[PDF] Notes On Crime And Delinquency eBook

Author : Ernest Bryant Hoag
Publisher : Forgotten Books
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 19,15 MB
Release : 2015-06-02
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781330008638

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Excerpt from Notes on Crime and Delinquency Development of the Science of Criminology. - Criminology as a system first developed in the eighteenth century. Beccaria summed up the best writings on this subject in 1774 in a book called "Crimes and Punishments." This became the standard for reform in criminal procedure. Its influence is still felt. From it the Classical School took origin. The Classical School was founded on the writings of eighteenth-century Philosophers. This school dominated codes and procedures of the nineteenth century and still influences those of today. The Classical School held that a certain crime must always be punished in the same manner, because all persons are equal; therefore all committing the same crime are equally responsible. Attention was fixed not on the criminal, but on the crime. The theory of punishment was based on deterrence through intimidation. All the principles of the Classical School were based upon the theory of Free Will and the personal moral responsibility of the criminal. All were therefore equally responsible and no individual study of the criminal was necessary. The Neo-classical School developed from the Classical. This school held that some exceptions must be made according to the degree of personal responsibility. It possessed little means, however, of determining this degree of responsibility, and made few exceptions. The Correctionalist School introduced the idea of correction through moral reform of the individual instead of correction through fear alone. The fundamental principles of the classical School were little changed by by the newer schools. these principles still remain essentially the same as when formulated by Beccaria in 1774. Influence of the Classical School. - The Classical, Neo-classical and correctionalist schools paved the way for a new science of criminology. These older schools founded an orderly system based upon definite codes and procedures which had before hardly existed. Philosophy versus Science. - The attempt was made by the older schools to fit the penalty to social requirement. The theory of punishment and reform was not based on biological science: a philosophy rather than a science. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 23,41 MB
Release : 2001-06-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 0309172357

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Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.

Author : Travis Hirschi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 50,59 MB
Release : 2017-07-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1351529714

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In Causes of Delinquency, Hirschi attempts to state and test a theory of delinquency, seeing in the delinquent a person relatively free of the intimate attachments, the aspirations, and the moral beliefs that bind most people to a life within the law. In prominent alternative theories, the delinquent appears either as a frustrated striver forced into delinquency by his acceptance of the goals common to us all, or as an innocent foreigner attempting to obey the rules of a society that is not in position to make the law or define conduct as good or evil. Hirschi analyzes a large body of data on delinquency collected in Western Contra Costa County, California, contrasting throughout the assumptions of the strain, control, and cultural deviance theories. He outlines the assumptions of these theories and discusses the logical and empirical difficulties attributed to each of them. Then draws from sources an outline of social control theory, the theory that informs the subsequent analysis and which is advocated here.Often listed as a Citation Classic, Causes of Delinquency retains its force and cogency with age. It is an important volume and a necessary addition to the libraries of sociologists, criminologists, scholars and students in the area of delinquency.

Author : National Council on Crime and Delinquency
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 47,5 MB
Release : 1986
Category :
ISBN :

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The journal has advanced research in criminology and criminal justice. Through articles, research notes, review essays and special issues. The Journal of Research in Crime andDelinquency continues to keep you up-to-date on contemporary issues and controversieswithin the criminal justice field. Devoted to original research in crime and delinquency, newtheory and the critical analysis of theories and concepts especially pertinent to researchdevelopment in this field.

Author : Barry A. Krisberg
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 37,23 MB
Release : 2017-02-14
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1506329241

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Juvenile Justice and Delinquency brings into focus the causes of delinquency and provides students with a broad, up-to-date review of the latest research, statistical data, theories, and court decisions in the U.S. juvenile justice system. Author Barry Krisberg writes from a research-based approach which offers students pragmatic solutions to problems within the system—focusing on the reformative power of redemptive justice. Students will take away a foundational understanding of the current policies and issues shaping the juvenile justice system and practical strategies for helping juveniles improve and move their lives in a more positive direction.

Author : Ramesh Deosaran
Publisher : Ian Randle Publishers
Page : 721 pages
File Size : 24,65 MB
Release : 2007
Category : Crime
ISBN : 9766372969

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This reader presents fresh insights on the rapidly expanding and changing crime-related problems in the Caribbean as well as provides information on new dimensions of crime and criminology that are occurring with increasing regularity. A path-breaking and comprehensive work, Crime Delinquency and Justice: A Caribbean Reader has come at a time when all societies in the Caribbean region are grappling with crime in all its forms; and when the structure of the justice system on which all these societies are founded is being challenged to adjust to changes in society locally and internationally. The work addresses both theoretical and practical issues indicated by the broad range of areas covered including: Theorizing a Caribbean Criminology; Juvenile Delinquency and Public Policy; Domestic Violence and the Criminal Justice System; Community Policing, Police Styles and Use of Force; Corrections; Crime Statistics; the Jury System; Drug Trafficking; Terrorism, Social Upheaval and Political Violence and Human Trafficking. Much of the contributions are research and data-driven and overall have policy development as their focus. This makes the volume suitable for courses in criminology and criminal justice at both the undergraduate and graduate levels as well as for specialist courses in various aspects of policing and law enforcement.

Author : Regoli
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 31,75 MB
Release : 2016-08-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1284126390

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Delinquency in Society, Tenth Edition provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of juvenile delinquency, criminal behavior, and status-offending youths.