[PDF] Operational Radiation Protection In Synchrotron Light And Free Electron Laser Facilities eBook

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Page : 56 pages
File Size : 12,30 MB
Release : 2009
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The 3rd generation synchrotron radiation (SR) facilities are storage ring based facilities with many insertion devices and photon beamlines, and have low injection beam power (

Author : Richard J. Donahue
Publisher :
Page : 64 pages
File Size : 14,76 MB
Release : 2005
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There are more and more third-generation synchrotron radiation (SR) facilities in the world that utilize low emittance electron (or positron) beam circulating in a storage ring to generate synchrotron light for various types of experiments. A storage ring based SR facility consists of an injector, a storage ring, and many SR beamlines. When compared to other types of accelerator facilities, the design and practices for radiation safety of storage ring and SR beamlines are unique to SR facilities. Unlike many other accelerator facilities, the storage ring and beamlines of a SR facility are generally above ground with users and workers occupying the experimental floor frequently. The users are generally non-radiation workers and do not wear dosimeters, though basic facility safety training is required. Thus, the shielding design typically aims for an annual dose limit of 100 mrem over 2000 h without the need for administrative control for radiation hazards. On the other hand, for operational and cost considerations, the concrete ring wall (both lateral and ratchet walls) is often desired to be no more than a few feet thick (with an even thinner roof). Most SR facilities have similar operation modes and beam parameters (both injection and stored) for storage ring and SR beamlines. The facility typically operates almost full year with one-month start-up period, 10-month science program for experiments (with short accelerator physics studies and routine maintenance during the period of science program), and a month-long shutdown period. A typical operational mode for science program consists of long periods of circulating stored beam (which decays with a lifetime in tens of hours), interposed with short injection events (in minutes) to fill the stored current. The stored beam energy ranges from a few hundreds MeV to 10 GeV with a low injection beam power (generally less than 10 watts). The injection beam energy can be the same as, or lower than, the stored beam energy. However, the stored beam power (product of stored beam current and energy), which is one of the key parameters in determining the production and hazards of gas bremsstrahlung (GB) and SR in beamlines, is quite high (MW to GW levels). Because of the similar design and dose control goals as well as similar beam parameters and operation modes among SR facilities, it is highly desired and useful for SR accelerator community to have the design and practices for radiation safety of the storage ring and SR beamlines that are professionally sound and consistent. On the other hand, it can be understood that a SR facility may need to have its specific policies and practices, due to its own technical, practical, economical and/or political considerations.

Author : Eberhard J. Jaeschke
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,33 MB
Release : 2016-05-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319143934

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Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century did have such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal find of the X-rays. X-ray tubes soon made their way as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher brilliance and much extended spectral range resulted in stunning developments like the electron synchrotron and electron storage ring and the freeelectron laser. This handbook highlights these developments in fifty chapters. The reader is given not only an inside view of exciting science areas but also of design concepts for the most advanced light sources. The theory of synchrotron radiation and of the freeelectron laser, design examples and the technology basis are presented. The handbook presents advanced concepts like seeding and harmonic generation, the booming field of Terahertz radiation sources and upcoming brilliant light sources driven by laser-plasma accelerators. The applications of the most advanced light sources and the advent of nanobeams and fully coherent x-rays allow experiments from which scientists in the past could not even dream. Examples are the diffraction with nanometer resolution, imaging with a full 3D reconstruction of the object from a diffraction pattern, measuring the disorder in liquids with high spatial and temporal resolution. The 20th century was dedicated to the development and improvement of synchrotron light sources with an ever ongoing increase of brilliance. With ultrahigh brilliance sources, the 21st century will be the century of x-ray lasers and their applications. Thus, we are already close to the dream of condensed matter and biophysics: imaging single (macro)molecules and measuring their dynamics on the femtosecond timescale to produce movies with atomic resolution.

Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher :
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 31,42 MB
Release : 1990
Category : Business & Economics
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Provides practical guidance on the application of the dose limitation system contained in the Basic Safety Standards for Radiation Protection, Safety Series No. 9, to operational situations both in large nuclear installations and in much smaller facilities, with special reference to the principles of optimisation.

Author : National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements
Publisher : National Council on Radiation Protection & Measurements
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 14,52 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Biography & Autobiography
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Meinhold, C.B., Investigator, Non-NASA Center: Natl Council Radiat Prot Meas, Bethesda, MD.

Author : Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 896 pages
File Size : 10,35 MB
Release : 2016-01-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 1118844262

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During the last two decades, remarkable and often spectacular progress has been made in the methodological and instrumental aspects of x–ray absorption and emission spectroscopy. This progress includes considerable technological improvements in the design and production of detectors especially with the development and expansion of large-scale synchrotron reactors All this has resulted in improved analytical performance and new applications, as well as in the perspective of a dramatic enhancement in the potential of x–ray based analysis techniques for the near future. This comprehensive two-volume treatise features articles that explain the phenomena and describe examples of X–ray absorption and emission applications in several fields, including chemistry, biochemistry, catalysis, amorphous and liquid systems, synchrotron radiation, and surface phenomena. Contributors explain the underlying theory, how to set up X–ray absorption experiments, and how to analyze the details of the resulting spectra. X-Ray Absorption and X-ray Emission Spectroscopy: Theory and Applications: Combines the theory, instrumentation and applications of x-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies which offer unique diagnostics to study almost any object in the Universe. Is the go-to reference book in the subject for all researchers across multi-disciplines since intense beams from modern sources have revolutionized x-ray science in recent years Is relevant to students, postdocurates and researchers working on x-rays and related synchrotron sources and applications in materials, physics, medicine, environment/geology, and biomedical materials