[PDF] Physical And Allelochemical Cover Crop Effects For Weed Suppression eBook

Author : Alexander John Hewitt
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 27,2 MB
Release : 2022
Category :
ISBN :

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Winter annual weeds can delay soil warming, inhibit planting operations, and compete for water and nutrients resulting in yield loss of spring planted cash crop. Understanding the timing and extent of weed emergence in different cropping systems is important to producers to be able to predict occurrence and to better manage weeds. The first objective of this research was to model the emergence of winter annual weed species in two different cropping systems based on the accumulation of thermal time. Results show that winter annual weed species composition and emergence timing can vary significantly between locations and are highly site-specific. Certain weeds such as henbit had predictable and consistent emergence timings across years in a no-tillage system in eastern Kansas but was more variable in southeast Kansas. This information can be used by farmers for weed management decisions, such as timing of control methods. The use of cover crop monocultures and mixes were evaluated for their physical and chemical weed suppressive capabilities. The second objective was to assess the levels of physical weed suppression by each cover crop treatment through weed biomass and weed density at the time of cover crop harvest. Cover crop monocultures and mixes composed entirely or mostly of aggressive grass species were found to be the most weed suppressive due to their high biomass accumulation. Certain varieties of cereal rye, annual ryegrass, winter oat, and mixes containing oat and ryegrass were found to be the highest biomass producers. Overall, cover crops provided superior weed control relative to a fallow with herbicide treatment that had no residual activity. Fertility regimes can impact cover crop biomass production and influence their allelopathic potential. The third objective was to investigate the role of nitrogen and sulfur fertilizers on cover crop weed suppression through allelopathy by conducting a weed seed germination bioassay. The results indicate that higher amounts of cover crop residues can potentially result in greater levels of weed suppression through inhibition of seed germination. Increasing soil fertility may decrease the allelopathic potential of cover crops, but can increase their biomass production, still resulting in adequate weed control.

Author : Khawar Jabran
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 12,66 MB
Release : 2018-01-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 0128098821

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Non-Chemical Weed Control is the first book to present an overview of plant crop protection against non-food plants using non-chemical means. Plants growing wild—particularly unwanted plants found in cultivated ground to the exclusion of the desired crop—have been treated with herbicides and chemical treatments in the past. As concern over environmental, food and consumer safety increases, research has turned to alternatives, including the use of cover crops, thermal treatments and biotechnology to reduce and eliminate unwanted plants. This book provides insight into existing and emerging alternative crop protection methods and includes lessons learned from past methodologies. As crop production resources decline while consumer concerns over safety increase, the effective control of weeds is imperative to insure the maximum possible levels of soil, sunlight and nutrients reach the crop plants. Allows reader to identify the most appropriate solution based on their individual use or case Provides researchers, students and growers with current concepts regarding the use of modern, environment-friendly weed control techniques Presents methods of weed management—an important part of integrated weed management in the future Exploits the knowledge gained from past sustainable weed management efforts

Author : Miguel A. Altieri
Publisher : Springer
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 42,7 MB
Release : 1988-08-31
Category : Science
ISBN :

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The chapters of this book describe the physiological, population and community ecology of weeds within agroecosystems, with the goal of recognizing details of relevant approaches for better weed management

Author : Andy Clark
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 10,75 MB
Release : 2008-07
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1437903797

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Cover crops slow erosion, improve soil, smother weeds, enhance nutrient and moisture availability, help control many pests and bring a host of other benefits to your farm. At the same time, they can reduce costs, increase profits and even create new sources of income. You¿ll reap dividends on your cover crop investments for years, since their benefits accumulate over the long term. This book will help you find which ones are right for you. Captures farmer and other research results from the past ten years. The authors verified the info. from the 2nd ed., added new results and updated farmer profiles and research data, and added 2 chap. Includes maps and charts, detailed narratives about individual cover crop species, and chap. about aspects of cover cropping.

Author : Mahesh K. Upadhyaya
Publisher : CABI
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 47,2 MB
Release : 2007-01-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1845932900

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This book deals with the principles, concepts, technology, potential, limitations and impacts of various non-chemical weed management options. It contains 12 chapters discussing topics on prevention strategies in weed management, exploitation of weed crop interactions to manage weed problems, cultural methods, cover crops, allelopathy, classical biological control using phytophagous arthropods, bioherbicides (such as mycoherbicides), mechanical weed control, non-living mulches, thermal weed control and soil solarization.

Author : Jean-Michel Mérillon
Publisher : Springer
Page : 973 pages
File Size : 46,99 MB
Release : 2020-02-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319963983

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This Reference Work is devoted to plant secondary metabolites and their evolutionary adaptation to different hosts and pests. Secondary metabolites play an important biological role in plants’ defence against herbivores, abiotic stresses and pathogens, and they also attract beneficial organisms such as pollinators. In this work, readers will find a comprehensive review of the phytochemical diversity, modification and adaptation of secondary metabolites, and the consequences of their co-evolution with plant parasites, pollinators, and herbivores. Chapters from expert contributors are organised into twelve sections that collate the current knowledge in intra-/inter-specific diversity in plant secondary metabolites, changes in secondary metabolites during plants’ adaptation to different environmental conditions, and co-evolution of host-parasite metabolites. Among the twelve themed parts, readers will also discover expert analysis on the genetics and chemical ecology evolution of secondary metabolites, and particular attention is also given to allelochemicals, bioactive molecules in plant defence and the evolution of sensory perception in vertebrates. This reference work will appeal to students, researchers and professionals interested in the field of plant pathology, plant breeding, biotechnology, agriculture and phytochemistry.

Author : Khawar Jabran
Publisher : Springer
Page : 90 pages
File Size : 37,33 MB
Release : 2017-02-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 3319531867

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This book clearly defines ways to maximize the allelopathic potential of important field crops for controlling weeds, either in the same crop or others. Compared to the use of herbicides, allelopathy is an attractive option to control weeds naturally under field conditions. The book highlights the allelopathic potential of several important cereals (wheat, maize, rice, barley, sorghum, rye) and two oilseed crops [sunflower and canola (as well as some other member of Brassicaceae family)]. Further, the book explains how the allelopathic potential of these crops can be manipulated under field conditions to suppress weeds. This is possible by growing allelopathic crop cultivars, using mulches from allelopathic crops, intercropping an allelopathic crop with a non-allelopathic crop, including allelopathic crops in crop rotation, or using allelopathic crops as cover crops. Equipped with several basic concepts of allelopathy, this book will be highly useful for the farming community as well as students and researchers.

Author : Matt Liebman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 546 pages
File Size : 19,55 MB
Release : 2001-07-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 1139427245

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This book presents principles and practices for ecologically based weed management in a wide range of temperate and tropical farming systems. Special attention is given to the evolutionary challenges that weeds pose and the roles that farmers can play in the development of new weed-management strategies.

Author : Douglas Buhler
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 35,61 MB
Release : 2020-07-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 1000156710

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Presents innovative approaches to weeds and weed management. Expanding the Context of Weed Management is your key to the latest economically and environmentally friendly methods of managing weeds. You will explore the biological, cultural, mechanical, and preventive tools and techniques that are necessary to successfully manage weeds. Expanding the Context of Weed Management teaches you how to optimize your crop production and profit by integrating preventive techniques, scientific knowledge, and management skills into your current farming routine. This practical volume contains a series of review articles and original research that present innovative approaches to weeds and weed management. In its pages you will discover valuable and practical information about: how weeds can be considered a part of the cropping system instead of an isolated pest to beeliminated why weeds behave as they do short and long term approaches to changing weed management standard breeding methods for weed competitive crops how to improve soil quality to manage weeds how to integrate pest management for weeds how to avoid propagule production how to reduce weed emergence in crops how to minimize weed competition with the cropThe costliness of weeds and weed control is more than $15 billion a year in the United States.Expanding the Context of Weed Management will help you cut this cost with the latest methods of effective weed control. Intended for agronomists, weed scientists, crop advisors, environmentalists, students, and crop ecologists,this book provides a successful and environmentally sound perspective on weeds and their control.