[PDF] Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions Final Report eBook

Author :
Publisher :
Page : 6 pages
File Size : 43,45 MB
Release : 1998
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ISBN :

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This is the final report of a one-year, Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) project at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). Non-equilibrium phase transitions play a central role in a very broad range of scientific areas, ranging from nuclear, particle, and astrophysics to condensed matter physics and the material and biological sciences. The aim of this project was to explore the path to a deeper and more fundamental understanding of the common physical principles underlying the complex real time dynamics of phase transitions. The main emphasis was on the development of general theoretical tools to deal with non-equilibrium processes, and of numerical methods robust enough to capture the time-evolving structures that occur in actual experimental situations. Specific applications to Laboratory multidivisional efforts in relativistic heavy-ion physics (transition to a new phase of nuclear matter consisting of a quark-gluon plasma) and layered high-temperature superconductors (critical currents and flux flow at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory) were undertaken.

Author : Ricardo Puebla
Publisher : Springer
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 30,64 MB
Release : 2018-09-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 3030006530

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In this book, the equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties of continuous phase transitions are studied in various systems, with a special emphasis on understanding how well-established universal traits at equilibrium may be extended into the dynamic realm, going beyond the paradigmatic Kibble–Zurek mechanism of defect formation. This book reports on the existence of a quantum phase transition in a system comprising just a single spin and a bosonic mode (the quantum Rabi model). Though critical phenomena are inherent to many-body physics, the author demonstrates that this small and ostensibly simple system allows us to explore the rich phenomenology of phase transitions, both in- and out-of-equilibrium. Moreover, the universal traits of this quantum phase transition may be realized in a single trapped-ion experiment, thus avoiding the need to scale up the number of constituents. In this system, the phase transition takes place in a suitable limit of system parameters rather than in the conventional thermodynamic limit – a novel notion that the author and his collaborators have dubbed the finite-component system phase transition. As such, the results gathered in this book will open promising new avenues in our understanding and exploration of quantum critical phenomena.

Author : Malte Henkel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 50,73 MB
Release : 2008-11-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 1402087659

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This book describes two main classes of non-equilibrium phase-transitions: static and dynamics of transitions into an absorbing state, and dynamical scaling in far-from-equilibrium relaxation behavior and ageing.

Author : Taiki Haga
Publisher : Springer
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 37,35 MB
Release : 2019-01-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9811361711

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This book investigates phase transitions and critical phenomena in disordered systems driven out of equilibrium. First, the author derives a dimensional reduction property that relates the long-distance physics of driven disordered systems to that of lower dimensional pure systems. By combining this property with a modern renormalization group technique, the critical behavior of random field spin models driven at a uniform velocity is subsequently investigated. The highlight of this book is that the driven random field XY model is shown to exhibit the Kosterlitz–Thouless transition in three dimensions. This is the first example of topological phase transitions in which the competition between quenched disorder and nonequilibrium driving plays a crucial role. The book also includes a pedagogical review of a renormalizaion group technique for disordered systems.