[PDF] Oral Biofilms eBook

Author : S. Eick
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 32,29 MB
Release : 2020-12-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3318068527

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Biofilms are highly organized polymicrobial communities that are embedded in an extracellular matrix and formed on natural and artificial surfaces. In the oral cavity, biofilms are formed not only on natural teeth, but also on restorative materials, prosthetic constructions, and dental implants. Oral diseases like caries, gingivitis, periodontitis, and also pulp inflammation are associated with biofilms. This publication is an up-to-date overview on oral biofilms from different clinically relevant perspectives. Experts comprising basic researchers and clinicians report on recent research relating to biofilms - from general summaries to recommendations for daily clinical work. This book covers all aspects of oral biofilms, including models used in the laboratory, biofilms in dental water unit lines, periodontal and peri-implant biofilms, caries-related biofilms, halitosis, endodontic biofilms, and Candida infections, as well as biofilms on dental materials and on orthodontic appliances. Several chapters deal with anti-biofilm therapy, from the efficacy of mechanical methods and the use of antimicrobials, to alternative concepts. This publication is particularly recommended to dental medicine students, practitioners, other oral healthcare professionals, and scientists with an interest in translational research on biofilms.

Author : Andrei Cristian Ionescu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 12,24 MB
Release : 2021-04-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 303067388X

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This book provides an up-to-date perspective on oral biofilms and dental materials, equipping readers with a sound understanding of their mutual interactions. Experts from across the world comprehensively describe the main strategies that can be followed when designing modern bioactive and biomimetic dental materials, bearing in mind the goal of reducing the occurrence of pathological conditions such as secondary caries and peri-implantitis. The background to the book is the rapid expansion in the use of nanotechnologies and modern techniques to achieve levels of performance of dental materials that were unthinkable even a few years ago. Whereas conventionally dental materials have been regarded as inert, an important paradigm shift is underway: now, these materials are being conceived as bioactive and biomimetic. Modern dental materials can produce a response by interacting positively both with the host and with the biofilm permanently colonizing hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity. These materials increasingly mimic the behavior of the tissues that they are replacing. In documenting the latest knowledge in the field, this book will be of value for both scientists in the fields of nanotechnology, biofilms and dental materials and interested clinicians.

Author : Dharumadurai Dhanasekaran
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 526 pages
File Size : 43,19 MB
Release : 2016-07-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9535124358

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In the book Microbial Biofilms: Importance and applications, eminent scientists provide an up-to-date review of the present and future trends on biofilm-related research. This book is divided with four subdivisions as biofilm fundamentals, applications, health aspects, and their control. Moreover, this book also provides a comprehensive account on microbial interactions in biofilms, pyocyanin, and extracellular DNA in facilitating Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation, atomic force microscopic studies of biofilms, and biofilms in beverage industry. The book comprises a total of 21 chapters from valued contributions from world leading experts in Australia, Bulgaria, Canada, China, Serbia, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, and Turkey. This book may be used as a text or reference for everyone interested in biofilms and their applications. It is also highly recommended for environmental microbiologists, soil scientists, medical microbiologists, bioremediation experts, and microbiologists working in biocorrosion, biofouling, biodegradation, water microbiology, quorum sensing, and many other related areas. Scientists in academia, research laboratories, and industry will also find it of interest.

Author : Jana Jass
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 31,52 MB
Release : 2003-04-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780471988670

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Biofilms are formed by microorganisms growing on surfaces and comprise a series of microcolonies interspersed with spaces through which fluids and other microorganisms move. In medicine, the primary problems are biofilms associated with implants: infections are increasingly difficult to treat with traditional antibiotics and removal of the implant often becomes essential, frequently leading to higher morbidity and mortality. This will be the first book dedicated to medical biofilms. It will cover much recent information on the problems of biofilms, how to detect them and how to control their presence.

Author : Society for General Microbiology. Symposium
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 42,57 MB
Release : 2000-10-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780521793025

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The study of biofilm considers the close association of micro-organisms with each other at interfaces and is relevant to a variety of disciplines, including medicine, dentistry, bioremediation, biofouling, water technology, engineering and food science. Although the habitats studied differ widely, some common elements exist such as method of attachment, coadhesion and regulation of biofilm phenotype and architecture. This book aims to distil the common principles of biofilm physiology and growth for all interested disciplines.

Author : Regina TC. Tandelilin, Rajiv Saini
Publisher : PT Kanisius
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 13,3 MB
Release :
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9792175857

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Dental plaque represents a classic example of both a biofilm and a microbial community, in that it displays emergent properties, i.e. plaque displays properties that are more than the sum of its constituent members. The view of plaque and its constituent microorganisms have shifted from specific plaque hypothesis to a non-specific plaque hypothesis and back again to a theory of specific periodontal pathogens in plaque. Recently dental researchers have begun to view plaque as a biofilm. Oral biofilms are very heterogeneous in structure. Dense mushroom-like structures originate from the enamel surface, interspersed with bacteria-free channels used as diffusion pathways. The channels are probably filled with an extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) matrix produced by the bacteria. The bacteria engage in both cooperative and competitive interactions. In order to break down complicated host macromolecules and extract nutrition, bacteria combine their metabolic efforts. A variety of diffusible chemicals are used in cell-cell signaling, which helps the microbial community's members coordinate their gene expression. Bacteria in biofilms use a system known as "quorum-sensing" to optimize their virulence factors and survival. Dental biofilm pathogenicity in the oral cavity is magnified by two biofilm characteristics: increased antibiotic resistance and the inability of the community to be phagocytized by host inflammatory cells. The key characteristics of biofilm that could be targets for pathogen management include its behavior as an adhesive mass with viscoelastic properties, its activity as a coordinated multi species community in which cells communicate via small molecules, and its inflammatory disease potential. To understand the mechanism of change from health to disease and their interaction with the host's reactions, more in-depth information of the metabolic activities controlling and governing biological processes at the species-species level is now required. An improved understanding of biofilm will lead to new strategies for management of oral diseases. In the near future, it is expected that the correlation between biofilm maturation and activation of specific genes of the inner microorganisms will be clarified at the molecular level.

Author : Luis E. Chávez de Paz
Publisher : Springer
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 12,81 MB
Release : 2015-10-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 3662474158

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This book presents the current state of research on the basic scientific aspects of root canal biofilm biology within a clinically applicable context. Root canal biofilms are complex polymicrobial structures adhering to the root canal surface that are formed by microorganisms invading the pulpal space of teeth, and are associated with persistent root canal infections. Concerted efforts to study root canal biofilms have been made in the past decade, resulting in the publication of observational and experimental studies that detail the morphology and biology of these structures in infected root canals. In addition to confirming that bacteria in root canals do not exist in free-floating planktonic states as previously assumed, this new information on root canal biofilm infections has provided an opportunity to re-evaluate conventional clinical protocols and improve endodontic therapeutic measures.

Author : Manuel Simoes
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 36,64 MB
Release : 2020-06-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 0128194987

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Recent Trends in Biofilm Science and Technology helps researchers working on fundamental aspects of biofilm formation and control conduct biofilm studies and interpret results. The book provides a remarkable amount of knowledge on the processes that regulate biofilm formation, the methods used, monitoring characterization and mathematical modeling, the problems/advantages caused by their presence in the food industry, environment and medical fields, and the current and emergent strategies for their control. Research on biofilms has progressed rapidly in the last decade due to the fact that biofilms have required the development of new analytical tools and new collaborations between biologists, engineers and mathematicians. Presents an overview of the process of biofilm formation and its implications Provides a clearer understanding of the role of biofilms in infections Creates a foundation for further research on novel control strategies Updates readers on the remarkable amount of knowledge on the processes that regulate biofilm formation

Author : Chaminda Jayampath Seneviratne
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 36,9 MB
Release : 2017-07-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1351646427

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Microbial Biofilms: Omics Biology, Antimicrobials and Clinical Implications is a comprehensive survey of microbial biofilms and their role in human health and disease with contributions from world renowned experts in molecular microbiology, proteomics, genomics, metabolomics and infectious diseases. The book is intended to serve as a guide for students, as well as a reference for researchers, clinicians and industry professionals. The chapters cover bacterial and fungal microbiomes, and the latest omics techniques organized in a clear and up-to-date manner. One of the highlights of this book is the comprehensive information on "omics of microbial biofilms". The chapters dedicated to metagenomics, proteomics and metabolomics are designed to provide a simple and holistic review of the current knowledge and, the applications of these techniques in the field of microbial biofilms. In addition to introductory chapters on microbial biofilms and their clinical implications, subsequent chapters delve into oral biofilms, their composition, and metagenomic diversity. Thereafter, mechanisms of drug resistance in microbial biofilms are reviewed, as well as the proteomic and metabolomic characterization of this resistance. The book includes a comprehensive discussion of persister cells and host–microbial interactions on mucosal surfaces. Finally, the book concludes with a summary of novel therapeutic approaches for biofilms such as synbiotics and biogenics.