[PDF] Improving Global Health Through Insects eBook

Author : Valerie Jo Stull
Publisher :
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 22,84 MB
Release : 2018
Category :
ISBN :

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Entomophagy has been touted as one means to address global food insecurity. Many nutrient-dense insect species require considerably less feed, land, and water to survive and thrive than traditional livestock - while emitting fewer greenhouse gases. Minilivestock production is one way to supply edible insects, but acceptability and feasibility require further evaluation. This dissertation explores the social, environmental, and health implications of minilivestock as a new agricultural activity. Social acceptability of minilivestock, and alignment with food sovereignty, largely depends on existing perceptions of insects. A case study of Kazoka, Zambia reveals that edible insects serve as totems. They are understood socially, closely associated with urbanism, class, gender, and age. Future farming initiatives that optimize production, minimize labor, and highlight benefits are more likely to be socially accepted. Findings from a baseline survey in Lusaka Province suggest that entomophagy behaviors and perceptions vary significantly by district and age, but the practice overall is viewed positively. The productivity and health benefits of insect agriculture will be contingent on feed sources and ultimate nutritional quality of insects. Results of Tenebrio molitor feed studies using three diets (control, mixed, maize stover) demonstrate that low-nutrient stover is a suitable feedstock. Resulting larvae have high protein levels with slightly reduced amino acid quality, but more iron compared to the control. Crop residue is a useful feed, but enhanced feed treatments, alternatives, or mixtures are needed to optimize T. molitor quality and growth. Health outcomes from entomophagy are likely influenced not only by nutrition, but also by effects on the microbiome. Findings from a double-blind, crossover trial, where adults consumed 25g Gryllodes sigillatus powder for 14 days, reveal tolerability and no signs of toxicity. Consumption did not dramatically disrupt phyla level gut microbiota, but did support growth of some probiotic species, including Bifidobacterium animalis. Minilivestock are underdeveloped and underutilized. They represent a golden opportunity with potential benefits for human and planetary health. Additional policy action and research are required to amplify gains while minimizing risks, while also preserving food sovereignty. Unknowns remain, but the multiple arms of this dissertation synergistically highlight that minilivestock deserve further exploration.

Author : Afton Halloran
Publisher : Springer
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 40,94 MB
Release : 2018-05-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3319740113

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This text provides an important overview of the contributions of edible insects to ecological sustainability, livelihoods, nutrition and health, food culture and food systems around the world. While insect farming for both food and feed is rapidly increasing in popularity around the world, the role that wild insect species have played in the lives and societies of millions of people worldwide cannot be ignored. In order to represent this diversity, this work draws upon research conducted in a wide range of geographical locations and features a variety of different insect species. Edible insects in Sustainable Food Systems comprehensively covers the basic principles of entomology and population dynamics; edible insects and culture; nutrition and health; gastronomy; insects as animal feed; factors influencing preferences and acceptability of insects; environmental impacts and conservation; considerations for insect farming and policy and legislation. The book contains practical information for researchers, NGOs and international organizations, decision-makers, entrepreneurs and students.

Author : Arnold van Huis
Publisher : Bright Sparks
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,21 MB
Release : 2013
Category : Conservation of natural resources
ISBN : 9789251075951

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Edible insects have always been a part of human diets, but in some societies there remains a degree of disdain and disgust for their consumption. Although the majority of consumed insects are gathered in forest habitats, mass-rearing systems are being developed in many countries. Insects offer a significant opportunity to merge traditional knowledge and modern science to improve human food security worldwide. This publication describes the contribution of insects to food security and examines future prospects for raising insects at a commercial scale to improve food and feed production, diversify diets, and support livelihoods in both developing and developed countries. It shows the many traditional and potential new uses of insects for direct human consumption and the opportunities for and constraints to farming them for food and feed. It examines the body of research on issues such as insect nutrition and food safety, the use of insects as animal feed, and the processing and preservation of insects and their products. It highlights the need to develop a regulatory framework to govern the use of insects for food security. And it presents case studies and examples from around the world. Edible insects are a promising alternative to the conventional production of meat, either for direct human consumption or for indirect use as feedstock. To fully realise this potential, much work needs to be done by a wide range of stakeholders. This publication will boost awareness of the many valuable roles that insects play in sustaining nature and human life, and it will stimulate debate on the expansion of the use of insects as food and feed.

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 35,4 MB
Release : 2012-09-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0309259363

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Globalization of the food supply has created conditions favorable for the emergence, reemergence, and spread of food-borne pathogens-compounding the challenge of anticipating, detecting, and effectively responding to food-borne threats to health. In the United States, food-borne agents affect 1 out of 6 individuals and cause approximately 48 million illnesses, 128,000 hospitalizations, and 3,000 deaths each year. This figure likely represents just the tip of the iceberg, because it fails to account for the broad array of food-borne illnesses or for their wide-ranging repercussions for consumers, government, and the food industry-both domestically and internationally. A One Health approach to food safety may hold the promise of harnessing and integrating the expertise and resources from across the spectrum of multiple health domains including the human and veterinary medical and plant pathology communities with those of the wildlife and aquatic health and ecology communities. The IOM's Forum on Microbial Threats hosted a public workshop on December 13 and 14, 2011 that examined issues critical to the protection of the nation's food supply. The workshop explored existing knowledge and unanswered questions on the nature and extent of food-borne threats to health. Participants discussed the globalization of the U.S. food supply and the burden of illness associated with foodborne threats to health; considered the spectrum of food-borne threats as well as illustrative case studies; reviewed existing research, policies, and practices to prevent and mitigate foodborne threats; and, identified opportunities to reduce future threats to the nation's food supply through the use of a "One Health" approach to food safety. Improving Food Safety Through a One Health Approach: Workshop Summary covers the events of the workshop and explains the recommendations for future related workshops.

Author : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 705 pages
File Size : 17,5 MB
Release : 2017-04-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0190628634

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THE ESSENTIAL WORK IN TRAVEL MEDICINE -- NOW COMPLETELY UPDATED FOR 2018 As unprecedented numbers of travelers cross international borders each day, the need for up-to-date, practical information about the health challenges posed by travel has never been greater. For both international travelers and the health professionals who care for them, the CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel is the definitive guide to staying safe and healthy anywhere in the world. The fully revised and updated 2018 edition codifies the U.S. government's most current health guidelines and information for international travelers, including pretravel vaccine recommendations, destination-specific health advice, and easy-to-reference maps, tables, and charts. The 2018 Yellow Book also addresses the needs of specific types of travelers, with dedicated sections on: · Precautions for pregnant travelers, immunocompromised travelers, and travelers with disabilities · Special considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees · Practical tips for last-minute or resource-limited travelers · Advice for air crews, humanitarian workers, missionaries, and others who provide care and support overseas Authored by a team of the world's most esteemed travel medicine experts, the Yellow Book is an essential resource for travelers -- and the clinicians overseeing their care -- at home and abroad.

Author : Heimo Mikkola
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 25,87 MB
Release : 2020-01-29
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1789856353

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Insect protein production through ‘mini-livestock farming’ has enormous potential to reduce the level of malnutrition in critical areas across the world. It has been estimated that insect eating is practised regularly by over two billion people, mostly in China and in most tropical countries in Africa, South America, and Asia. However, eating insects has been taboo in many western nations. Reasons for this are discussed in this book with examples from Finland and the UK. The enormous boom of insect farming in Finland started in September 2017 when the business type was legalized. However, a large part of the population found the insect food too expensive and exotic. UK research outlines a multitude of promising strategies to overcome ‘western’ resistance to eating insects. This book also includes a chapter on the potential of insect farming to increase global food security. It shows that Africa is a hotspot of edible insect biodiversity and there more than 500 species consumed daily. We have several examples of viable insect farming businesses that can fight poverty and malnutrition in developing countries and provide profit and wealth to rural farmers. The chapters of the book cover countries such as Cameroon, Ecuador, Finland, Ghana, India, Mexico, the UK, and the US.

Author : Oliver Milman
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 18,52 MB
Release : 2022-03-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 1324006609

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A devastating examination of how collapsing insect populations worldwide threaten everything from wild birds to the food on our plate. From ants scurrying under leaf litter to bees able to fly higher than Mount Kilimanjaro, insects are everywhere. Three out of every four of our planet’s known animal species are insects. In The Insect Crisis, acclaimed journalist Oliver Milman dives into the torrent of recent evidence that suggests this kaleidoscopic group of creatures is suffering the greatest existential crisis in its remarkable 400-million-year history. What is causing the collapse of the insect world? Why does this alarming decline pose such a threat to us? And what can be done to stem the loss of the miniature empires that hold aloft life as we know it? With urgency and great clarity, Milman explores this hidden emergency, arguing that its consequences could even rival climate change. He joins the scientists tracking the decline of insect populations across the globe, including the soaring mountains of Mexico that host an epic, yet dwindling, migration of monarch butterflies; the verdant countryside of England that has been emptied of insect life; the gargantuan fields of U.S. agriculture that have proved a killing ground for bees; and an offbeat experiment in Denmark that shows there aren’t that many bugs splattering into your car windshield these days. These losses not only further tear at the tapestry of life on our degraded planet; they imperil everything we hold dear, from the food on our supermarket shelves to the medicines in our cabinets to the riot of nature that thrills and enlivens us. Even insects we may dread, including the hated cockroach, or the stinging wasp, play crucial ecological roles, and their decline would profoundly shape our own story. By connecting butterfly and bee, moth and beetle from across the globe, the full scope of loss renders a portrait of a crisis that threatens to upend the workings of our collective history. Part warning, part celebration of the incredible variety of insects, The Insect Crisis is a wake-up call for us all.

Author : Gina Louise Hunter
Publisher : Reaktion Books
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 43,94 MB
Release : 2021-09-16
Category : Cooking
ISBN : 1789144477

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From grasshoppers to grubs, an eye-opening look at insect cuisine around the world. An estimated two billion people worldwide regularly consume insects, yet bugs are rarely eaten in the West. Why are some disgusted at the thought of eating insects while others find them delicious? Edible Insects: A Global History provides a broad introduction to the role of insects as human food, from our prehistoric past to current food trends—and even recipes. On the menu are beetles, butterflies, grasshoppers, and grubs of many kinds, with stories that highlight traditional methods of insect collection, preparation, consumption, and preservation. But we not only encounter the culinary uses of creepy-crawlies across many cultures. We also learn of the potential of insects to alleviate global food shortages and natural resource overexploitation, as well as the role of world-class chefs in making insects palatable to consumers in the West.

Author : Barry B. Hughes
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 774 pages
File Size : 37,71 MB
Release : 2015-11-17
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1317257758

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Improving Global Health is the third in a series of volumes-Patterns of Potential Human Progress-that uses the International Futures (IFs) simulation model to explore prospects for human development: how development appears to be unfolding globally and locally, how we would like it to evolve, and how better to assure that we move it in desired directions. Earlier volumes addressed the reduction of global poverty and the advance of global education. Volume 3 sets out to tell a story of possible futures for the health of peoples across the world. Questions the volume addresses include: -What health outcomes might we expect given current patterns of human development? -What opportunities exist for intervention and the achievement of alternate health futures? -How might improved health futures affect broader economic, social, and political prospects of countries, regions, and the world?

Author : Aaron T. Dossey
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 41,47 MB
Release : 2016-06-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0128028920

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Insects as Sustainable Food Ingredients: Production, Processing and Food Applications describes how insects can be mass produced and incorporated into our food supply at an industrial and cost-effective scale, providing valuable guidance on how to build the insect-based agriculture and the food and biomaterial industry. Editor Aaron Dossey, a pioneer in the processing of insects for human consumption, brings together a team of international experts who effectively summarize the current state-of-the-art, providing helpful recommendations on which readers can build companies, products, and research programs. Researchers, entrepreneurs, farmers, policymakers, and anyone interested in insect mass production and the industrial use of insects will benefit from the content in this comprehensive reference. The book contains all the information a basic practitioner in the field needs, making this a useful resource for those writing a grant, a research or review article, a press article, or news clip, or for those deciding how to enter the world of insect based food ingredients. Details the current state and future direction of insects as a sustainable source of protein, food, feed, medicine, and other useful biomaterials Provides valuable guidance that is useful to anyone interested in utilizing insects as food ingredients Presents insects as an alternative protein/nutrient source that is ideal for food companies, nutritionists, entomologists, food entrepreneurs, and athletes, etc. Summarizes the current state-of-the-art, providing helpful recommendations on building companies, products, and research programs Ideal reference for researchers, entrepreneurs, farmers, policymakers, and anyone interested in insect mass production and the industrial use of insects Outlines the challenges and opportunities within this emerging industry