[PDF] Mineralized Intrusion Related Skarn Systems eBook

Author : Gerald E. Ray
Publisher :
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 38,9 MB
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN :

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Skarns in British Columbia have historically been important sources of iron, tungsten, copper, and gold. This publication begins with an introduction on skarn terminology and the problems of skarn identification. It then reviews a genetic model of skarn formation and presents descriptive profiles of eight types of skarn deposits; describes the database of at least 735 skarn occurrences in the province, and the number and distribution of skarns in British Columbia according to their associations, class, age, and distribution; and notes the ages of British Columbia skarns and the total production of various metals extracted from British Columbia skarns. Subsequent sections provide information on assays and metal ratios of mineralized skarns, skarn mineralogy, skarn mineral chemistry, chemistry of skarn-related intrusions, and the mapping and evaluation of skarns. The appendix contains a listing of 735 skarn occurrences in British Columbia, giving deposit name, MINFILE number, latitude/longitude, elements and minerals present, and associated rocks and their ages.

Author : Ronald Massawe
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 27,34 MB
Release : 2018
Category : Metasomatism (Mineralogy)
ISBN :

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Northern New Brunswick and the adjacent Gaspé Peninsula of Québec host numerous contact metasomatic Cu–Au skarn deposits commonly in proximity to small Siluro–Devonian intermediate to felsic stocks and/or dikes. In this region, specifically northern New Brunswick, skarn occurrences are principally hosted within the late Ordovician to early Silurian Matapédia Group, which consists of thin-bedded, dark grey argillaceous limestone and calcareous siltstone. This thesis investigated Cu–Ag skarn occurrences at the McKenzie Gulch (MG) area in northern New Brunswick by integrating field observations, petrographic, petrochemical, electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), fluid inclusions, geochronology (U–Pb zircon and titanite), stable S isotopes, and radiogenic Pb isotopes with the main objective being to understand the petrogenesis of skarn occurrences and establish their relationship to the intrusive rocks. This investigation involved the evaluation of porphyry dikes that are spatially and temporally related to these skarn systems by examining potential parameters that are known to be associated with the genesis of intrusion-related deposits. These magmatic aspects include oxidation state of the magma, water content, P–T conditions, in addition to magma source characteristics, formation, petrochemistry, evolution and emplacement conditions. As a result, two suites of porphyry dikes were recognized in the MG area during this evaluation: (1) plagioclase–hornblende (P–H), and (2) quartz–plagioclase (Q–P) porphyry suites. These Middle Devonian (386.0 ± 2.3 Ma) intrusive rocks are mildly oxidized, I-type granitoids with calc-alkaline affinity that range in composition from granodioritic to tonalitic (with few granitic), based on their petrochemical features. These dikes also exhibit adakite characteristics, a geochemical feature that has been widely associated with many porphyry Cu (and skarn) systems. Petrochemical features and cathodoluminescence (CL) characteristics of quartz crystals from these suites of dikes suggest that two magma chambers were responsible for evolution of these intrusive rocks. The three types of quartz crystals with contrasting CL features have been attributed to at least three different environments of crystallization: 1) a higher temperature environment (up to 915 oC) as recorded by cores of phenocrysts with high Ti concentrations (up to 200 ppm); 2) a moderate to high temperature (≥ 700 ≤ 750 oC) environment as recorded by the transition zones within quartz phenocrysts and microphenocrysts; and 3) a low temperature environment in which groundmass quartz quench crystallized during hypabyssal dike emplacement. Studies of the mineral chemistry showed that composition of calc-silicates (i.e., garnets and pyroxene) have intimate relationship with the dominant metal of the mineralized skarns. These calc-silicate phases plot in their respective compositional fields of Cu-dominated skarns. The investigation conducted on fluid inclusion, geochronology, stable isotope, and mineralization supports field observations, which indicates that skarn formations at the MG area have an association with the intruding porphyry dikes and that this skarn is very similar to and shows no difference with the characteristics of other world-class, intrusion-related skarn systems. Geochronological studies based on U–Pb zircon and hydrothermal titanite indicates a coeval relationship between mineralization and dikes emplacement, suggesting that mineralization in the MG area is short lived or it occurred near the end of magmatic-hydrothermal activity.

Author : Alcides Nóbrega Sial
Publisher : Geological Society of London
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 43,12 MB
Release : 2011
Category : Granite
ISBN : 9781862393219

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This volume brings together a collection of papers that summarize current ideas and recent progress in the study of granite-related mineralization systems. They provide a combination of field, experimental and theoretical studies. Papers are grouped according to the main granite-related ore systems: granite-pegmatite, skarn and greisen-veins, porphyry, orogenic gold, intrusion-related, epithermal and porphyry-related gold and base metal, iron oxide-copper-gold (IOCG), and special case studies. The studies provide a broad spread in terms of both space and time, highlighting granite-related ore deposits from Europe (Russia, Sweden, Croatia and Turkey), the Middle East (Iran), Asia (Japan and China) and South America (Brazil and Argentina) and spanning rocks from Palaeoproterozoic to Miocene in age.

Author : Swapan Kumar Haldar
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 437 pages
File Size : 45,21 MB
Release : 2020-07-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 0323851363

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Introduction to Mineralogy and Petrology, second edition, presents the essentials of both disciplines through an approach accessible to industry professionals, academic researchers, and students alike. This new edition emphasizes the relationship between rocks and minerals, right from the structures created during rock formation through the economics of mineral deposits. While petrology is classified on the lines of geological evolution and rock formation, mineralogy speaks to the physical and chemical properties, uses, and global occurrences for each mineral, emphasizing the need for the growth of human development. The primary goal is for the reader to identify minerals in all respects, including host-rocks, and mineral deposits, with additional knowledge of mineral-exploration, resource, extraction, process, and ultimate use. To help provide a comprehensive analysis across ethical and socio-economic dimensions, a separate chapter describes the hazards associated with minerals, rocks, and mineral industries, and the consequences to humanity along with remedies and case studies. New to the second edition: includes coverage of minerals and petrology in extra-terrestrial environments as well as case studies on the hazards of the mining industry. Addresses the full scope of core concepts of mineralogy and petrology, including crystal structure, formation and grouping of minerals and soils, definition, origin, structure and classification of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks Features more than 250 figures, illustrations and color photographs to vividly explore the fundamental principles of mineralogy and petrology Offers a holistic approach to both subjects, beginning with the formation of geologic structures that is followed by the hosting of mineral deposits and the exploration and extraction of lucrative, usable products that improve the health of global economies Includes new content on minerals and petrology in extraterrestrial environments and case studies on hazards in the mining industry

Author : Sophie Decree
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 28,30 MB
Release : 2019-04-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 1119290538

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The latest knowledge on mineral ore genesis and the exploration of ore deposits Global demand for metals has risen considerably over the past decade. Geologists are developing new approaches for studying ore deposits and discovering new sources. Ore Deposits: Origin, Exploration, and Exploitation is a compilation of diverse case studies on new prospects in ore deposit geology including atypical examples of mineral deposits and new methods for ore exploration. Volume highlights include: Presentation of the latest research on a range of ore deposit types Application of ore deposits to multiple areas of geology and geophysical exploration Emphasis on diverse methods and tools for the study of ore deposits Useful case studies for geologists in both academia and industry Ore Deposits: Origin, Exploration, and Exploitation is a valuable resource for economic geologists, mineralogists, petrologists, geochemists, mining engineers, research professionals, and advanced students in relevant areas of academic study. Read an interview with the editors to find out more: https://eos.org/editors-vox/developments-in-the-continuing-search-for-new-mineral-deposits

Author :
Publisher : Newnes
Page : 14787 pages
File Size : 50,93 MB
Release : 2013-10-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080983006

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This extensively updated new edition of the widely acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry has increased its coverage beyond the wide range of geochemical subject areas in the first edition, with five new volumes which include: the history of the atmosphere, geochemistry of mineral deposits, archaeology and anthropology, organic geochemistry and analytical geochemistry. In addition, the original Volume 1 on "Meteorites, Comets, and Planets" was expanded into two separate volumes dealing with meteorites and planets, respectively. These additions increased the number of volumes in the Treatise from 9 to 15 with the index/appendices volume remaining as the last volume (Volume 16). Each of the original volumes was scrutinized by the appropriate volume editors, with respect to necessary revisions as well as additions and deletions. As a result, 27% were republished without major changes, 66% were revised and 126 new chapters were added. In a many-faceted field such as Geochemistry, explaining and understanding how one sub-field relates to another is key. Instructors will find the complete overviews with extensive cross-referencing useful additions to their course packs and students will benefit from the contextual organization of the subject matter Six new volumes added and 66% updated from 1st edition. The Editors of this work have taken every measure to include the many suggestions received from readers and ensure comprehensiveness of coverage and added value in this 2nd edition The esteemed Board of Volume Editors and Editors-in-Chief worked cohesively to ensure a uniform and consistent approach to the content, which is an amazing accomplishment for a 15-volume work (16 volumes including index volume)!