[PDF] Institutional And Financial Guide To Geothermal District Heating eBook

Author :
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 30,89 MB
Release : 1982
Category :
ISBN :

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General planning considerations which affect nearly every community are reviewed, and alternative operating structures which are available to communities are reviewed, including local governments, nonprofit cooperatives, private enterprises, and joint ventures. The financing options available to publicly-owned and privately-owned district heating systems are then summarized. The geothermal production and distribution activities most appropriate to each type of operating structure are reviewed, along with typical equity and debt funding sources. The tax advantages for private developers are described, as are the issures of customer contracts and service prices, and customer retrofit financing. The treatment is limited to an introductory overview. (LEW).

Author : Tom C. Gardner
Publisher :
Page : 47 pages
File Size : 19,90 MB
Release : 1981
Category : Geothermal district heating
ISBN :

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As part of our overall program of studying both the conceptual and actual set of institutional structures under which geothermal distribution systems might be formed and operated, the EWLI has also examined the institutional, economic and legal arrangements of presently functioning systems and of those in advanced planning stages. We have done this in an attempt to discover whether an analysis of the most fully developed present systems can in any way produce models on which future geothermal distribution systems might be based. The answer is problematic. ... We have chosen to discuss Boise, Klamath Falls, and Susanville because they are the most thoroughly planned, have reached the most advanced stage, are relatively large and have the longest histories of all the proposed systems. While the experiences of these cities cannot be measured against the ultimate standard of an operating history for a complete system, the formative years have produced an institutional structure for each system, a financial history related to the assumption of front-end costs, and detailed plans for development and management of the resource.

Author : Alberto Piatti
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 33,8 MB
Release : 1992-09-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780792319689

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Geothermal waters, hot enough to provide direct heating, are available in many parts of the world. Some are exploited already but many more are only now being considered, as planners begin to recognize the environmental benefits of this unfamiliar energy resource. The relative economic benefits are more marginal, however, and a successful scheme requires careful design and optimization. The nature of geothermal resources imposes special conditions which may be unfamiliar to many plant engineers. In addition, many different approaches are possible, depending on the characteristics of the resource and the user and on the operator's requirements. Must the scheme be optimized for energy recovery or for financial return, or is it more important that it should remain profitable over as wide a range of conditions as possible? This book, written by professional plant engineers with first-hand experience, is designed to guide plant engineers through the different options and to help in this optimization process.