[PDF] North Koreas Planned Economy And Marketization eBook

Author : Yang Mun-su
Publisher : 길잡이미디어
Page : 127 pages
File Size : 28,34 MB
Release : 2015-11-10
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ISBN :

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CHAPTER 1: Conventional Planned Economy 1. Framework of a Planned Economy 2. Taean Work System & Unified and Detailed Planning 3. System for Distribution of Food Rations and Other Necessities CHAPTER 2: Planned Economy after the Economic Crisis 1. Contraction and Weakening of the Planned Economy 2. Generalization of Direct Control by the Supreme Leader 3. Collapse of the Ration Distribution System CHAPTER 3: Development of North Korea’s Market ization 1. Conceptual Framework 2. Economic Crisis of the 1990s and the Arduous March 3. After the July 1 Economic Management Improvement Measures 4. Since the Latter Half of the 2000s: Between Restriction and Tolerance of Markets CHAPTER 4: Development, Status, and Structure of North Korea’s Marketization 1. Foreign Dependency of Marketization 2. Rise of Monopolies and Oligopolies & Wealth Disparity due to Collusion Between Government and Businesses 3. Prolonged Marketization and Its Establishment 4. Evaluation of Marketization CHAPTER 5: Characteristics of North Korea’s Dual Economic Structure 1. Dual Economic Structure with Ambiguous Boundaries 2. Coexistence of the Planned and Market Economies 3. Supplementary and Conflicting Relations Between the Planned and Market Economies 4. The North Korean Government’s Dilemma CHAPTER 6: Future of North Korea’s Dual Economic Structure 1. Elements that Spread and Restrain Marketization in North Korea 2. Future Prospects for Marketization in North Korea

Author : Hyung-Gon Jeong
Publisher :
Page : 5 pages
File Size : 25,70 MB
Release : 2013
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The changes taking place in North Korea's political, military, and economic aspects since Kim Jong-un inherited power, are drawing the world's attention. In particular, as the Kim Jong-un regime places greater importance on the economy, there is a growing international interest as to whether the new economic measures will bring about positive changes in North Korea. Current policies of the North bear many startling resemblances to the reform policies of former socialist countries. At present, the time might not yet be ripe for predicting North Korea's full transition to a market economy. However, the Stalinist state has been placed in an abnormal situation where a planned economy and markets coexist in the country. As it is not likely that the socialist-planned economy would prosper in such a situation, for North Korea, the transition to a market economy is almost inevitable.This report studies the marketization of North Korea and seeks to forecast the possibility of change in its economic system in commemoration of the advent of the new Kim Jong-un regime as well as the tenth anniversary of the “July 1st Economic Reform Measures” in 2012. The advances in marketization are likely to result in the weakening of the state control of North Korean authorities. In addition, the spread of markets suggests the high possibility of transition to a market economy, which occurred previously in socialist states in Eastern Europe and China.

Author : Park Hyeong Jung, Choi Sahyun
Publisher : 길잡이미디어
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 48,36 MB
Release : 2014-10-29
Category : Economic development
ISBN : 8984797650

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The history of North Korea's fiscal segmentation can be categorized largely into four periods headed by different entities. First, between 1953 and 1972, Kim Il-sung created special budget to maintain political power. Second, from 1972 to 1984, Kim Jong-il gave birth to suryong economy to consolidate hereditary power succession. Third, from 1985 to 1994, party-state agencies began foreign currency earning activites. Finally, from 1995 to the present, in addition to the suryong economyand major party-state bodies, the foreign currency earning activities of party-state bodies for off-budget revenue have been gereralized and become the backbone of North Korean party-state bodies' budget system. This paper addresses the process of fiscal segmentation from the second period onwards. 1.Fiscal Segmentation in North Korea 2.1972－1984: Advent of Suryong Economy and the Expansion of the Market A. The Rise of Suryong Economy B. Economic Hardship and the Expansion of the Market C.The Monopoly of Foreign Currency Earnings by the Party Center D. The Decay of the Planned-Economy 3.1985－1995: Surge in Foreign Currency Earning Activities of Major Party-state Agencies A. Expansion of Foreign Currency Earning Agencies B. The Generalization of Foreign Currency Earning Activities of the Party-State Agencies in the Early 1990s 4.Post 1995: ‘Songun (Military First)’ Policy and the Expansion of the Market A. The Generalization of Public Agencies’ Foreign Currency Earning B. Kim Jong-il’s Style of Economic Management C. Agents of the Private Economy Strengthened 5. Summary and Conclusion

Author : Byung-Yeon Kim
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 42,3 MB
Release : 2017-06-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1107183790

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A comprehensive, systematic analysis of the North Korean economy, exposing its hidden workings through quantitative data analysis and surveys.

Author : Eun Kwan Choi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 41,31 MB
Release : 2003-08-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1134408706

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Mention North Korea to people today and they will conjure up many unflattering images, particularly in the wake of George W. Bush denouncing the state as part of an "axis of evil". Despite this cold war type rhetoric, the state of North Korea has begun to recognise the difficult challenges that it faces and is now trying to get to grips with them systematically. This book brings together a selection of many of the world experts on the North Korean economy and covers such important issues as: *possible unification with South Korea *the significance of China's economic success *Europe and the United States' roles in North Korea North Korea in the World Economy provides an accessible, well-written and comprehensive account of this unique country and its economy. It will be extremely interesting not only for students and academics with an interest in Korean studies, international finance and transition economies but also for anyone with an interest in international economics.

Author : Nicholas Eberstadt
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 466 pages
File Size : 11,84 MB
Release : 2017-09-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1351478265

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Viewed from afar, North Korea may appear bizarre, or positively irrational. But as Nicholas Eberstadt demonstrates in this meticulously researched volume, there is a grim coherence to North Korea's political economy, and a ruthless logic undergirding it--one that unreservedly subordinates economic welfare to augmentation of political power. Thus, paradoxically, even as official policies and practices consign the DPRK economy to a perilous realm between crisis and catastrophe, the country's leadership maintains unchallenged domestic control and has actually managed to increase its international influence.Through painstaking collection of hard-to-uncover data and careful analysis, Eberstadt provides a quantitative tableau of North Korea's terrible failure in its economic race against South Korea; its stubborn adherence to policies all but guaranteed to stifle growth and undermine economic performance; and the longstanding official effort to ignore, or mitigate, pressures for economic reform.Eberstadt is skeptical of optimistic accounts from South Korea and elsewhere suggesting that the North Korean leadership is interested in resolving the current nuclear impasse, and getting on with the business of reform and development. So long as Pyongyang's rulers entertain the ambition of reunifying the Korean peninsula on its own terms, Eberstadt argues, economic reforms worthy of the name will be subversive of state authority--and vigilantly resisted by Pyongyang's rulers. This authoritative volume has received widespread attention from Asian specialists, well as those concerned with nuclear proliferation and world peace, and international relations professionals in general.

Author : Andrew Yeo
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 149 pages
File Size : 21,3 MB
Release : 2021-11-04
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1108897428

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Under Kim Jong-un, North Korea has experienced growing economic markets, an emerging 'nouveau riche,' and modest levels of urban development. To what extent is North Korean politics and society changing? How has the growth of markets transformed state-society relations? This Element evaluates the shifting relationship between state, society, and markets in a deeply authoritarian context. If the regime implements controlled economic measures, extracts rent, and subsumes the market economy into its ideology, the state will likely retain strong authoritarian control. Conversely, if it fails to incorporate markets into its legitimating message, as private actors build informal trust networks, share information, and collude with state bureaucrats, more fundamental changes in state-society relations are in order. By opening the 'black box' of North Korea, this Element reveals how the country manages to teeter forward, and where its domestic future may lie.

Author :
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 19,90 MB
Release : 2022
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Over the past three decades, North Korea has experienced a period of economic change, most notably in the development of the market. North Korea maintains that it operates a tightly controlled planned economy, the elements of which are poorly understood by the international community. Currently, the economic system is supported by informal market activities that are the main source of income for the majority of ordinary economic players. Accordingly, economic researchers around the world have pivoted their focus toward the market activities in North Korea. In this issue of Dialogue, the KDI Office of North Korean Economic Studies invited Professor Moon-Soo Yang to share his knowledge on the basic elements of the North Korean market, directing particular attention to its unique development, structure, and recent changes. Professor Moon-Soo Yang is a leading researcher at the University of North Korean Studies, whose career has consistently dedicated focus to rigorous investigation and understanding of the North Korean market.