[PDF] Japanus Automakers Face Endaka eBook

Author : Doina Maria Florea
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 16 pages
File Size : 44,4 MB
Release : 2007-07-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 3638825337

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Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 2,00, Vienna University of Economics and Business , course: Wahlfach: International Business Transactions, Vertiefungskurs1: Foreign Exchange Risk and Introduction to Law of International Commerce , 13 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: In 1995 the Japanese yen entered a new phase: that of Super-endaka. Already for over a decade Japanese exporters were fighting against the unwelcome influence of the rising yen on their business. But in order to understand the phenomenon of super-endaka the reader must go back in time to New York, September 1985. In September 1985 the finance ministers of the world’s largest capitalistic economies – Britain, France, West Germany, Japan and the US - met at New York’s Plaza Hotel to discuss the development of the dollar relative to the yen. As a strong dollar had led in the early 80s to an increase in the US trade deficit followed by a strong inflow of foreign capital, protectionist theories started developing both in Republican and Democratic camps. Thus, all participants shared a growing interest in lowering the value of the dollar relative to the yen as this movement would eliminate the U.S. / Japan trade imbalance and lessen protectionist demands. This development would suit everyone because it would finally result in higher exports not only for Japan but also for all other countries. In order to make this happen, all countries agreed to coordinate an intervention into their respective foreign exchange markets. Japan’s government was said to have exchanged $3 billion for the yen in the New York and Tokyo markets the very next day. Shoichior Toyoda, president of the Toyota Motor Corporation, compared the first anniversary of the Plaza Accord to Isshuki - Japanese for the first anniversary of someone’s death- and called it the birthplace of Endaka - Japanese for a high yen. In 1985 the $ traded at yen 240, one year later to Yen 150.

Author : Koichi Shimokawa
Publisher : Athlone Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 28,69 MB
Release : 1994
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN :

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"In this authoritative account of the Japanese automobile industry, Professor Shimokawa focuses upon its business success as a relative latecomer to the worldwide market. He includes profiles of the leading producers, including Toyota, Nissan, Honda and Mitsubishi, and highlights the features of their success in management and design."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved

Author : Akira Kawahara
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 42,73 MB
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 4431684190

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When the war ended on August IS, 1945, I was a naval engineering cadet at the Kure Navy Yard near Hiroshima, Japan. A week later, I was demobi lized and returned to my home in Tokyo, fortunate not to find it ravaged by firebombing. At the beginning of September, a large contingent of the Ameri can occupation forces led by General Douglas MacArthur moved its base from Yokohama to Tokyo. Near my home I watched a procession of American mili tary motor vehicles snaking along Highway 1. This truly awe-inspiring cavalcade included jeeps, two-and-a-half-ton trucks, and enormous trailers mounted with tanks and artillery. At the time, I was a 21-year-old student in the Machinery Section of Engineering at the Tokyo Imperial University. Watching that mag nificent parade of military vehicles, I was more than impressed by the gap in industrial strength between Japan and the U. S. That realization led me to devote my whole life to the development of the Japanese auto industry. I wrote a small article concerning this incident in Nikkei Sangyo Shimbun (one of the leading business newspapers in Japan) on May 2, 1983. The English translation of this story was carried in the July 3, 1983 edition of the Topeka Capital-Journal and the September 13, 1983 issue of the Asian Wall Street Journal. The Topeka Capital-Journal headline read, "MacArthur's Jeeps Were the Toyota Catalyst.

Author : Michael A. Cusumano
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 524 pages
File Size : 49,4 MB
Release : 2020-03-17
Category : History
ISBN : 1684172594

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A detailed study of the history of the Japanese automotive industry, focusing primarily on the rise of Toyota and Nissan. The study seeks to understand how Japan started manufacturing motor vehicles and eventually passed the U.S. manufactures in terms of productivity and Europeans in terms of small car design. Provided numerous details on the Japanese production process and analyzes the role of Japanese government policy, including protectionism and technology transfer.

Author : Robert E. Cole
Publisher :
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 12,41 MB
Release : 2020
Category :
ISBN :

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As the University of Michigan Center for Japanese Studies reflected on the deteriorating position of the domestic auto industry in the fall of 1980, and the strong competitive threat being posed by the Japanese automakers, we were struck by the extraordinary low quality of the public discussion of these critical issues. The national importance of the issues seemed only matched by the superficiality of the analyses being offered. The tendency to think in terms of scapegoats was particularly evident. The Japanese as the basic cause of our problems has been a particularly notable theme. To be sure, cooperation with the Japanese in formulating a rational overall trade policy may be an important part of the solution. It has also been fashionable to blame it all on American auto industry management for not concentrating on the production of small cars when "everyone knew" that was the thing to do. Alternatively, government meddling was blamed for all our problems. Clearly, the complex problem we faced required more penetrating analyses. It seemed therefore, that the time was ripe for a public seminar which moved beyond the rhetoric of the moment and probed some of the deeper causes of our problems and possible directions for future policy.

Author : Spar Debora L
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 32,65 MB
Release : 2003-07-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1911298178

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Despite the ease with which it is often conducted, doing business across borders is not the same as doing it at home. Rather, it entails a whole new set of managerial challenges: re-assessing competitive advantage; evaluating diverse political environments and legal structures; considering the impact of currency fluctuations and trading regimes; and understanding widely disparate cultures and business norms. Using the cases presented in this book, instructors can help their students build a framework of analysis that will enable them to understand the challenges of international trade and investment and master the opportunities these represent./a

Author : Chetan I. Damania
Publisher :
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 48,34 MB
Release : 1991
Category : Automobile industry and trade
ISBN :

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Japanese automakers are rapidly increasing their share of the American car market. They have transformed their export-oriented Japan-based operations to full-fledge American companies' "transplants" with the ability to design, engineer, build and assemble cars in the United States (U.S.). The transplants, which had no domestic capacity in 1981, will build 2.5 million automobiles by end of 1991 and some 3 million by 1994. This massive transfer of Japanese production to the U.S. in less than a decade is indeed a historic landmark in the world automotive industry. It has posed serious threats to the U.S. Big Three automakers: General Motors, Ford and Chrysler. Their prospects for growth are more uncertain today than at any time since 1980, when they pushed for "voluntary" quotas on Japanese imports. Their sales are slumping, and they are being forced to weigh shutting plants, laying off workers and delaying investments. This essay gives a brief history of U.S. and Japanese auto industries. It highlights the important philosophies and strategies that led to the rapid growth of Japanese car makers--especially, Honda, Toyota and Nissan, in the U.S. It compares the Japanese and American approaches to auto manufacturing and analyzes their successes and failures. As discussed in the study, teamwork, communication, efficient use of resources, elimination of waste and continual improvements are the most important ingredients in the Japanese success. This extends upstream from factory to the research lab and design center, as well as downstream to the sales and dealer system . As the Japanese transplants prove the effectiveness of their system in the U.S., the Big Three will have to respond quickly. The study recommends that U.S. automakers should become leaders in globalization by integrating the innovative, flexible thinking of the West with the meticulous, strategic mentality of the East. They must focus on restructuring their management, strengthening manufacturing, reducing throughput, and enhancing product quality and diversity. They can achieve positive results by adopting some of the Japanese strategies and techniques, which can be implemented to counter their Japanese competitors.