[PDF] Mechanistic Studies On The Oh Initiated Atmospheric Oxidation Of Selected Aromatic Hydrocarbons eBook

Author : Jack G. Calvert
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 570 pages
File Size : 49,46 MB
Release : 2002-02-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199771547

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This text reviews many of the aspects of the chemistry of the aromatic hydrocarbons and a consensus evaluation of the data by seven of the leading atmospheric scientists. The book covers topics ranging from the relative importance of the compounds in ozone and haze development to methods of estimating elemantary rate coefficients based on structural features of the compounds to mechanisms of aerosol generation and atmostpheric reaction of the polycyclic compounds to photochemical processes. It identifies features of the aromatic hydrocarbons requiring further study and appendicies give the structural formulas and nomenclature of the compounds reviewed in the book.

Author :
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 20,85 MB
Release : 2001
Category :
ISBN :

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The aim of this work was to improve the understanding of the OH-radical initiated oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, p-xylene (BTX) and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (TMB)). These mechanisms are considered a major uncertainty in state-of-the-art photochemical models as they are used to predict photooxidant formation from urban air. Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) was employed in a systematic outdoor smog-chamber study at the European Photo Reactor (EUPHORE) located at the CEAM-Institute, Valencia/Spain. The available DOAS system was improved for this purpose. The yields of ring-retaining products (phenol from benzene, phenol-type and aldehyde-type compounds from p-xylene and TMB) and glyoxal (from BTX) were investigated. The phenol yield (Y(PHEN)= 53) was found more than two times higher than presently available literature values. Further, the bicycloalkyl-radical pathway was identified as a major pathway from BTX. It was demonstrated that the results of this study are representative for the atmosphere. Deviations from the the degradation pathways of BTX and TMB were further observed under conditions of high NOx (e.g. several ppm). The results of this work indicate that the representations of aromatics in photochemical models need to be updated. The results indicate that the contribution of aromatic hydrocarbons to the formation of photooxidants (i.e. ozone) is underestimated today.

Author : Georges Le Bras
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 348 pages
File Size : 38,49 MB
Release : 1997
Category : Science
ISBN :

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Oxidation and removal of atmospheric constituents involve complex sequences of reactions which can lead to the production of photo-oxidants such as ozone. In order to understand and model these complex reaction sequences, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of reaction mechanisms and accurate estimates of kinetic parameters for relevant gas-phase atmospheric reactions. This book presents recent advances in the field and includes the following topics: e.g. the oxidation of simple organic compounds, NOx kinetics and mechanisms, OH radical production and rate constants for the OH attack on more complex organic compounds, peroxy and alkoxy radical reactions, photo-oxidation of aromatic and biogenic compounds, and the interaction between radical species.

Author : Jack Calvert
Publisher : OUP USA
Page : 1634 pages
File Size : 48,43 MB
Release : 2011-09-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 0199767076

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Prepared by an international team of eminent atmospheric scientists, Mechanisms of Atmospheric Oxidation of the Oxygenates is an authoritative source of information on the role of oxygenates in the chemistry of the atmosphere. The oxygenates, including the many different alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, and nitrogen-atom containing oxygenates, are of special interest today due to their increased use as alternative fuels and fuel additives. This book describes the physical properties of oxygenates, as well as the chemical and photochemical parameters that determine their reaction pathways in the atmosphere. Quantitative descriptions of the pathways of the oxygenates from release or formation in the atmosphere to final products are provided, as is a comprehensive review and evaluation of the extensive kinetic literature on the atmospheric chemistry of the different oxygenates and their many halogen-atom substituted analogues. This book will be of interest to modelers of atmospheric chemistry, environmental scientists and engineers, and air quality planning agencies as a useful input for development of realistic modules designed to simulate the atmospheric chemistry of the oxygenates, their major oxidation products, and their influence on ozone and other trace gases within the troposhere.

Author : Jack George Calvert
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 17,12 MB
Release : 2002
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780195146288

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This text reviews many of the aspects of the chemistry of the aromatic hydrocarbons and a consensus evaluation of the data by seven of the leading atmospheric scientists. The book covers topics ranging from the relative importance of the compounds in ozone and haze development to methods of estimating elemantary rate coefficients based on structural features of the compounds to mechanisms of aerosol generation and atmostpheric reaction of the polycyclic compounds to photochemical processes. It identifies features of the aromatic hydrocarbons requiring further study and appendicies give the structural formulas and nomenclature of the compounds reviewed in the book.