[PDF] Lets Get Mechanized Labor Market Implications Of Structural Transformation In Bangladesh eBook

Author : Md. Fuad Hassan
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 37,53 MB
Release : 2023
Category :
ISBN :

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Bangladesh is experiencing the structural transformation of its economy with increasing employment in the manufacturing sector, particularly the garment industry. At the same time, agricultural activities become more and more mechanized. These processes have major effects on rural labor markets, and thus on rural livelihoods. This study examines the implications of agricultural mechanization on agricultural wages using a unique data set of monthly wages and rice prices over the period from 1995 to 2015. Employing a dynamic panel model, estimated by generalized methods of moments, we find that increasing agricultural mechanization is associated with an increase in real agricultural wages, both in the short-run and the long-run. Hence, our estimation results dispel the concern that machines are substitutes for manual labor and reduce employment opportunities in rural Bangladesh. This has important implications for policy makers aiming for a reduction of rural poverty and the interventions which reduce extensive rural-urban migration and create more employment opportunity in the agricultural sector.

Author : Selim Raihan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 25,97 MB
Release : 2018-08-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9811320713

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Outlining important policy requirements for Bangladesh to become an upper middle-income country, the book presents research work conducted during the project “Changing Labor Markets in Bangladesh: Understanding Dynamics in Relation to Economic Growth and Poverty,” sponsored by the International Development Research Center (IDRC), Canada. Bangladesh has experienced remarkable economic growth rates over the last decade. The country has recently been upgraded from a low-income country (LIC) to a lower-middle-income country (LMIC) as per the World Bank’s classification system. By 2024, the country also aspires to graduate from the United Nation’s list of least developed countries (LDC). The 7th five-year plan sets an ambitious target of 8 percent growth in GDP by 2020. There are also steep development targets to be achieved under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by 2030. All these will require an enormous leap forward from the current level of economic growth rate and sustaining it in the future. The situation also calls for considerable structural change in the economy, facilitating large-scale economic diversification. Rapid expansion of labor-intensive and high-productivity sectors, both in the farm and nonfarm sectors, is thus crucial for Bangladesh. Further, this should take place in conjunction with interventions to enhance productivity, jobs and incomes in traditional and informal activities where there are large pools of surplus labor. Given its relevance for Bangladesh and applicability to many other developing countries, the book offers a unique and pioneering resource for researchers, industry watchers as well as policy makers.

Author : Pradeep Kumar Singh
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 1027 pages
File Size : 49,6 MB
Release : 2021-05-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9811607338

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This book features selected research papers presented at the Second International Conference on Computing, Communications, and Cyber-Security (IC4S 2020), organized in Krishna Engineering College (KEC), Ghaziabad, India, along with Academic Associates; Southern Federal University, Russia; IAC Educational, India; and ITS Mohan Nagar, Ghaziabad, India during 3–4 October 2020. It includes innovative work from researchers, leading innovators, and professionals in the area of communication and network technologies, advanced computing technologies, data analytics and intelligent learning, the latest electrical and electronics trends, and security and privacy issues.

Author : M. Shahe Emran
Publisher :
Page : 41 pages
File Size : 26,87 MB
Release : 2017
Category : Rural development
ISBN :

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This paper uses a framework that goes beyond rural-urban dualism and highlights the role of small town economy in understanding structural change in a developing country. It provides a theoretical and empirical analysis of the role of agricultural productivity in structural transformation in the labor market. The empirical work is based on a general equilibrium model that formalizes the demand and labor market linkages: the small-town draws labor away from the rural areas to produce goods and services whose demand may depend largely on rural income. The theory clarifies the role played by the income elasticity of demand and the wage elasticity with respect to productivity increase in agriculture. For productivity growth to lead to a demand effect, the wage elasticity has to be lower than a threshold. When the demand for goods and services produced in small towns comes mainly from the adjacent rural areas, the demand effect can outweigh the negative wage effect, and lead to higher employment in the town-goods sector. Using rainfall as an instrument, the empirical analysis finds a significant positive effect of agricultural productivity on rice yield and agricultural wages. Productivity shock increases wages more in the rural sample compared with the small town economy sample, but structural change in employment is more pronounced in the small-town economy. In the rural sample, it increases employment only in small-scale manufacturing and services. In contrast, a positive productivity shock has large and positive impacts on employment in construction and transport, education, health and other services, and manufacturing employment in larger scale enterprises located in small towns and cities. Agricultural productivity growth induces structural transformation within the services sector in small towns, with employment in skilled services growing at a faster pace than that of low skilled services.

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 810 pages
File Size : 41,66 MB
Release : 2021-12-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0323915027

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Handbook of Agricultural Economics, Volume Five highlights new advances in the field, with this new release exploring comprehensive chapters written by an international board of authors who discuss topics such as The Economics of Agricultural Innovation, Climate, food and agriculture, Agricultural Labor Markets: Immigration Policy, Minimum Wages, Etc., Risk Management in Agricultural Production, Animal Health and Livestock Disease, Behavioral and Experimental Economics to Inform Agri-Environmental Programs and Policies, Big Data, Machine Learning Methods for Agricultural and Applied Economists, Agricultural data collection to minimize measurement error and maximize coverage, Gender, agriculture and nutrition, Social Networks Analysis In Agricultural Economics, and more. Presents the latest release in the Handbook of Agricultural Economics Written and contributed by leaders in the field Covers topics such as The Economics of Agricultural Innovation, Climate, Food and Agriculture, Agricultural Labor Markets, and more

Author : Weltbankgruppe
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 13,97 MB
Release : 2023
Category :
ISBN : 1464820430

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Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is expected to slow to 2.5 percent in 2023 from 3.6 percent in 2022. It is projected to increase to 3.7 percent in 2024 and 4.1 percent in 2025. However, in per capita terms, the region is projected to slightly contract over 2015-2025. The region faces many challenges, including a "lost decade" of sluggish growth, persistently low per capita income, mounting fiscal pressures exacerbated by high debt burdens, and an urgent need for job creation. Tackling these multifaceted issues requires comprehensive reforms to promote economic prosperity, reduce poverty, and create sustainable employment opportunities in the region. This will require an ecosystem that facilitates firm entry, stability, growth, and skill development that matches business demand.

Author : Claire H. Hollweg
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 123 pages
File Size : 24,3 MB
Release : 2014-07-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1464802637

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This report quantifies labor mobility costs in developing countries and simulates the implied adjustment paths of employment and wages following a change in trade policy. High mobility costs are shown to reduce the potential gains to trade reform.

Author : David Bloom
Publisher : Rand Corporation
Page : 127 pages
File Size : 48,20 MB
Release : 2003-02-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0833033735

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There is long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place. The report also examines specific regions of the world and how their differing policy environments have affected the relationship between population change and economic development.

Author : C. Peter Timmer
Publisher : A E I Press
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 28,38 MB
Release : 2009
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN :

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This monograph, A World without Agriculture, was the 2007 Henry Wendt Lecture, delivered at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI) in Washington, D.C. on October 30, 2007. The Wendt Lecture is delivered annually by a scholar who has made major contributions to our understanding of the modern phenomenon of globalization and its consequences for social welfare, government policy, and the expansion of liberal political institutions.