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Author : Mary Dalrymple
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 47,15 MB
Release : 2011-06-02
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0521199859
A cross-linguistic study of how objects are affected by information structure.
Author : Kathrin Koslicki
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 539 pages
File Size : 45,44 MB
Release : 2008-04-17
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0191609137
Kathrin Koslicki offers an analysis of ordinary materials objects, those material objects to which we take ourselves to be committed in ordinary, scientifically informed discourse. She focuses particularly on the question of how the parts of such objects are related to the wholes which they compose. Many philosophers today find themselves in the grip of an exceedingly deflationary conception of what it means to be an object. According to this conception, any plurality of objects, no matter how disparate or gerrymandered, itself composes an object, even if the objects in question fail to exhibit interesting similarities, internal unity, cohesion, or causl interaction amongst each other. This commitment to initially counterintuitive objects follows from the belief that no principled set of criteria is available by means of which to distinguish intuitively gerrymandered objects from commonsensical ones; the project of this book is to persuade the reader that systematic principles can be found by means of which composition can be restricted, and hence that we need not embrace this deflationary approach to the question of what it means to be an object. To this end, a more full-blooded neo-Aristotelian account of parthood and composition is developed according to which objects are structured wholes: it is integral to the existence and identity of an object, on this conception, that its parts exhibit a certain manner of arrangement. This structure-based conception of parthood and composition is explored in detail, along with some of its historical precursors as well as some of its contemporary competitors.
Author : John Leafgren
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 47,16 MB
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027253422
This book explores factors relevant in the choices speakers and writers make in regard to explicitness of reference to the subjects and objects in their utterances. Bulgarian is a particularly felicitous target language for this type of study, since it possesses a rich inventory of available packaging techniques, ranging from zero reference, to various stressed and unstressed single forms, to actual doubled (reduplicated) constructions. The study systematically addresses the need to avoid referential and grammatical ambiguity, and the crucial influence of emphasis. Another, and perhaps most interesting central factor is the status of what the communication is about, which is assessed on two different levels. The book makes use of data from both published Bulgarian fiction and naturally occurring oral conversations. The fundamental similarities between these modes of communication with respect to noun phrase selection is demonstrated, but explanations are also proposed for the observable differences.
Author : Caroline Féry
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 993 pages
File Size : 19,84 MB
Release : 2016
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0199642672
This book provides linguists with a clear, critical, and comprehensive overview of theoretical and experimental work on information structure. Leading researchers survey the main theories of information structure in syntax, phonology, and semantics as well as perspectives from psycholinguistics and other relevant fields. Following the editors' introduction the book is divided into four parts. The first, on theories of and theoretical perspectives on information structure, includes chapters on topic, prosody, and implicature. Part 2 covers a range of current issues in the field, including focus, quantification, and sign languages, while Part 3 is concerned with experimental approaches to information structure, including processes involved in its acquisition and comprehension. The final part contains a series of linguistic case studies drawn from a wide variety of the world's language families. This volume will be the standard guide to current work in information structure and a major point of departure for future research.
Author : Timothy Gupton
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 19,46 MB
Release : 2014-10-24
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 1501500309
It is quite remarkable that, after over a half-century of generative grammar, there is still uncertainty with respect to the analysis of preverbal subjects in a number of languages. According to canonical analyses, preverbal subjects are arguments (A-elements). However, following non-canonical analyses, preverbal subjects are not arguments, but rather A’-elements that behave like topical preverbal direct and indirect objects, which have received a CLLD analysis in the literature (e.g. Cinque 1990). The implications of this debate are far-reaching for generative theory: if preverbal subjects are non-arguments, one must question the universality of the EPP (as in e.g. Alexiadou & Agnostopoulou 1998), as well as its associated features and feature-strengths. Galician is an underdocumented Romance language within the generative paradigm. In this book, I develop an experimental program for establishing clausal word order preferences for a number of information structure contexts. The preference data suggest that preverbal subjects behave like canonical elements, and not CLLD elements. These results inform the model of the preverbal field that I propose for Galician, which also takes into account the enclisis-proclisis divide and reco.
Author : Gisella Ferraresi
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 35,17 MB
Release : 2010-08-31
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 3110227479
In the last few years a lively discussion on information packaging has arisen, where traditional dichotomies Theme/Rheme, Topic/Comment and Focus/Background have been taken up again and partly reinterpreted. The discussion is mainly being held in syntax, but also in the fields of semantics and pragmatics. Some remarkable progress has been made especially in Focus phonology. Even if the role of information conveying and information packaging in the Indoeuropean languages was hinted at as early as in the classical studies of the Neogrammarians, this field has remained neglected in today's historical linguistics. This volume tries to partly cover this lack with a sample of papers which offer a various range of new empirical data analyzed from the point of view of information structure. The novelty of the papers consists in the modern theoretical perspective from which the data are analyzed and in the various phenomena considered, which range from the rise of clitic elements to word order change and verb movement. Editorial board Dr. habil. Kai Alter (Newcastle University Medical School) Prof. Dr. Ulrike Demske (Universität des Saarlandes) Prof. Dr. Ewald Lang (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin) Prof. Dr. Rosemarie Lühr (Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena) Prof. Dr. Thomas Pechmann (Universität Leipzig) Prof. em. Dr. Anita Steube (Universität Leipzig)
Author : A. Michael Berman
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 471 pages
File Size : 26,56 MB
Release : 1997
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780195108439
Bringing together the fundamental topics of a traditional introductory data structures course and the current world of C++ and object-oriented programming, Data Structures via C++: Objects by Evolution offers an evolutionary approach to the subject. It combines a sound pedagogy for teaching data structures at the introductory (CS2) level with modern ideas in software engineering and object-oriented programming. The book introduces students (and instructors) to C++ and object-oriented programming using a "just-in-time" approach which leads readers from traditional techniques to more current ideas. This text emphasizes abstraction by introducing each new data structure first as an abstract data type (ADT), then discussing the external interface, and following with implementation. The primary data structures included are lists, stacks, queues, tables, trees, and graphs. All examples are developed using C++, and advanced features are introduced as needed or just-in-time. Berman's real-world examples, such as simulation of an Ethernet, robot navigation, and expression processing, help to illustrate use of data structures in concrete terms. C++ language features and object-oriented concepts, both very useful in solving problems encountered in the course, are also covered. Techniques of object-oriented programming are introduced, with a strong emphasis on encapsulation and detailed coverage of inheritance. An overview of software engineering is presented, including discussion of the software life-cycle, design, testing, assertions and loop invariants, and abstract data types. All supporting materials will be available to faculty and students via the World Wide Web at: http: //www.rowan.edu/evolve.
Author : Anneli Meurman-Solin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 29,86 MB
Release : 2012-08-02
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0199860211
The unifying topic of this volume is the role of information structure, broadly conceived, as it interacts with the other levels of linguistic description, syntax, morphology, prosody, semantics and pragmatics.
Author : Stephane P. Demri
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 22,45 MB
Release : 2013-04-18
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 366204997X
This monograph presents a systematic, exhaustive and up-to-date overview of formal methods and theories for data analysis and inference inspired by the concept of rough set. Throughout, Demri studies structures with incomplete information from the logical, algebraic and computational perspective. The formalisms developed are non-invasive in that only the actual information that is needed in the process of analysis without external sources of information being required. The book is self-contained to a large degree, providing detailed derivations of most of the technical results, and is intended for researchers, lecturers and graduate students.
Author : Nicholas Asher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 10,56 MB
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9401117152
Reference to Abstract Objects in Discourse presents a novel framework and analysis of the ways we refer to abstract objects in natural language discourse. The book begins with a typology of abstract objects and related entities like eventualities. After an introduction to `bottom up, compositional' discourse representation theory (DRT) and to previous work on abstract objects in DRT (notably work on the semantics of the attitudes), the book turns to a semantic analysis of eventuality and abstract object denoting nominals in English. The book then substantially revises and extends the dynamic semantic framework of DRT to develop an analysis of anaphoric reference to abstract objects and eventualities that exploits discourse structure and the discourse relations that obtain between elements of the structure. A dynamic, semantically based theory of discourse structure (SDRT) is proposed, along with many illustrative examples. Two further chapters then provide the analysis of anaphoric reference to propositions VP ellipsis. The abstract entity anaphoric antecedents are elements of the discourse structures that SDRT develops. The final chapter discusses some logical and philosophical difficulties for a semantic analysis of reference to abstract objects. For semanticists, philosophers of language, computer scientists interested in natural language applications and discourse, philosophical logicians, graduate students in linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science and artificial intelligence.