[PDF] Leaf Inhabiting Genera Of The Gnomoniaceae Diaporthales eBook

Author : Luis Carlos Mejía Franco
Publisher :
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 10,50 MB
Release : 2009
Category : Diaporthales
ISBN :

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The Gnomoniaceae (Diaporthales, Ascomycota) comprise microfungi that grow on leaves and woody tissues of a range of plant families, mostly hardwood trees from temperate zones of the northern hemisphere. Many dominant endophytes of trees in North America and Europe are species of Gnomoniaceae. Several emerging and devastating diseases of forest trees are caused by pathogenic species of Gnomoniaceae. Despite their abundance and impact in forest ecosystems, the Gnomoniaceae have not received modern taxonomic review and phylogenetic study. Most morphologically defined genera in this family are polyphyletic when analyzed with molecular data, therefore new circumscription of genera is needed. The objectives of this work are to: 1) define monophyletic genera and determine species limits for bark-inhabiting fungi in the Gnomoniaceae; and 2) infer the phylogeny of bark-inhabiting genera of Gnomoniaceae (e.g. Cryptosporella, and Plagiostoma). To achieve these objectives fresh specimens were collected in locations in Europe, North, Central and South America, and China. Specimens from herbaria and living collections from culture repositories were included in the study. The methods integrate a comparison of morphological characters of specimens in natural substrates such as the arrangement, shape, and size of perithecia and the shape and size of asci and ascospores with molecular characters, i.e. DNA sequences from multiple loci ([beta]-tubulin, ITS, LSU, rpb2, and tef1-Îł) analyzed by Bayesian inference, Maximum Likelihood, Neighbor Joining, and Parsimony. This research resulted in the recircumscription of the genera Cryptosporella and Plagiostoma and the definition of a new genus Occultocarpon gen. nov. A total of 32 taxonomic novelties were defined. More specifically, 17 new species, a new genus of bark-inhabiting Gnomoniaceae, and 14 new name combinations were described. This project has shown that host identity is a better predictor than geographic location for finding species of Gnomoniaceae. By documenting species of Gnomoniaceae from the Neotropics, South America, and subtropical China, results from this project have changed the previous assumption that the Gnomoniaceae only occur in temperate zones of the Northern Hemisphere. Finally, the phylogenies obtained suggest a long evolutionary relationship between Cryptosporella and Betulaceae and a subclade of Plagiostoma with the Salicaceae.

Author : Matteo Garbelotto
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 39,24 MB
Release : 2018-04-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 3038426717

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This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Forest Pathology and Plant Health" that was published in Forests

Author : Evelyn Hughes
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 24,7 MB
Release : 2016-12-31
Category : Endophytic fungi
ISBN : 9781536103410

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Endophytic fungi are important biotechnological tools because they produce many secondary metabolites. However, to access this important source of bioactive molecules, it is essential to explore the diversity of endophytic fungi and catalog their species richness in different ecosystems. This book reviews the diversity, characterisation and biocontrol of endophytic fungi.

Author : Anna Maria Pirttilä
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 318 pages
File Size : 22,71 MB
Release : 2011-07-11
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9400715994

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Found in every plant species, the diversity of endophytic micro-organisms can be extremely high within different plant organs and tissue types. In trees, their ecological roles with respect to host tree can vary from latent pathogens or saprophytes to neutral commensalists and mutualists. Given their high diversity, and their bio-active nature, endophytes are currently being associated with a role in tree health against insect herbivores and fungal pathogens, as well as improving tree properties in phytoremediation. Meanwhile there is increasing interest in the potential of some tree endophytes as new sources of drug compounds. The first book on tree endophytes in several years, and containing contributions from leading authors in the field, this book provides an important reference text for professional researchers and advanced students.

Author : Dmitry Kurouski
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 36,20 MB
Release : 2021-07-07
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1839625155

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Digital farming is an approach to farming in which crop yield is maximized while environmental impact is minimized. Integral to this approach is diagnostic sensing of plant disease and stress. This book examines innovative sensing technology such as satellite- and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based RGB and thermography imaging as well as hyperspectral, infrared, reflectance and Raman spectroscopy.

Author : Pedro W. Crous
Publisher :
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 33,61 MB
Release : 2003
Category : Cercospora
ISBN :

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This book contains a compilation of more than 3000 names that have been published or proposed in Cercospora, of which 659 are presently recognised in this genus, with a further 281 being referred to C. apii s.lat. Approximately 550 names of Passalora emend. (incl. Mycovellosiella, Phaeoramularia, Tandonella and Phaeoisariopsis p.p.) are treated in a second list. In total 5720 names are treated. 553 taxonomic novelties are proposed.

Author : E. B. Gareth Jones
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 485 pages
File Size : 50,36 MB
Release : 2014-08-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 3110390140

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The available literature on freshwater fungi is limited. Over the subsequent years a considerable volume of scientific papers have appeared scattered throughout numerous journals. There is therefore no recent synthesis of the subject and this is the objective of the proposed book. Freshwater habitats are rich in fungi with some 3,000 described species, most of papers focussing on their identification, substrata they grow on and world distribution. However, these fungi play an important role in the freshwater ecosystem, and are primarily involved in the breakdown of leaf litter contributing food for detritus feeders. Our book will bring together a wide range of acclaimed mycologists to review recent developments on the biology and ecology of freshwater fungi, particularly their molecular phylogeny, biodiversity, causative diseases of freshwater amphibians, fishes and invertebrate animals, decomposition of leaf litter, stream pollution and their potential role in bioremediation.

Author : Thomas N Taylor
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 20,28 MB
Release : 2014-08-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 0123877547

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Fungi are ubiquitous in the world and responsible for driving the evolution and governing the sustainability of ecosystems now and in the past. Fossil Fungi is the first encyclopedic book devoted exclusively to fossil fungi and their activities through geologic time. The book begins with the historical context of research on fossil fungi (paleomycology), followed by how fungi are formed and studied as fossils, and their age. The next six chapters focus on the major lineages of fungi, arranging them in phylogenetic order and placing the fossils within a systematic framework. For each fossil the age and provenance are provided. Each chapter provides a detailed introduction to the living members of the group and a discussion of the fossils that are believed to belong in this group. The extensive bibliography (~ 2700 entries) includes papers on both extant and fossil fungi. Additional chapters include lichens, fungal spores, and the interactions of fungi with plants, animals, and the geosphere. The final chapter includes a discussion of fossil bacteria and other organisms that are fungal-like in appearance, and known from the fossil record. The book includes more than 475 illustrations, almost all in color, of fossil fungi, line drawings, and portraits of people, as well as a glossary of more than 700 mycological and paleontological terms that will be useful to both biologists and geoscientists. First book devoted to the whole spectrum of the fossil record of fungi, ranging from Proterozoic fossils to the role of fungi in rock weathering Detailed discussion of how fossil fungi are preserved and studied Extensive bibliography with more than 2000 entries Where possible, fungal fossils are placed in a modern systematic context Each chapter within the systematic treatment of fungal lineages introduced with an easy-to-understand presentation of the main characters that define extant members Extensive glossary of more than 700 entries that define both biological, geological, and mycological terminology