[PDF] Metastable Phases And Microstructures Volume 400 eBook

Author : Rüdiger Bormann
Publisher :
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 30,28 MB
Release : 1996-07-25
Category : Science
ISBN :

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Materials with metastable structures and microstructures have been used with success to create unusual structural and functional properties and property combinations. Highly nonequilibrium technologies for creating metastable materials have been devised which allow materials to be prepared far away from the thermodynamic equilibrium. Using these methods, materials can now be designed to possess specific properties tailored to fit an application, rather than fitting an application to the properties of available materials. However, as these materials are metastable with respect to structural and compositional changes under temperature, there is great concern for understanding and controlling their limitations. This book features both fundamental as well as applied aspects of the subject by stressing the structure/property relationships, the conditions for stability of these materials, and the requirements for technological applications. In addition to the synthesis, processing, characterization, properties, and applications of such materials, attention is also focused on the modelling of structures, phenomena and processes. Topics include: synthesis and processing; thermodynamic and kinetics; phase transformations and properties and applications.

Author : Raul F. Lobo
Publisher :
Page : 576 pages
File Size : 34,17 MB
Release : 1996-11-05
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN :

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The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.

Author : James S. Im
Publisher :
Page : 714 pages
File Size : 22,54 MB
Release : 1996-09-10
Category : Science
ISBN :

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The emphasis of this book is on the quantitative analysis of transformation kinetics, integrated with thermodynamics. Solidification is a success story for quantitative kinetics analysis. The work reported concentrates on phase selection under extreme processing - large undercooling or ultrarapid quenching - of the liquid. Theoretical treatments are concerned mainly with the analysis of morphological instabilities during directional solidification at more conventional rates. The coverage of particle-beam effects is distinguished by the materials studied: alkali halides, minerals, semiconductors and metals. The thermodynamics of interfaces are a particular focus, especially in connection with the solid-state formation of amorphous phases. A highlight of the book is the coverage of the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov analysis of overall transformation kinetics. This venerable treatment is revisited and new insights and limitations are explored. Topics include: transformations in undercooled liquids; directional solidification; particle beam-induced transformations; interfaces - thermodynamics and reactions; amorphous materials - structure and transformations; solid-state transformations and ordering and phase separation.

Author : George E. Totten
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 2957 pages
File Size : 28,94 MB
Release : 2018-12-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 1351045628

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This encyclopedia, written by authoritative experts under the guidance of an international panel of key researchers from academia, national laboratories, and industry, is a comprehensive reference covering all major aspects of metallurgical science and engineering of aluminum and its alloys. Topics covered include extractive metallurgy, powder metallurgy (including processing), physical metallurgy, production engineering, corrosion engineering, thermal processing (processes such as metalworking and welding, heat treatment, rolling, casting, hot and cold forming), surface engineering and structure such as crystallography and metallography.

Author : R. J. Shul
Publisher :
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 11,80 MB
Release : 1996-10-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN :

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III-V semiconductors have continued to find new applications in optical data transmission, full-color displays, automotive electronics and personal communication systems. Complex epitaxial growth, processing, device design and circuit architecture are all necessary for realization of these elements. This book brings together the diverse group of scientists and researchers that are required to develop the next-generation devices. The wide bandgap nitrides, GaN, AlN, InN and their alloys are featured. The commercial availability of blue- and green-light-emitting diodes based on the InGaN/AlGaN system, and the recent announcement of pulsed operation of a laser diode, have stimulated interest in the growth, characterization and processing of these materials. Potential applications in high-temperature/high-power electronics appear promising because of the good transport properties of these nitrides. Topics include: growth and characterization; photonics and processing; electronics and processing; wide bandgap semiconductors and novel devices and processing.

Author : William F. Filter
Publisher :
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 41,13 MB
Release : 1996-11-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN :

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MRS books on materials reliability in microelectronics have become the snapshot of progress in this field. Reduced feature size, increased speed, and larger area are all factors contributing to the continual performance and functionality improvements in integrated circuit technology. These same factors place demands on the reliability of the individual components that make up the IC. Achieving increased reliability requires an improved understanding of both thin-film and patterned-feature materials properties and their degradation mechanisms, how materials and processes used to fabricate ICs interact, and how they may be tailored to enable reliability improvements. This book focuses on the physics and materials science of microelectronics reliability problems rather than the traditional statistical, accelerated electrical testing aspects. Studies are grouped into three large sections covering electromigration, gate oxide reliability and mechanical stress behavior. Topics include: historical summary; reliability issues for Cu metallization; characterization of electromigration phenomena; modelling; microstructural evolution and influences; oxide and device reliability; thin oxynitride dielectrics; noncontact diagnostics; stress effects in thin films and interconnects and microbeam X-ray techniques for stress measurements.

Author : Louis J. Terminello
Publisher :
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 32,31 MB
Release : 1996-12-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN :

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As third-generation synchrotron facilities are constructed and go online in both the United States and around the world, increasingly more applications of synchrotron radiation will be realized. Both basic and applied research possibilities are manyfold, and include studies of solid surfaces and interfaces, electronic materials, metal oxides, glasses, thin films, superconductors, polymers, alloys, multilayer metal systems and intermetallic compounds. In addition, the combination of synchrotron-based spectroscopic techniques, with ever increasing high-resolution microscopy, allows researchers to study very small domains of materials in an attempt to understand their chemical and electronic properties. This book from MRS focuses on the various types of information that can be obtained from synchrotron-related techniques in order to expand the use of this unique and powerful experimental approach to materials research. Topics include: structure of reduced dimensional materials; magnetic materials; microscopy, topography and tomography; X-ray probes of solids; and materials characterization with X-ray absorption.

Author : Timothy J. Bunning
Publisher :
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 19,25 MB
Release : 1996-11-20
Category : Science
ISBN :

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Liquid crystals have emerged as a class of organic materials with potential applications to optics, photonics and optoelectronics. Although a large number of liquid crystals have been discovered or synthesized, fundamental understanding of structure-property relationships at the molecular level is still lacking. Regardless, liquid-crystalline materials have found use in many areas of technology and their scope has been extended with the development of liquid-crystalline polymers, elastomers and composite systems. In addition, emerging advanced technologies, such as flat-panel displays, optical computing and communications, and imaging will call for improved materials as well as novel multifunctional materials. This book presents recent advances in both the fundamental science and application-specific research of LC technology. New synthetic approaches are featured, as are developments in novel glass forming, low-molecular-weight liquid crystals and their utility in both display and optical applications. Topics include: PDLC composites; display and optical applications of LC-based compounds; modelling; rheology; chiral smectics and thermosets.

Author : J. J. Lewandowski
Publisher :
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 39,63 MB
Release : 1996-10-22
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN :

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Layered materials and systems based on metallic, intermetallic, polymeric and ceramic constituents have become increasingly important in meeting the structural requirements of current and future high-performance products. This book brings together investigators from industry, academia and government to focus on the structural applications of layered systems. Thermal barrier coatings, aircraft structural components and wear-resistant coatings for a wide variety of applications are highlighted. Processing techniques such as EB deposition, reactive sputter deposition, sedimentation processing, pressureless cosintering and rapid prototyping via laminated object manufacturing are also covered. And while microstability issues are addressed, they appear to be a critical area where further investigation is required. The largest number of papers focus on the mechanical behavior and modelling of layered systems and reveal significant effects of layer thickness, spacing and constituent properties on the fracture and fatigue behavior of such systems. Topics include: applications; processing; stability issues and mechanical behavior.