[PDF] Perishable Food Supply Chain Networks With Labor In The Covid 19 Pandemic eBook

Author : Anna Nagurney
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 25,93 MB
Release : 2020
Category :
ISBN :

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The COVID-19 pandemic is a major healthcare disaster that has fundamentally transformed our daily lives and the operations of governments, businesses, healthcare operations, and educational institutions. It has elevated and expanded the role of essential workers, not only in healthcare but also in the food industry. The food industry has undergone major disruptions in the pandemic for reasons including compromised labor resources. In this paper, we develop a supply chain generalized network optimization framework focused on perishable food. The model explicitly includes labor availability associated with the network economic activities of production, transportation, storage, and distribution in order to quantify the impacts of associated disruptions due to illnesses, physical/social distancing requirements, and decreases in labor productivity. Theoretical results are presented along with a series of numerical examples on a fresh produce product with quantification of a spectrum of pandemic-induced disruptions on product flows, demands, prices, and the profits of the food firm. We also show that including more direct demand markets for fresh produce can yield gains for the firm.

Author : Ilias S. Kotsireas
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 44,76 MB
Release : 2021-03-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 3030649733

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Based on the “Fourth International Conference on Dynamics of Disasters” (Kalamata, Greece, July 2019), this volume includes contributions from experts who share their latest discoveries on natural and unnatural disasters. Authors provide overviews of the tactical points involved in disaster relief, outlines of hurdles from mitigation and preparedness to response and recovery, and uses for mathematical models to describe natural and man-made disasters. Topics covered include economics, optimization, machine learning, government, management, business, humanities, engineering, medicine, mathematics, computer science, behavioral studies, emergency services, and environmental studies will engage readers from a wide variety of fields and backgrounds.

Author : Anna Nagurney
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 22,43 MB
Release : 2023-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 3031208552

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The COVID-19 pandemic has vividly and dramatically demonstrated the importance of supply chains to the functioning of societies and our economies. The discussion in this timely book explores prominent issues concerning supply chain networks and labor. The readership is aimed to include students, researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers, interested in the wide range of topics presented in these pages. Labor has a particular focus as the driver behind supply chains, whether associated with food products, life-saving medicines and supplies, or high tech products that make innovation possible, just to name a few. The impacts of policy interventions, in the form of wage bounds, and their ramifications, in terms of volume of attracted labor, product prices, product volumes, as well as profits, are explored. Profit-maximizing firms are considered (with relevant associated issues such as waste management in the case of the food sector, for example), but also non-profits, as in blood services, as well as humanitarian organizations engaged in disaster relief. The book is filled with many network figures, graphs, and tables with data, both input and output and includes an appendix that provides the foundations of the underlying mathematical methodologies used. The book offers strong evidence for the need to provide a holistic, system-wide perspective for the modeling, analysis, and solution of supply chain problems with the inclusion of the critical labor resources. A formalism using the prism of supply chain networks, which yields a graphic representation of supply chains, consisting of multiple stakeholders, is constructed. Models that capture the behaviors and interactions of single decision-makers as well as multiple decision-makers engaged in supply chain activities of production, transportation, storage, and distribution, are considered. The models capture many realistic constraints faced by firms today, as they seek to produce and deliver products, while dealing with competition, various constraints on labor, a variety of disruptions, labor shortages, challenges associated with proper wage-determination, plus the computation of optimal investments in labor productivity subject to budget constraints. The book provides prescriptive suggestions in terms of how to ameliorate negative impacts of labor disruptions and demonstrate benefits of appropriate wage determination.

Author : Claire Kremen
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 323 pages
File Size : 26,17 MB
Release : 2023-11-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 2832539645

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The global coronavirus pandemic is revealing major weaknesses, inequities and system-wide risks in global food systems, giving renewed urgency to foster pathways to greater food system sustainability and resilience. Due to rising unemployment, supply chain disruptions and other responses to the pandemic, such as disruptions to social assistance programs in some countries, predictions suggest a near doubling of food insecurity globally. Nutritional changes are also occurring, as food availability and access changes, leading to substitution of dry, canned or processed foods for healthier, fresh ingredients, for some communities, and the reverse for others. These food security and nutritional changes are likely to be as impactful on human health as the virus itself. As a system-wide shock, the pandemic reveals weaknesses of global supply chains. The media highlighted empty supermarket shelves alongside food dumping in situations where producers locked into disappearing food service outlets were unable to access new markets. Farmers with long-standing reliance on migrant agricultural labor that can no longer travel across international borders under lockdown struggle to access support for the upcoming harvest season. The pandemic highlights well-known inequities for marginalized food systems employees; as essential workers are exposed to greater risks of contracting the virus in food-processing, agricultural and grocery store settings, but have little choice in accepting these conditions in order to keep these low-paying jobs. The pandemic reinforces another well-known food system inequity: marginalized and impoverished minorities often suffer from diet-related diseases (i.e. cardiovascular diseases, diabetes) and/or malnutrition that place them at greater risk of morbidity and mortality from the coronavirus. Lockdowns and border closures are reducing economic opportunities such as day labor and agricultural markets in some regions, such as much of Africa; ensuing risks of food and nutrition insecurity for vast segments of the population threaten to set back development, increase social conflict, and catalyze migration. Finally, the current pandemic shines a spotlight on the systemic risk of infectious diseases to emerge and become globalized through local bushmeat markets and international wildlife trade, and how wildlife hunting and trade is influenced by land use changes, including by industrial agriculture. At the same time, adaptive responses to the coronavirus illustrate how more resilient and sustainable food systems could evolve going forward. To avoid supply chain disruptions, communities are increasing their reliance on local food systems, including an increase in urban gardening and community-supported agriculture programs. Small-scale farmers are innovating to connect with buyers and with each other, including through new online marketing initiatives. Entrepreneurs are identifying foods that would otherwise be wasted and directing them to food banks. Retailers and wholesalers are re-configuring their distribution networks to shift food to where it is needed most. Food pantries, local producers and food businesses are also collaborating with municipal governments to address food security gaps arising from COVID-19 impacts.

Author : McDermott, John
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 19,64 MB
Release : 2022-03-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0896294226

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Two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the health, economic, and social disruptions caused by this global crisis continue to evolve. The impacts of the pandemic are likely to endure for years to come, with poor, marginalized, and vulnerable groups the most affected. In COVID-19 & Global Food Security: Two Years Later, the editors bring together contributions from new IFPRI research, blogs, and the CGIAR COVID-19 Hub to examine the pandemic’s effects on poverty, food security, nutrition, and health around the world. This volume presents key lessons learned on food security and food system resilience in 2020 and 2021 and assesses the effectiveness of policy responses to the crisis. Looking forward, the authors consider how the pandemic experience can inform both recovery and longer-term efforts to build more resilient food systems.

Author : Ajay Serohi
Publisher : Fulton Books, Inc.
Page : 106 pages
File Size : 11,26 MB
Release : 2021-12-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1638604118

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Ninety percent of companies' impacts on the environment come from their supply chains, and three in every four US businesses have reported supply chain disruptions due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Global supply chains have been struggling to devise a roadmap to recovery, to keep essential operations going, ever since the advent of the pandemic. We all experienced the empty shelves of sanitizers or toilet rolls in our everyday stores. Everyone loves a crisis except perhaps those living it. And these times are often the best to portray larger-than-life concepts because at some point in our lives, we all need a little reminder that we are not the center of the universe. Least we realize that we are in a borrowed space from our children and grandchildren, and immediately take to more sustainable ways, this rented place is doomed. All great events in history are probably not half as intriguing as the book or movies portraying them turn out to be. However, while others use the art of exaggeration, I have personalized the heck out of the entire supply chain operation. Using simple and jargon-free words, my characters in this story weave around the verticals of the supply chain and a circular economy to illuminate the concepts of the supply chain network, its management, and its close link with the circular economy. Therefore, the intention of this book is to provide an understanding of how the microcosm of sustainable supply chains, circular economy, political greed, and social activism evolves into trade-offs on the principle of optimality. People cannot be simply castigated into pro or anti-environmentalists, but the choices made are to be analyzed in the shades of gray, where only the brave tread into the twilight of living a life.

Author : Swinnen, Johan, ed.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 37,9 MB
Release : 2020-07-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0896293874

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The coronavirus pandemic has sparked not only a health crisis but also an economic crisis, which together pose a serious threat to food security, particularly in poorer countries. COVID-19 & Global Food Security brings together a groundbreaking series of IFPRI blog posts looking at the impacts of COVID-19 and the policy responses. IFPRI researchers and guest bloggers provide key insights and analysis on how the global pandemic is affecting global poverty and food security and nutrition, food trade and supply chains, gender, employment, and a variety of policy interventions, as well as reflections on how we can use these lessons to better prepare for future pandemics. These pieces draw on a combination of conceptual arguments, global and country-level simulation models, in-country surveys, case studies, and expert opinions. Together, they present a comprehensive picture of the current and potential impact of COVID-19 and the world’s policy responses on global food and nutrition security.

Author : Yossi Sheffi
Publisher : MIT CTL Media
Page : 271 pages
File Size : 20,39 MB
Release : 2020-10-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1735766127

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Much has been written about Covid-19 victims, how scientists raced to understand and treat the disease, and how governments did (or did not) protect their citizens. Less has been written about the pandemic’s impact on the global economy and how companies coped as the competitive environment was upended. In his new book, "The New (Ab)Normal", MIT Professor Yossi Sheffi maps how the Covid-19 pandemic impacted business, supply chains, and society. He exposes the critical role supply chains play in helping people, governments, and companies to manage the crisis. The book draws on executive interviews, pandemic media coverage, and historical analyses. Sheffi also builds on themes from his books "The Resilient Enterprise" (2005) and "The Power of Resilience" (2015) to enrich the narrative. The author paints a compelling picture of how the Covid-19 virus is changing many facets of human life and what our post-pandemic world might look like. This must-read book helps companies to redefine their business models and adjust to a fast-evolving economic landscape. The stage is set In Part 1 of the book, “What Happened,” the author looks at how companies fought to mend the global economic fabric even as the virus ripped more holes in it. Part 2, “Living with Uncertainty,” views the crisis through a supply chain risk management lens derived from Yossi Sheffi’s previous books. This perspective shows how companies create corporate immune systems to quickly recognize and manage large-scale disruptions. The ongoing pandemic is creating a new normal in life, work, and education—covered in Part 3, “Adjustment Required.” Consumer fears about the contagion as well as government mandates require businesses in industries such as retail, hospitality, entertainment, sports, and education to create “safe zones” for workers and customers. Many elements of the book – especially in Part 4, “Supply Chains for the Future” – show how the virus accelerated preexisting trends in technology adoption. China was the epicenter of the pandemic; it also was the first nation to be disrupted and recover. Part 5 of the book, “Of Politics and Pandemics,” explains why reports that companies are abandoning China in favor of other offshore manufacturing centers do not reflect reality. Fundamentally, The New (Ab)Normal is about businesses trying to create a better future in a time of extreme uncertainty – a point emphasized in Part 6, “The Next Opportunities.” The outlook is not necessarily gloomy. The advance of technology is accelerating, a trend that can level the playing field between small and large companies. Nimble small businesses are using a growing array of off-the-shelf cloud computing and mobile apps to deploy sophisticated technologies in their supply chains and customer interfaces. The New (Ab)Normal Another new normal is working from home. Remote working enables individuals to live anywhere and companies to recruit talent from anywhere. Education, especially higher education, faces a major disruption (and major opportunity) that is likely to shake the high-cost model of in-person education in favor of online or hybrid education. Regrettably, the book recognizes one trend accentuated by Covid-19--the growing inequality, and anticipates that the new normal will be more stratified.

Author : Gioacchino Pappalardo
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 49,61 MB
Release : 2023-11-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 2832539297

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The current international scenario with the war in Ukraine will have potential impacts on agri-food systems across the world. This scenario will change the balance of power among actors in the agri-food sector. High margins of uncertainty are common across supply chains in the face of uncontrolled increases in raw material prices and an uncertain guarantee of supply. This uncertainty is compounded by rising energy prices, putting the entire agrifood supply chain, which is highly energy-intensive, in crisis. In addition, the current war scenario could impact the demand for agricultural and food products by changing consumers' purchasing habits. Increasing the resilience of agri-food systems may need to become a priority for many national economic systems. In this scenario, the routes to achieve resilient agrifood systems are numerous and include reducing agriculture's dependence on energy, energy-intensive imports and raw material imports. Resilience also requires diversified import sources and market outlets through sound multilateral and bilateral trade policy.

Author : Vidit Bajoria
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 17,38 MB
Release : 2022
Category :
ISBN :

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This paper investigates the impact of the recent Covid-19 pandemic on the global food supply chains. For this research, 35 papers are taken into consideration. An extensive literature review is conducted to examine the factors affecting the disruptions in the food supply chain. The findings reveal that stringent measures such as restriction on the movement of workers, change in consumer behavior, and implementation of export bans had an adverse impact on the food supply chains. Moreover, this study reveals that meat supply chains are most vulnerable to the disruptions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, this paper provides a pathway for the managers by suggesting strategies such as adopting Industry 4.0 technologies and developing alternative resources (e.g., plant-based alternatives) to make the supply chains more resilient.