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This book is the first comprehensive treatment of Aotus, the nocturnal New World owl monkeys often used in behavioral and biomedical studies. Found in tropical forests from Nicaragua to Argentina, owl monkeys have been used in laboratories as model organisms for studies of diseases like malaria, and various forms of cancer, as well as studies of reproductive physiology and neuroanatomical structure and function. These and other recent studies of this fascinating primate are included in this new volume. As the only book devoted exclusively to owl monkeys, this volume is an invaluable addition to the library of anyone interested in primate biology, evolution, ecology, and behavior. Only book devoted entirely to owl monkeys Surveys issues that pertain to wild and captive populations Represents the breadth of studies that model organisms can engender
This book integrates three decades of owl monkey research conducted since 1994 when the first and only book focused on the genus Aotus was published. Owl monkeys were one of the least understood primates then; knowledge from wild populations was only beginning to emerge and there had been some substantial research in colonies of captive individuals. The situation is very different today. Research on captive owl monkeys has continued to develop, with valuable contributions to the health and medical sciences. And there is now enough information on the behavior, ecology, conservation, and biogeography of the genus that merits a synthesis. The book synthesizes new field data on the biogeography, behavioral ecology, circadian biology, population biology and demography spanning their entire continental range from Panamá to Argentina. It includes theoretical perspectives drawn from evolutionary biology, biological anthropology, anatomy, morphology and physiology, genetics, endocrinology and conservation biology to examine a specic set of adaptations that have allowed owl monkeys to exploit the nocturnal niche while functioning in a pair-living sexually monogamous system with remarkable patterns of paternal care. The author, with 30 years of research experience with both captive and wild primates, has directed the longest project on any owl monkey species and has conducted extensive original research on their biology, adaptive radiation and behavioral ecology. His expertise and published record on both wild populations and laboratory colonies makes this book one of a kind; it presents information from both captive and wild primates and explores questions through the integration of both approaches. The volume offers some additional features that make it novel in its approach: (1) brings together a combination of senior researchers who during four decades have established captive owl monkeys as a system of study with a new generation of younger scientists who have, for the last 10-20 years, been spearheading their study in the wild, (2) presents the work of a remarkably diverse range of authors representing all countries where owl monkeys are present, as well as researchers from the U.S and Europe, and (3) offers “synthesis” chapters; in doing so, it will surely become a reference book for those specifically drawn to owl monkeys, as well as for those interested in the research topics that are covered.
A comprehensive account of the origins, evolution, and behavior of South and Central American primates New World Monkeys brings to life the beauty of evolution and biodiversity in action among South and Central American primates, who are now at risk. These tree-dwelling rainforest inhabitants display an unparalleled variety in size, shape, hands, feet, tails, brains, locomotion, feeding, social systems, forms of communication, and mating strategies. Primatologist Alfred Rosenberger, one of the foremost experts on these mammals, explains their fascinating adaptations and how they came about. New World Monkeys provides a dramatic picture of the sixteen living genera of New World monkeys and a fossil record that shows that their ancestors have lived in the same ecological niches for up to 20 million years—only to now find themselves imperiled by the extinction crisis. Rosenberger also challenges the argument that these primates originally came to South America from Africa by floating across the Atlantic on a raft of vegetation some 45 million years ago. He explains that they are more likely to have crossed via a land bridge that once connected Western Europe and Canada at a time when many tropical mammals transferred between the northern continents. Based on the most current findings, New World Monkeys offers the first synthesis of decades of fieldwork and laboratory and museum research conducted by hundreds of scientists.
The use of tree holes and nest building behavior is uncommon among most primate species. In research facilities that house species requiring nesting sites, such as those that use tree holes in the wild, providing nest boxes is crucial to their psychological well-being. The goal of this study was to determine nest box preferences among three species of captive owl monkeys: Azara's owl monkey (Aotus azarai), Nancy Ma's owl monkey (A. nancymaae) and Spix's owl monkey (A. vociferans). The subjects were housed at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson: Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research Core and Animal Resources, Bastrop, TX. Five family groups from each species, ranging from 2-5 individuals, were observed for location and behavior from 21 June 2012 to 23 August 2012. The facility provided four different types of nest boxes: [1] a mesh box, [2] a covered box of the same size, [3] a horizontal bucket, and [4] an opaque white box. As a nocturnal species, the owl monkeys are maintained on a partial reverse light cycle and the rooms are equipped with louvers, allowing the owl monkeys to experience a "dusk" period in the lighting. While A. azarai spend more of their sleeping time in dense foliage in the wild compared to A. nancymaae and A. vociferans, in the current study, although they were provided with nest boxes meant to mimic this type of nesting site, A. azarai did not spend more time (13.6+19.1%) in the nest boxes compared to the other two species (A. vociferans 18.4+18.8% and A. nancymaae 8.1+18.0%). All three species employed a variety of sleeping sites including the nest boxes as well as other cage substrates such as the floor and perches. One factor contributing to sleep site selection was the size of the group and the size of the nest box. A. azarai are generally considered more cathemeral than the other species. In the current study, the activity level of A. azarai was much higher (77.3 + 15% resting) compared to A. nancymaae (93.3 + 11) or A. vociferans (97.9+3) during the dusk period. Dusk is usually a peak time for all owl monkey species to forage and to travel; however, in captivity the pattern may be different.
How can monkeys be both eaten as food and nurtured as children? Her research reveals that monkeys play a vital role in Guaja society, ecology, economy, and religion. In Guaja animistic beliefs, all forms of plant and animal life--especially monkeys--have souls and are woven into a comprehensive kinship system.
Before primatologist Patricia Chapple Wright became the world's foremost expert on lemurs, she was enchanted by another primate—Aotus, the owl monkey, or "monkey of the night." But along her journey to discover the behavior of these unique nocturnal creatures, Wright finds more than she expected about family, human nature, and herself. It all starts in a New York City pet shop when Wright and her husband buy an owl monkey whose lively and rambunctious ways soon lead the young couple to South America to acquire him a mate. But while Wright's monkey family is growing, her own begins to fall apart when her husband leaves her and her daughter. Undeterred by her lack of academic experience, Wright sets out as a single mother to study primate behavior in the wild, including a year at a research station in the remote jungles of Peru. There she encounters jaguars, poisonous snakes, army ants, and massive floods that threaten her and her daughter's lives, as well as moments of great clarity and beauty. From New York City in the 1960s to the depths of the Amazon in the 1970s and 80s, this story of one woman's transformation from Brooklyn housewife to an accomplished scientist will captivate fans of Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, and Biruté Galdikas. High Moon Over the Amazon is a thrilling memoir of adventure, inspiration, and of falling in love with a species not so unlike our own.
The International Encyclopedia of Primatology represents the first comprehensive encyclopedic reference focusing on the behaviour, biology, ecology, evolution, genetics, and taxonomy of human and non-human primates. Represents the first comprehensive encyclopedic reference relating to primatology Features more than 450 entries covering topics ranging from the taxonomy, history, behaviour, ecology, captive management and diseases of primates to their use in research, cognition, conservation, and representations in literature Includes coverage of the basic scientific concepts that underlie each topic, along with the latest advances in the field Highly accessible to undergraduate and graduate students in primatology, anthropology, and the medical, biological and zoological sciences Essential reference for academics, researchers and commercial and conservation organizations This work is also available as an online resource at www.encyclopediaofprimatology.com
"This book is a broad synthesis of new world monkey evolution, integrating their unique evolutionary story into the bigger picture of primate evolution and Amazon biodiversity. Capsule For more than 30 million years, New World monkeys have inhabited the forests of South and Central America. Whether these primates originally came from Africa by rafting across the Atlantic or crossing overland from North America, they soon flourished. This book tells the story of these New World monkeys. Integrating data from fossil and living animals, it explores the evolution of the three major New World monkey lineages as well as how they fit into the broader story of primate evolution and Amazon biodiversity. After providing readers with necessary background in primate taxonomy and systematics, Rosenberger shows that the notion of adaptive zones is central to our understanding of primate evolution. The idea of adaptive zones can explain how radiations evolve, morphological adaptations appear, and communities form. From here, Rosenberger synthesizes what is known about New World monkeys' unique ecological adaptations, including those involving feeding and locomotion, as well as their social behaviour. The book's concluding chapters explore theories of how primates first arrived in South America and what their future looks like given the threat of extinction. Biography Internal Use Only Alfred L. Rosenberger is Professor Emeritus of Biological Anthropology at Brooklyn College. An expert on the origin and evolution of New World Monkeys, Rosenberger has contributed numerous articles in edited volumes and his work is published in journals such as Nature, Journal of Human Evolution and American Journal of Primatology . Audience The audience for this book is scholars and graduate students in biological/physical anthropolog and primatology, and to a lesser extent conservation biology, evolutionary biology, and behavioral ecology . Rationale - no copy text Other Relevant Info - no copy text"--