[PDF] Mitochondrial Gene Expression eBook

Author : Michal Minczuk
Publisher : Humana
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 45,51 MB
Release : 2020-12-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781071608333

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This volume details the most recent advancements in the field of mitochondrial gene expression. Chapters guide readers through methods and protocols on mtDNA replication, transcription, and translation to membrane insertion of the mtDNA-encoded protein products. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Mitochondrial Gene Expression: Methods and Protocols aims to provide complementary approaches and practical guidelines. Chapter 7 is available Open Access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Author : Michal Minczuk
Publisher : Humana
Page : 333 pages
File Size : 46,29 MB
Release : 2021-12-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781071608364

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This volume details the most recent advancements in the field of mitochondrial gene expression. Chapters guide readers through methods and protocols on mtDNA replication, transcription, and translation to membrane insertion of the mtDNA-encoded protein products. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Mitochondrial Gene Expression: Methods and Protocols aims to provide complementary approaches and practical guidelines. Chapter 7 is available Open Access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Author : Giuseppe Attardi
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
Page : 658 pages
File Size : 17,18 MB
Release : 1996
Category : Aging
ISBN : 9780121821654

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The critically acclaimed laboratory standard for forty years, Methods in Enzymology is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerlyawaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. More than 250 volumes have been published (all of them still in print) and much of the material is relevant even today--truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences. Key Features * Structural and functional analysis of oxidative phosphorylation complexes * Import of proteins and RNA into mitochondria * Ion and metabolite transport systems in mitochondria * Biophysical methods for mitochondrial function analysis * Mitochondrial inheritance and turnover.

Author : Maria Isabel Guadalupe Lopez Sanchez
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 18,39 MB
Release : 2014
Category :
ISBN :

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Human mitochondrial DNA is a distinct, compact genetic system that encodes proteins crucial for energy metabolism in the cell. Due to its reduced size and relatively simple organisation, all the regulatory factors directing the expression of the mitochondrial genome are encoded by nuclear DNA. It is evident that mitochondrial gene expression is regulated at different levels, which is reflected by the numerous diseases associated with mutations in both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA-encoded mitochondrial proteins. Research focusing on the identification and characterisation of RNA-binding proteins as regulators of mitochondrial function is ongoing. However, the components and mechanisms involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial DNA are not well understood. The aim of this research project was to investigate different aspects of the regulation of human mitochondrial gene expression via the direct action of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins on RNA metabolism. First, I validated the proteins responsible for 5' end processing of mitochondrial precursor transcripts and identified the protein responsible for 3' end processing cleavage, showing that they are important for mitochondrial function. Next, I studied a previously uncharacterised mitochondrial ribosomal subunit protein and found that it is an important factor in the regulation of protein synthesis. Finally, I examined a protein that has multiple and independent functions in the organelle and identified it as a new target for the estrogenic modulation of mitochondrial gene expression via the estrogen receptor alpha. Both the nuclear and the mitochondrial genomes contribute to the mitochondrial proteome and hence to mitochondrial function. Because mitochondria possess a genome that is central to multiple cellular functions, understanding the different levels and mechanisms involved in the regulation of mitochondrial gene expression is essential in elucidating the contribution of mitochondrial dysfunction to human disease.

Author : Jorge Cruz-Reyes
Publisher : Springer
Page : 255 pages
File Size : 32,20 MB
Release : 2018-06-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 3319781901

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This volume focuses on mitochondrial RNA metabolism, emphasizing recent discoveries and technological advances in this fast moving area that increase our understanding of mitochondrial gene function. Topics addressed include the interplay of mitochondria with the nucleus and cytosol, structure-function connections, and relevance to human disease. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, and a great deal is known about mitochondrial energy metabolism. Less well known is the plethora of amazing mechanisms that have evolved to control expression of mitochondrial genomes. Several RNA processes and machineries in protozoa, plants, flies and humans are discussed, including: transcription and RNA polymerase mechanism; tRNA processing of 5′ and 3′ ends; mRNA maturation by nucleotide insertion/deletion editing and by RNA splicing; mRNA stability; and RNA import. Specialized factors and ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) examined include pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins, RNase P, polymerases, helicases, nucleases, editing and repair enzymes. Remarkable features of these processes and factors are either not found outside mitochondria, differ substantially among eukaryotic lineages, or are unique in biology.

Author : Lawrence H. Lash
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 527 pages
File Size : 28,76 MB
Release : 2013-10-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 1483218619

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Methods in Toxicology, Volume 2: Mitochondrial Dysfunction provides a source of methods, techniques, and experimental approaches for studying the role of abnormal mitochondrial function in cell injury. The book discusses the methods for the preparation and basic functional assessment of mitochondria from liver, kidney, muscle, and brain; the methods for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction in vivo and in intact organs; and the structural aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction are addressed. The text also describes chemical detoxification and metabolism as well as specific metabolic reactions that are especially important targets or indicators of damage. The methods for measurement of alterations in fatty acid and phospholipid metabolism and for the analysis and manipulation of oxidative injury and antioxidant systems are also considered. The book further tackles additional methods on mitochondrial energetics and transport processes; approaches for assessing impaired function of mitochondria; and genetic and developmental aspects of mitochondrial disease and toxicology. The text also looks into mitochondrial DNA synthesis, covalent binding to mitochondrial DNA, DNA repair, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the context of developing individuals and cellular differentiation. Microbiologists, toxicologists, biochemists, and molecular pharmacologists will find the book invaluable.

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 485 pages
File Size : 11,74 MB
Release : 2012-11-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 0123944422

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Advances in Botanical Research publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences. Features a wide range of reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology and ecology. This thematic volume features reviews on Mitochondrial genome evolution. Publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences Features a wide range of reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology and ecology This thematic volume features reviews on mitochondrial genome evolution

Author : Bernhard Kadenbach
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 19,76 MB
Release : 2012-06-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1461435730

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This book will describe the nuclear encoded genes and their expressed proteins of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Most of these genes occur in eukaryotic cells, but not in bacteria or archaea. The main function of mitochondria, the synthesis of ATP, is performed at subunits of proton pumps (complexes I, III, IV and V), which are encoded on mitochondrial DNA. The nuclear encoded subunits have mostly a regulatory function. However, the specific physiological functions of the nuclear encoded subunits of complexes I, III, IV, and V are mostly unknown. New data indicates that they are essential for life of higher organisms, which is characterized by an adult life without cell division (postmeiotic stage) in most tissues, after the juvenile growth. For complex IV (cytochrome c oxidase) some of these subunits occur in tissue-specific (subunits IV, VIa, VIb, VIIa, VIII), developmental-specific (subunits IV, VIa, and VIIa) as well as species-specific isoforms. Defective genes of some subunits were shown to induce mitochondrial diseases. Mitochondrial genes and human diseases will also be covered.