[PDF] Obesity Smoking And Fatty Liver Disease eBook

Author : Amiya P. Sinha-Hikim
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 95 pages
File Size : 25,57 MB
Release : 2018-04-20
Category :
ISBN : 2889454738

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The World Health Organization Organization estimates that over 1.9 billion people worldwide are now obese or overweight [body mass index (BMI) > 27 Kg/m2]. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is now recognized as the most devastating complications of obesity. Intimate relationship exists between obesity, innate (neutrophils, dendritic cells, macrophages, mast cells, and eosinophils) and adaptive (B and T lymphocytes) immune cells. Cells of the innate immune system produce inflammatory cytokines, and other factors leading to impaired insulin secretion and insulin resistance. Likewise, B lymphocytes (mostly B2 cells) are activated in obese adipose tissue and contribute to proinflammatory activation of adipose tissue macrophages and T cells resulting in insulin resistance. Thus, obesity-induced low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue, liver, skeletal muscle, and pancreas not only activates the innate and adaptive systems affecting metabolic homeostasis, it also results in fibrosis and necrosis. It is now becoming increasingly evident that fibrosis is a major contributor to metabolic dysregulation in obese and T2D patients and that advanced liver fibrosis leads to cirrhosis and death. The health risks associated with obesity are further exaggerated by smoking. This research topic consisting of 10 articles (9 reviews and one original) provide a comprehensive assessment of the impact of obesity on immunometabolism, cardiac functions, the connections of nicotine to NAFLD, the expression of hepatic carcinoembryonic antigen related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), the role chromogranin A (CgA) and its peptides pancreastatin (PST) and catestatin (CST) in insulin sensitivity, the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function, and the alternate RNA splicing.

Author : Committee to Develop Criteria for Evaluating the Outcomes of Approaches to Prevent and Treat Obesity
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 34,95 MB
Release : 1995-03-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 030952136X

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Nearly one out of every three adults in America is obese and tens of millions of people in the United States are dieting at any one time. This has resulted in a weight-loss industry worth billions of dollars a year and growing. What are the long-term results of weight-loss programs? How can people sort through the many programs available and select one that is right for them? Weighing the Options strives to answer these questions. Despite widespread public concern about weight, few studies have examined the long-term results of weight-loss programs. One reason that evaluating obesity management is difficult is that no other treatment depends so much on an individual's own initiative and state of mind. Now, a distinguished group of experts assembled by the Institute of Medicine addresses this compelling issue. Weighing the Options presents criteria for evaluating treatment programs for obesity and explores what these criteria mean--to health care providers, program designers, researchers, and even overweight people seeking help. In presenting its criteria the authors offer a wealth of information about weight loss: how obesity is on the rise, what types of weight-loss programs are available, how to define obesity, how well we maintain weight loss, and what approaches and practices appear to be most successful. Information about weight-loss programs--their clients, staff qualifications, services, and success rates--necessary to make wise program choices is discussed in detail. The book examines how client demographics and characteristics--including health status, knowledge of weight-loss issues, and attitude toward weight and body image--affect which programs clients choose, how successful they are likely to be with their choices, and what this means for outcome measurement. Short- and long-term safety consequences of weight loss are discussed as well as clinical assessment of individual patients. The authors document the health risks of being overweight, summarizing data indicating that even a small weight loss reduces the risk of disease and depression and increases self-esteem. At the same time, weight loss has been associated with some poor outcomes, and the book discusses the implications for program evaluation. Prevention can be even more important than treatment. In Weighing the Options, programs for population groups, efforts targeted to specific groups at high risk for obesity, and prevention of further weight gain in obese individuals get special attention. This book provides detailed guidance on how the weight-loss industry can improve its programs to help people be more successful at long-term weight loss. And it provides consumers with tips on selecting a program that will improve their chances of permanently losing excess weight.

Author : Naga Chalasani
Publisher : Springer
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 17,60 MB
Release : 2015-12-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 3319205382

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This volume is the first text to concisely yet comprehensively cover developments for both alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in an organized fashion. Aspects of these two diseases covered in the book include global epidemiology and risk factors, pathogenesis, animal models, hepatic and extra-hepatic malignancies, treatment models, and current and emerging therapies. Written by experts in the field, Alcoholic and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Bench to Bedside is a valuable resource for gastroenterologists, pathologists, and hepatologists who treat patients with alcoholic and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Author : Zobair Younossi
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 48,1 MB
Release : 2014-02-28
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0323266657

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Internationally renowned experts present topics related to obesity, nutrition, and liver disease in this issue. In the first article, the epidemiology of obesity and its association with liver disease are covered. The following two articles focus on the roles that visceral adipose tissue and microbiota potentially play in the pathogenesis of obesity-related liver disease. The next article focuses on the hepatic pathology seen in patients with obesity-related liver disease and those with malnutrition. The next five articles are focused on NAFLD and provide in-depth data on the natural history and treatment strategies for patients with NAFLD. The next six articles deal with the impact of obesity on other liver diseases and on special populations including children and liver-transplant recipients. The final article provides the most updated information regarding genomics and genetic targets that may provide better prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers and more personalized treatment targets for patients with NAFLD. Cutting-edge information in this issue will help readers gain better understanding of the natural history and pathogenesis of primary and secondary liver diseases associated with obesity. As the information about obesity-related liver disease expands, clinicians will be able to provide more targeted therapeutic options for these patients and develop more accurate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.

Author : Jun Yu
Publisher : Springer
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 49,45 MB
Release : 2018-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9811086842

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This volume covers a state-of-the-art illustration of recent discoveries concerning obesity-related fatty liver diseases and liver cancer. The contents are extensive and comprehensive. It brings important topics in the field all together under one umbrella, from epidemiology and etiology, molecular pathogenesis, cellular biology, epigenetics, immunology, microbiology, animal models to therapeutic approaches and treatments. All the book contributors are leading experts in the field. It will appeal to researchers, clinicians and graduate students in obesity, fatty liver diseases, GI/Liver cancer field. It may also yield benefits for pharmaceutical companies with regard to drug discovery.

Author : Jean Baker
Publisher : Charles Jesuseyitan Adebola
Page : 149 pages
File Size : 25,78 MB
Release : 2018-02-11
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 8832535068

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Fatty liver, if not corrected, is often a set off for various diseases and conditions such as: diabetes, inflammation (steatohepatitis), heart diseases, liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma), liver scarring (cirrhosis), obesity and untimely death. Fatty liver is the leading cause of liver failure and 3/4 of American adults are affected by fatty liver disease without knowing it. Your liver's health and wellbeing is very important to several other organs in your body; consequently it becomes equally important to take adequate care of the liver and reverse fatty liver disease. This book proffers easy and effective solutions to correct and reverse fatty liver by eating right and making few other lifestyle changes. In this book you will discover how to prevent and reverse fatty liver disease, reduce inflammation, increase energy, control your weight, detoxify the blood and improve your immune function. You will find 80 effective and delicious homemade recipes that will prevent and reverse fatty liver and promote the overall health of your liver.

Author : Judith Wylie-Rosett
Publisher : Bentham Science Publishers
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 20,29 MB
Release : 2015-04-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1681080362

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Globalization and economic progress has been accompanied with an increase in the incidence of obesity, cardiovascular disease and other non-communicable illnesses worldwide among populations in some countries. Obesity and Disease examines how these rising epidemics of obesity and other lifestyle problems are changing health guidelines globally - from directing health care professionals on how to care for individuals to encouraging them to embrace the interconnected systems involved in chronic disease risk management, prevention and treatment. With a focus on systems, this reference serves as an excellent resource on how to develop a more comprehensive approach to population health. Starting with a systematic approach to health risk assessment in section one, followed by a targeted approach to risk reduction and prevention in section two, the eBook moves along seamlessly into section three calling for a shared responsibility toward strengthening health systems globally that can help determine and improve upon the health of individuals, and societies across the world. Obesity and Disease gives applicable concepts to readers in a multidisciplinary and collaborative approach to alter health systems and implement changes that promote health and wellness in the communities they serve and live in. The information and resources in this eBook also serve as a guideline for collaborations across professional associations with a goal of developing strategic plans to combat obesity and diabetes.

Author : Paul J. Gaglio
Publisher : Clinics: Internal Medicine
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,95 MB
Release : 2016-04-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323416962

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Due to the current obesity epidemic, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent in a significant portion of the United States patient population. It is being increasingly recognized that NAFLD affects both adults and children and can progress to end stage liver disease with resultant cirrhosis, portal hypertension, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In addition, several extrahepatic conditions may be linked to NAFLD including cardiovascular disease, insulin requiring and type 2 diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea, colonic adenomas, hyperuricemia, vitamin D deficiency, hyperferritinemia, pancreatic steatosis, hypothyroidism, and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Therapies for NAFLD are evolving rapidly. This issue will analyze patient demographics, risk factors, pathophysiology, patient presentation, and treatments for NAFLD.

Author : Ayse Basak Engin
Publisher : Springer
Page : 618 pages
File Size : 14,50 MB
Release : 2017-06-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 331948382X

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Due to the resultant health consequences and considerable increase in prevalence, obesity has become a major worldwide health problem. “Obesity and Lipotoxicity” is a comprehensive review of the recent researches to provide a better understanding of the lipotoxicity-related mechanisms of obesity and the potential for the development of new treatment strategies. This book overviews the biochemical pathways leading to obesity-related metabolic disorders that occur subsequent to lipotoxicity. Chapters examine the deleterious effects of nutrient excess at molecular level including the cellular and molecular aspects of breast cancer, resistance to leptin, insulin, adiponectin, and interconnection between the circadian clock and metabolic pathways during high-fat feeding. “Lipotoxicity and Obesity” will be a useful resource for clinicians and basic science researchers, such as biochemists, toxicologists, immunologists, nutritionists, adult and pediatric endocrinologists, cardiologists, as well as students who are thought in this field.