[PDF] Innovation Qualitative Change And Economic Development eBook

Author : Jan Fagerberg
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 20,40 MB
Release : 2018-04-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1788110269

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This authoritative and enlightening book focuses on fundamental questions such as what is innovation, who is it relevant for, what are the effects, and what is the role of (innovation) policy in supporting innovation-diffusion? The first two sections present a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge on the phenomenon and analyse how this knowledge (and the scholarly community underpinning it) has evolved towards its present state. The third part explores the role of innovation for growth and development, while section four is concerned with the national innovation system and the role of (innovation) policy in influencing its dynamics and responding to the important challenges facing contemporary societies.

Author : Dr Stanislaw Gomulka
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 10,38 MB
Release : 2006-12-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 113494070X

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In this wide ranging exposition of the various economic theories of technological change, Stanislaw Gomulka relates them to rates of growth experienced by different economies in both the short and the long term. Analysis of countries as diverse as Japan, the Soviet Union and the United Kingdom demonstrates that there is an interdependence between technological change and the institutional and cultural characteristics of different countries, which can have a profound effect on their rates of growth. All of the major, relevant models are discussed, including those of Kuznets and Phelps, but throughout the emphasis is on the creation of a unified theoretical framework to help explain the impact of technological progress on both a micro and a macro scale.

Author : Michael Quinn Hogan
Publisher : RTI Press
Page : 19 pages
File Size : 49,47 MB
Release : 2018-05-20
Category : Nature
ISBN :

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Innovation has been shown to be a key factor in determining a country’s competitiveness and economic growth potential. Through investments in education and research and development, many developing countries have tried to avoid the “middle income trap” of stagnation by working to create high-value employment opportunities. To better understand country-level readiness to innovate, we have compiled a set of publicly available data indicators and created a data tool to illustrate innovation capabilities and infrastructure by country. Our approach builds on and advances existing national innovation metrics by constructing transparent, publicly sourced indicators that emphasize changes over time and interrelationships between different indicators, as opposed to creating simple indices across groups of indicators. This occasional paper is targeted to an applied audience, explaining the methods used to assemble the data, an overview of the indicators, practical applications of the data, summary statistics, and data limitations. The data are not intended to be a tool for providing answers about innovation, but rather a starting point for future work including market landscaping, country-level diagnostics, and qualitative protocols for research.

Author : Albert N. Link
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 34,48 MB
Release : 2007-06-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 019153336X

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This book presents a reader-friendly analysis and synthesis of the key economic and management approaches to innovation, entrepreneurship, and technological change. Link and Siegel provide precise definitions of key concepts, present numerous historical examples to illustrate these concepts, outline a framework for analyzing key topics, compare and contrast different theoretical frameworks, provide a reader-friendly interpretation of quantitative and qualitative findings, and emphasize international comparisons of innovation infrastructure and technology policy. Key topics covered include: · basic concepts of innovation and technological change, · a history of the role of the entrepreneur in innovation, · the impact of innovation and information technology on performance, · the analysis of technological spillovers, · innovation in the service sector, · university technology commercialization and entrepreneurship, including property-based institutions such as research parks and incubators, · entrepreneurship in the public sector, · the first systematic analysis and synthesis of the new interdisciplinary literature on technology commercialization and entrepreneurship at universities. While the book reflects the complexities of debate around these topics, it will be an important guide to the area for academics, graduate, and advanced undergraduate students of Business Studies, Economics, Entrepreneurship, and Innovation Studies. The book also provides a roadmap of specific recommendations for managers and policymakers.

Author : Lynn Krieger Mytelka
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 632 pages
File Size : 31,17 MB
Release : 2007
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN :

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Provides a theoretical foundation in innovation systems, processes, institutions and policies from the perspective of developing countries. This book covers the topics of capacity building, learning, industrial development, agricultural innovation and sustainable development.

Author : Charles Edquist
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 50,1 MB
Release : 2013-01-11
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1136600582

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The systems of innovation approach is considered by many to be a useful analytical approach for better understanding innovation processes as well as the production and distribution of knowledge in the economy. It is an appropriate framework for the empirical study of innovations in their contexts and is relevant for policy makers. This text is the result of the work within an international inter-disciplinary network or "working seminar" with the task of building a more solid and sophisticated conceptual and theoretical foundation for the continued study of innovations in a systemic context. The book has three parts. The first presents an overview and tries to work out some conceptual problems. In the second, the systems of innovation approach is related to innovation theory. Part three is devoted to increasing understanding of the functioning and dynamics of systems of innovation. There is also an introduction where the genesis and anatomy of different systems of innovation approaches are discussed and where the systems of innovation approach is characterized in nine dimensions.

Author : Pier Paolo Saviotti
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 47,77 MB
Release : 2023-03-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1000837696

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If evolutionary economics is to compete with neoclassical economics as a general-purpose economic theory, it needs to incorporate new aspects of socioeconomic reality, such as institutions of all types, including technical, scientific, and political. Furthermore, evolutionary economics needs to be able to provide policy implications at least as interesting as those of neoclassical economics. Thus, as this book argues, evolutionary economics must become evolutionary political economy. Innovation plays a central role in the book, but not in the sense of providing a technologically determinist interpretation. Rather, the book argues that innovations do not emerge in isolation from other components of socioeconomic systems but coevolve with institutions, infrastructures and organizational forms. This concept of coevolution is absolutely central in the book and provides a link with theories of complexity. In addition to providing an epistemological basis for evolutionary economics, the link with complexity and coevolution offers the connection with evolutionary political economy. Innovations and technologies do not emerge and develop in an institutional vacuum, but interact with existing institutions and reshape them, in addition to inducing the formation of new institutions. In this process, technologies and institutions reinforce each other providing a potential mechanism to transform socioeconomic systems. The book also explores the policy implications of these innovative societies, where wealth is created but unequally distributed. The book is addressed to open-minded economists, social scientists who are dissatisfied with the approach of neoclassical economics, technologists and policy makers.

Author : M.P. Feldman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 453 pages
File Size : 26,77 MB
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1461516897

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Scholars in the science and technology field have not collectively questioned, much less proposed, an agenda for policy makers. Now is an appropriate time for such an undertaking. First, there is a growing belief that the U.S. national research and development system, like that of many industrial nations, is changing due to global competitive pressures and advancements in information technology and electronic commerce. Second, industry's R&D relationship with the academic research community is changing not only because of the global competition but also because of alterations in the level of government support of fundamental research. As a result, policy makers will need to rethink their approaches to science and technology issues. This volume is a collection of essays by scholars about innovative policy in the knowledge-based economy. By knowledge-based economy we mean one for which economic growth is based on the creation, distribution, and use of technology. As such, innovation policy in such an economy must enhance the creation, distribution, and use of knowledge that leads to the creation, distribution, and use of technology. This volume considers elements of an innovation policy: innovation policy and academic research, innovation policy in electronic commerce, and innovation policy and globalization issues.

Author : Edward J. Malecki
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 33,37 MB
Release : 2009
Category :
ISBN :

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This study examines the effects of technological change on economic growth and development, synthesizing extensive research from multiple disciplines, including geography and planning, regional science, entrepreneurship, technology policy and economics. It uses the framework of regional development to encompass economic dynamics at all spatial scales: national, regional and local. The concept of regional development is introduced as the qualitative or structural features of a region's economy, as opposed to its sheer size or growth rate. The analysis also examines the core-periphery dichotomy, where the core is defined as a set of regions in which complexity, technology, and control are the norm, and where linkages to other nodes and the global system are common. The discussion also draws a distinction between economic growth and economc development; the former designates increases in population within a specific area, or increases in the quantity or the value of the goods and services, and does not necessarily lead to qualitative improvements in life, the way development does. Technological capability is closely related to capability in R&D. Economic change, including technological change, is an evolutionary process. Much technological change is cumulative within firms, and within regions and nations. The analysis explains some reasons behind this phenomenon. It then focuses on the internal organization of R&D within firms. Issues of strategy, organization and external relationships are the means of competing in a setting of rapid technological and political change. R&D is necessary for competitiveness, but not enough; conventional strategies are changing to encompass people -- their contacts and skills -- as another vital basis for success of firms in new technologies and in alliances and other cooperations. The location of economic activities is explored. There are two major sets of influences on the innovativeness and competitiveness of places: (1) technical skills and information are key in the process of technological change and competition; and (2) urban areas contain a complex synergy of factors that smaller, more remote places cannot attain. Producer services, which are strongly based on knowledge and symbolic analysis, are therefore typically clustered in cities. Small firms and entrepreneurship are examined as a crucial part of a well-functioning regional economy. Research has demonstrated the close relationship between entrepreneurship and regional and local development. Innovativeness developed within local inter-firm networks both supports existing firms and presents opportunities for starting new businesses in order to serve newly identified markets. Networks of firms complement and sometimes substitute for a firm's own technological capability. Networks of large firms and the globalization of economic activity are then considered. Policy attempts at national, regional and local scales to influence the location of economic activity are analyzed. The economic progress and prospects of developing countries are assessed. Policies for innovation, entrepreneurship, and the functioning of the economy are essential, and require flexibility in order to respond to changing conditions in the world economy, in specific product markets, and in technology. Concludes with a discussion of some of the central themes that were facing society at the end of the 1990s, including basic needs for human development, environmental issues, employment and human capital, and infrastructures for future technologies. (AT).