[PDF] Identification And Functional Characterization Of Putative Mitochondrial Iron Transporters From The Human Pathogen Trypanosoma Brucei eBook

Author : Carmen Priscila Pena Diaz
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 29,35 MB
Release : 2011
Category :
ISBN :

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The Mitochondrial Carrier Family encloses a group of transmembrane proteins that transport metabolites across the mitochondrial inner membrane. The ADP/ATP carrier is the most widely studied MCF protein. It catalyzes the counter exchange of ADP for ATP in the mitochondrion of all eukaryotes. In the genome of the kinetoplastid parasite Trypanosoma brucei, three putative ADP/ATP carrier sequences (MCP5, MCP15 and MCP16) and one GDP/GTP (MCP13) entries were analyzed by sequence analyses and phylogenetic reconstruction. AACs phylogenetic reconstruction proved a strong association with yeast, funghi and plant clades, whilst separates from those AACs and from metazoans. MCP13 groups with GGCs, seems to be present only on lower eukaryotes and do not seem to present any homologues in metazoans. Gene deletion studies were performed to assess the roles of MCP5, MCP15, MCP16 and 13. A conditional double knockout cell line, with an inducible myc-tagged rescue copy was constructed for MCP5, which proves the essentiality of the protein for the parasite. Growth curves of the mutant cell line proved a growth defect phenotype in various carbon sources conditions. Mitochondrial ATP production assays were performed in the mutant cell line, in presence and absence of the inducible protein, using permeabilized cells with digitonin that confirmed the ADP/ATP transport activity of the carrier. For invitro activity assays, the carriers were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli and Spodoptera frugiperda, solubilised and reconstituted into liposomes. Unfortunately, the reconstitution was unsuccessful and the conditions and methodologies are discussed.

Author : William F. Martin
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 45,55 MB
Release : 2020-12-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 3110612410

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Mitochondria are sometimes called the powerhouses of eukaryotic cells, because mitochondria are the site of ATP synthesis in the cell. ATP is the universal energy currency, it provides the power that runs all other life processes. Humans need oxygen to survive because of ATP synthesis in mitochondria. The sugars from our diet are converted to carbon dioxide in mitochondria in a process that requires oxygen. Just like a fire needs oxygen to burn, our mitochondria need oxygen to make ATP. From textbooks and popular literature one can easily get the impression that all mitochondria require oxygen. But that is not the case. There are many groups of organismsm known that make ATP in mitochondria without the help of oxygen. They have preserved biochemical relicts from the early evolution of eukaryotic cells, which took place during times in Earth history when there was hardly any oxygen avaiable, certainly not enough to breathe. How the anaerobic forms of mitochondria work, in which organisms they occur, and how the eukaryotic anaerobes that possess them fit into the larger picture of rising atmospheric oxygen during Earth history are the topic of this book.

Author : C. Graham Clark
Publisher :
Page : pages
File Size : 30,21 MB
Release : 2010
Category :
ISBN : 9781912530861

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In this book internationally acclaimed researchers critically review the most important aspects of research on anaerobic parasitic protozoa, providing the first coherent picture of their genomics and molecular biology since the publication of the genomes. Chapters are written from a molecular and genomic perspective and contain speculative models upon which future research efforts can be based. Topics include: the genomes of Entamoeba histolytica, Trichomonas vaginalis, Giardia and other diplomonads; the cytoskeletons of Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia and Trichomonas vaginalis; genomic.

Author : Leopold Flohé
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 49,4 MB
Release : 2007-09-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1402060513

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This book contains a broad survey on the peroxiredoxins. It involves almost all groups that contributed significant insights into the emerging field. Coverage discusses the diverse biological roles of the new protein family in the context of other antioxidant systems like those based on heme or selenium catalysis. In addition, the book highlights related future perspectives.

Author : Jose M. Arguello
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 26,22 MB
Release : 2012-10-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 0123943906

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This volume of Current Topics in Membranes focuses on metal transmembrane transporters and pumps, a recently discovered family of membrane proteins with many important roles in the physiology of living organisms. The book summarizes the most recent advances in the field of metal ion transport and provides a broad overview of the major classes of transporters involved in homeostasis of heavy metals. Various families of the transporters and metal specificities are discussed with the focus on the structural and mechanistic aspects of their function and regulation. The reader will access information obtained through a variety of approaches ranging from X-ray crystallography to cell biology and bioinformatics, which have been applied to transporters identified in diverse biological systems, such as pathogenic bacteria, plants, humans and others. Field is cutting-edge and a lot of the information is new to research community Wide breadth of topic coverage Contributors of high renown and expertise

Author : André L.S. Santos
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 20,60 MB
Release : 2013-11-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9400773056

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This book contains a collection of critical reviews on the expression of biologically functional proteins in Leishmania and Trypanosoma, which was written by renowned researchers on this field. Species belonging to these trypanosomatids’ genera are etiological agents of leishmaniasis, Chagas’ disease and sleeping sickness that are extremely debilitating human infection diseases, which remain a major health problem especially in countries from Latin America, Africa and Middle East. Substantiating the problem, the currently accepted drugs for these diseases are quiet unsatisfying due to their low efficacy and high toxicity. In order to solve these real problems, several research groups around the world have become involved in the study and identification of novel potential targets in the trypanosomatid cell. Since proteins are key macromolecules involved in crucial metabolic processes of all living cells, studies have focused on the expression of specific proteins produced by Leishmania and Trypanosoma by means of different biochemical, molecular and proteomic approaches in order to explore them as targets for understanding the parasite life cycle and developing new strategies against trypanosomiasis. With these proposals in mind, the book “Proteins and Proteomics of Leishmania and Trypanosoma” encompasses (i) an integrated view about the biochemistry of parasites belonging to the Leishmania and Trypanosoma genera; (ii) an updated review on the expression of biologically relevant proteins by human pathogenic trypanosomatids and their possible role in the interaction with host cells/molecules as well as a target for development of both alternative chemotherapies and vaccine; and (iii) several pictures, diagrams and tables that can be used to illustrate both undergraduate and postgraduate teaching as well as scientific lectures, being a useful resource for students and researchers.

Author : Olivier Van Aken
Publisher : Humana
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 15,97 MB
Release : 2021-10-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781071616529

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This detailed volume presents a wide range of techniques for plant mitochondrial analysis, ranging from tried-and-tested work horse techniques to the latest innovations. Within its pages, it explores subjects such as affinity-based isolation of mitochondria with magnetic beads, mitochondrial quality assessment protocols, measurement of uptake and release of specific metabolites, mitochondrial protein identification and visualization, as well as gene splicing and editing, and much more. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Plant Mitochondria: Methods and Protocols provides a highly useful set of methodologies for the plant mitochondrial community to help discover more interesting aspects of plant mitochondria in the years to come.