeper into each of the operations in the codec. The reader can implement (simulate, design, evaluate, optimize) the codec with all profiles and levels. The book ends with extensions and directions (such as SVC and MVC) for further research." Professor K. R. Rao, The University of Texas at Arlington, co-inventor of the Discrete Cosine Transform

Author : Colt McAnlis
Publisher : "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 32,38 MB
Release : 2016-07-13
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1491961503

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If you want to attract and retain users in the booming mobile services market, you need a quick-loading app that won’t churn through their data plans. The key is to compress multimedia and other data into smaller files, but finding the right method is tricky. This witty book helps you understand how data compression algorithms work—in theory and practice—so you can choose the best solution among all the available compression tools. With tables, diagrams, games, and as little math as possible, authors Colt McAnlis and Aleks Haecky neatly explain the fundamentals. Learn how compressed files are better, cheaper, and faster to distribute and consume, and how they’ll give you a competitive edge. Learn why compression has become crucial as data production continues to skyrocket Know your data, circumstances, and algorithm options when choosing compression tools Explore variable-length codes, statistical compression, arithmetic numerical coding, dictionary encodings, and context modeling Examine tradeoffs between file size and quality when choosing image compressors Learn ways to compress client- and server-generated data objects Meet the inventors and visionaries who created data compression algorithms

Author : Neil Dodgson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 42,94 MB
Release : 2006-05-24
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 3540268081

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Multiresolution methods in geometric modelling are concerned with the generation, representation, and manipulation of geometric objects at several levels of detail. Applications include fast visualization and rendering as well as coding, compression, and digital transmission of 3D geometric objects. This book marks the culmination of the four-year EU-funded research project, Multiresolution in Geometric Modelling (MINGLE). The book contains seven survey papers, providing a detailed overview of recent advances in the various fields within multiresolution modelling, and sixteen additional research papers. Each of the seven parts of the book starts with a survey paper, followed by the associated research papers in that area. All papers were originally presented at the MINGLE 2003 workshop held at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, UK, 9-11 September 2003.

Author : Kyoungro Yoon
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 33,46 MB
Release : 2015-02-24
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0124202039

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This book is the first to cover the recently developed MPEG-V standard, explaining the fundamentals of each part of the technology and exploring potential applications. Written by experts in the field who were instrumental in the development of the standard, this book goes beyond the scope of the official standard documentation, describing how to use the technology in a practical context and how to combine it with other information such as audio, video, images, and text. Each chapter follows an easy-to-understand format, first examining how each part of the standard is composed, then covers intended uses and applications for each particular effect. With this book, you will learn how to: Use the MPEG-V standard to develop applications Develop systems for various use cases using MPEG-V Synchronize the virtual world and real world Create and render sensory effects for media Understand and use MPEG-V for the research of new types of media related technology and services The first book on the new MPEG-V standard, which enables interoperability between virtual worlds and the real world Provides the technical foundations for understanding and using MPEG-V for various virtual world, mirrored world, and mixed world use cases Accompanying website features schema files for the standard, with example XML files, source code from the reference software and example applications